Terms : Hide Images
| 45585216 | scale | refers to the relationship of a features size on a map to its actual size on Earth | |
| 45585217 | projection | the system used to transfer locations from Earths surface to a flat map | |
| 45585218 | site | a way to describe the physical character of a place | |
| 45585219 | township | a square normally six miles on a side | |
| 45585220 | toponym | the name given to a portion of earths surface | |
| 45585221 | situation | the location of a place relative to other places | |
| 45585222 | space | the physical gap or interval between two objects | |
| 45585223 | remote sensing | the acquisition of data about Earth's surface from a satalite orbiting the planet or other long-distance methods | |
| 45585224 | region | an area distinguished by a unique combination of trends or features | |
| 45585225 | prime meridian | the meridian, designated as 0 degrees longitude that passes through the royal observatory at greenwhich england | |
| 45585226 | environmental determinism | a nineteenth and early twentieth-century approach to the study of geography that argued that the general law sought by human geographers could be found in the physical sciences. geography was therefore the study of how the physical environment caused human activities. | |
| 45585227 | physiological density | the number of people per unit of area of arable land. which is land for agriculture | |
| 45585228 | hierarchical diffusion | the spread of a feature or trend from one key person or node to other persons or places. | |
| 45585229 | hearth | the region from which innovative ideas originate | |
| 45585230 | expansion diffusion | the spread of a feature or trend among people from one area to another in a snowballing process | |
| 45585231 | distribution | the arrangement of something across earths surface | |
| 45585232 | stimulus diffusion | the spread of an underlying principle, even though a specific characteristic is rejectied | |
| 45585233 | space-time compression | the reduction in the time it takes to diffuse something to a distant place, as a result of improved communications and transportation systems | |
| 45585234 | relocation diffusion | the spread of a feature or trend through bodily movement of people from one place to another | |
| 45585235 | polder | land created by the dutch by drawing water from an area | |
| 45585236 | transnational corporation | a company that conducts research, operates factories and sells products in many countries, not just where its headquarters are share holders are located | |
| 45585237 | uneven development | the increasing gap in economic conditions between core and peripheral regions as a result of the globalization of the economy | |
| 45585238 | cultural ecology | geographic approach that emphasizes human environment relationships | |
| 45585239 | culture | the body of customary beliefs, social forms and material traits that together constitute a groug of people's distinct tradition | |
| 45585240 | diffusion | the process of spread of a feature or trend from one place to another over time | |
| 45585241 | density | the frequency with which something exists within a given unit of area | |
| 45585242 | contagious diffusion | the rapid, wide spread diffusion of a feature or trend throughout a population | |
| 45585243 | concentration | the spread of something over a given area | |
| 45585244 | location | the position of anything on earths surface | |
| 45585245 | international date line | an area that for the most part follows 180 degrees longitude, although it deviates in several places to avoid dividing land areas. when you cross it the clock moves back 24 hours when you go west the calander moves ahead one day. | |
| 45585246 | base line | An east - west line designated under the Land Ordinance of 1785 to facilitate the surveying and numbering of townships in the United States. | |
| 45585247 | cartography | The art and science of map making. | |
| 45585248 | connections | relationships among people and objects across the barrier of space | |
| 45585249 | GIS | computer system that can store, organize, analyze, and display geographic data | |
| 45585250 | GPS | system that accurately determines the precise position of somrthing on earth | |
| 45585251 | Greenwich mean time | the master reference time for all points on earth | |
| 45585252 | latitude | the numbering system to indicate the location of a parallel | |
| 45585253 | longitude | the location of each meridian on earths surface | |
| 45585254 | map | a two dimensional or flat scale model of earths surface or a portion of it | |
| 45585255 | meridian | is an arc drawn between the north and south poles | |
| 45585256 | regional studies | the contemporary cultural landscape approach in geography | |
| 45862488 | place | A specific point on Earth distinguished by a particular character. | |
| 45862489 | parallel | A circle drawn around the globe parallel to the equator and at right angles to the meridians. | |
| 45862490 | arithmetic density | The total number of people divided by the total land area. | |
| 45862491 | functional region | An area organized around a node or focal point. (otherwise known as nodal region) | |
| 45862492 | formal region | An area in which everyone shares in one or more distinctive characteristics. (otherwise known as uniform or homogeneous region) | |
| 45862493 | culture | The body of customary beliefs, social forms, and material traits that together constitute a group of people's distinct tradition. | |
| 45862494 | agricultural density | The ratio of the number of farmers to the total amount of land suitable for agriculture. | |
| 45862495 | vernacular region | An area that people believe exists as part of their cultural identity. | |
| 45862496 | possibilism | The theory that the physical environment may set limits on human actions, but people have the ability to adjust to the physical environment and choose a course of action from many alternatives. | |
| 45862498 | places | Geographers describe ______ by their physical and human characteristics. | |
| 45862499 | people, environments | ______ interact with their ____________ and change them in different ways. | |
| 45992132 | cylindrical | Type of map projection that touches the globe only along one line (the equator). Distortion of size and shape increases towards the top and bottom. (Mercator is an example of this) | |
| 45995485 | snowbirds | interregional migrants that leave the colder regions to live in a warmer one. | |
| 45995486 | rust belt | Area with high unemployment from closed down factories. People move from here to the sun belt. | |
| 45995487 | demography | The scientific study of population characteristics. | |
| 46012005 | Crude birth rate | the total number of live births in a year for every 1,000 people alive in the society | |
| 46012006 | Crude death rate | the total number of deaths in a year for every 1,000 people alive in the society | |
| 46012007 | Natural Increase Rate | computed by subtracting the CDR from the CBR after first converting the two measures from numbers per 1,000 to percentages (numbers per 100) | |
| 46012008 | Doubling time | the number of years needed to double a population (69 divided by NIR) | |
| 46012009 | dependency ratio | the number of people who are too young or to old to work compaired to the number of people who are in their productive years | |
| 46012010 | sex ratio | the number of males per hundred females in the population | |
| 46012011 | Neo-Malthusians | believe two characteristics of recent population growth make Malthus's thesis more frightening now than 200 years ago | |
| 46012012 | epidemiologic transition | Distinctive causes of death in each stage of the demographic transition | |
| 46012013 | epidemiology | branch of medical science concerned with the distribution and control of disease that affect large numbers of people | |
| 46012014 | Jean Antoine Candorcet | predicted that innovation would provide food and resources in the future | |
| 46012016 | migration | type of relocation diffusion, which is a permanent move to a new location | |
| 46012017 | emigration | migration from a location | |
| 46012018 | immigration | migration to a location | |
| 46012019 | economic reasons | main reason people move | |
| 46012020 | E.G. Ravenstein | wrote the 11 migration "laws" | |
| 46012021 | 2nd law of migration | Distance migrants move- a. most migrants relocate a short distance and remain within the same country b. long-distance migrants to other countries head for major centers of economic activity | |
| 46012022 | 3rd law of migration | Characteristics of migrants- a. most long-distance migrants are male b. most long-distance migrants are adult individuals rather than families with children | |
| 46012023 | 1st law of migration | Reasons why migrants move- a. most people migrate for economis reasons b. cultural and enviromental factors also induce migration although not as frequent as economic factors | |
| 46014129 | International migration | permanent movement from one country to another | |
| 46014130 | internal migration | permanent movement within the same country | |
| 46014131 | interregional migration | movement from one region of a country to another | |
| 46014132 | intraregional migration | movement within one region | |
| 46014133 | voluntary migration | implies that the migrant has chosen to move for economic improvement | |
| 46014134 | forced migration | means that the migrant has been compelled to move by cultural factors | |
| 46014135 | migration transition | which consists of changes in a society comparable to those in the demographic transition | |
| 46014136 | stage 1 | high birth rate- high death rate | |
| 46014137 | stage 2 | high birth rate- declining death rate | |
| 46014138 | stage 3 | Declining birth rate- declining death rate | |
| 46014139 | stage 4 | low birth rate- low death rate | |
| 46015756 | non-uniformly | Human beings are distributed across the Earth's surface ____________. | |
| 46015757 | one fifth | ___-_____ of the world's people live in East Asia. | |
| 46015758 | one fifth | ___-_____ of the world's people live in South Asia. | |
| 46015759 | non-ecumene | Areas that people don't stay in permanently. | |
| 46015760 | a half billion | _ ____ _______ of the world's people live in Southeast Asia. | |
| 46015761 | one ninth | ___-_____ of the world's people live in Europe. | |
| 46015762 | ecumene | The portion of Earth's surface occupied by permanent human settlement. | |
| 46018052 | infant mortality rate | The annual number of deaths of infants under 1 year of age. compared to total live births. | |
| 46018053 | life expectancy | The number of years a newborn infant can expect to live at current mortality levels. | |
| 46018054 | distance decay | The diminishing in importance and eventual disappearance of a phenomenon with increasing distance from its origin. | |
| 46018055 | cohort | Data referred to a population group unified by a specified common characteristic. (sub category of a rate) | |
| 46018056 | rate | The frequency of occurrence of an event during a given time frame for a designated population. | |
| 46042059 | Eratosthenes | The head librarian at Alexandria during the third century B.C.; he was one of the first cartography and performed a remarkably accurate computation of the earth's circumference. Also credited with coining the term "geography". | |
| 46042060 | Fertile Crescent | Crescent-shaped area of fertile land where agriculture and early civilization first began about 8000 B.C. | |
| 46042061 | George Perkins Marsh | Inventor, diplomat, politician, and scholar whose classic work, MAN AND NATURE, OR PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY AS MODIFIED BY HUMAN ACTION, provided the first description of the extent to which natural systems had been impacted by human actions. | |
| 46042062 | W.D. Pattison | Claimed that geography drew from four distinct traditions: the earth-science tradition, the culture-environment tradition, the locational tradition, and the area-analysis tradition. | |
| 46042063 | Ptolemy | Roman geographer-astronomer and author of GUIDE TO GEOGRAPHY which included maps containing a grid system of latitude and longitude. | |
| 46042064 | absolute distance | The distance that can be measured with a standard unit of length, such as a mile or kilometer. | |
| 46042065 | absolute location | The exact position of an object or place, measured within the spatial coordinates of a grid system. | |
| 46042066 | accessibility | The relative ease with which a destination may be reached from some other place. | |
| 46042067 | breaking point | The outer edge of a city's sphere of influence, used in the law of retail gravitational to describe the area of a city's hinterlands that depend on that city for its retail supply. | |
| 46042068 | complementarity | The actual or potential relationship between two places, usually referring to economic interactions. | |
| 46042069 | coordinate system | A standard grid, composed of lines of latitude and longitude, used to determine the absolute location of any object, place, or feature on the earth's surface. | |
| 46042070 | gravity model | A mathematical formula that describes the level of interaction between two places, based on the size of their populations and their distance from each other. | |
| 46042779 | qualitative data | Data associated with a more humanistic approach to geography, often collected through interviews, empirical observations, or the interpretation of texts, artwork, old maps, and other archives. | |
| 46042780 | quantitative data | Data associated with mathematical models and statistical techniques used to analyze spatial location and association. | |
| 46042781 | quantitative revolution | A period in human geography associated with the widespread adoption of mathematical models and statistical techniques. | |
| 46042782 | Carl Sauer | Geographer from the University of California at Berkeley who defined the concept of cultural landscape as the fundamental unit of geographical analysis. Also argued that virtually no landscape has escaped alteration by human activities. | |
| 46042783 | spatial perspective | An intellectual framework that looks at the particular locations of specific phenomena, how and why that phenomena is where it is, and, how it is spatially related to phenomena in other places. | |
| 46042784 | thematic layers | Individual maps of specific features that are overlaid on one another in a GIS to understand and analyze a spatial relationship. | |
| 46043301 | conformal | The Mercator is a "_________" map projection. | |
| 46043302 | Greenland Problem | Cartographers refer to the inability to compare size on a Mercator projection as "the _________ _______."(here's a hint: Greenland appears to be the same size as Africa :D) | |
| 46045985 | relocation diffusion | aids is an example of __________ _________. | |
| 46045986 | transcendentalist movement | Movement that held that reality involves going beyond the senses and investigating the processes of the mind of thought. Centered around New England. | |
| 46048020 | agricultural revolution | The time when human beings first domesticated plants and animals and no longer relied on hunting and gathering. | |
| 46048021 | census | Complete enumeration of a population. | |
| 46048022 | demographic transition | The process of change in a society's population from a condition of high crude birth and death rates and low rate of natural increase to a condition of low crude birth and death rates, low rate of natural increase, and a higher total population. | |
| 46048023 | Industrial revolution | A series of improvements in industrial technology that transform the process of manufacturing goods. | |
| 46048024 | medical revolution | Medical technology invented in Europe and North America that is diffused to the poorer countries of Latin America, Asia, and Africa. Improved medical practices have eliminated many of the traditional causes of death in poorer countries and enabled more people to live longer and healthier lives. | |
| 46048025 | overpopulation | The number of people in an area exceeds the capacity of the environment to support life at a decent standard of living. | |
| 46048026 | pandemic | Disease that occurs over a wide geographic area and affects a very high proportion of the population. | |
| 46048027 | population pyramid | A reverted bar graph representing the distribution of population by age and sex. | |
| 46048028 | total fertility rate | The average number of children a woman will have throughout her childbearing years. | |
| 46048029 | zero population growth | A decline of the TFR to the point where the natural increase rate equals zero. |
