Time: Postclassical Era 1450-1750
134016141 | Shaykhs | leaders of tribes in a bedouin society | 0 | |
134016143 | Caliph | a supreme political and religious leader in a Muslim government | 1 | |
134016145 | Hijra | flight of Muhammad in 622CE from Mecca to Medina | 2 | |
134016147 | Abu Bakr | succeeded Muhammad as first caliph | 3 | |
134016150 | Sunnis | followers of Umayyads | 4 | |
134016152 | Damascus | capital of Umayyad empire | 5 | |
134016154 | Wazir | chief official under Abbasids | 6 | |
134016156 | Umayyad | clan of Quraysh that dominated economy of Mecca | 7 | |
134016157 | Umma | community of the faithful (Islam) | 8 | |
134016158 | Hajj | pilgrimage to Mecca | 9 | |
134016159 | Ridda Wars | followed Muhammad's death, restored unity to Islam | 10 | |
134016160 | Shi'as | followers of Ali (cousin of Muhammad) | 11 | |
134016161 | Mawali | non-Arab converts to Islam | 12 | |
134016162 | Ayan | wealthy elite during Abbasid rule | 13 | |
134016163 | Bedouin | nomadic pastoralists | 14 | |
134016164 | Zakat | tax for charity | 15 | |
134016165 | Jihad | Islam holy war | 16 | |
134016166 | Dhimmis | people of the book (Jews and Christians) | 17 | |
134016167 | Baghdad | capital of Abbasid empire | 18 | |
134016168 | Seljuk Turks | nomadic invaders of Central Asia, ruled in name of Abbasid caliphs | 19 | |
134016169 | Mongols | nomads of Central Asia, captured Baghdad, killed last Abbasid caliph | 20 | |
134016170 | Great Zimbabwe | Bantu confederation | 21 | |
134016171 | Griots | professional oral historians who served as advisors to Mali kings | 22 | |
134016172 | Hausa states | combined Muslim and pagan traditions | 23 | |
134016173 | Ibn Battuta | Arabic traveler who described African societies in his travel records | 24 | |
134016174 | Mansa | ruler in West Africa | 25 | |
134016175 | Songhay | successor state to Mali, independent kingdom under Berber Dynasty | 26 | |
134016176 | Stateless societies | around kinship, no concentration of power | 27 | |
134016177 | Sundiata | "lion prince", created unified state that became Mali Empire | 28 | |
134016178 | Timbuktu | port city of Mali | 29 |