Time: Postclassical Era 1450-1750
134023014 | Body of Civil Law | Justinian's code of Roman law | 0 | |
134023015 | Boyars | Russian aristocrats, less political power than those of W Europe | 1 | |
135476689 | Byzantine Empire | East part of Roman empire after Western collapse, retained culture, capital in Consantinople | 2 | |
135476690 | Cyril | missionaries sent by Byzantine government, converted Balkans to Orthodoxy, created Cyrillic | 3 | |
135476691 | Greek fire | Byzantine weapon, helped to defeat Arab fleets | 4 | |
135476692 | Hagia Sophia | church in Constantinople, constructed under Justinian | 5 | |
135476693 | Iconoclasm | emperor tried to supress images of religious figures, religious controversy (8th century) | 6 | |
135476694 | Kiev | origin of Russian kingdom, trade city of Scandinavian traders | 7 | |
135476695 | Russian Orthodoxy | Christianity of Byzantine Empire, combined with local religion | 8 | |
135476696 | Tartars | a.k.a Mongols, destroyed Kievan state in 1236 | 9 | |
135476697 | Vladimir 1 | converted Russian kingdom to Christianity | 10 | |
135476698 | Charlemagne | Charles the Great, Carolinian monarch who established empire in France and Germany | 11 | |
135476699 | Gothic | architectural style of Middle Ages, pointed arches, etc. | 12 | |
135476700 | Hanseatic League | organization of cities in N Germany for a commercial alliance | 13 | |
135476701 | Holy Roman Emperors | N Italy/Germany, after split of Charlemagne's empire | 14 | |
135476702 | Investiture | state appointment of bishops | 15 | |
135476703 | Manorialism | peasants gave labor to landlords in exchange for access to land, Middle Ages | 16 | |
135476704 | Middle Ages | Western Europe from decline of Roman Empire to 15th century | 17 | |
135476705 | Parliament | rulers consult with their vassals (England, Spain, Germany, France) | 18 | |
135476706 | Scholasticism | philosophy by Peter Abelard, showed logical contradictions in doctrines (religion) | 19 | |
135476707 | Vassals | members of military elite who recieved land from a lord for military service and loyalty | 20 | |
135476708 | Vikings | Scandinavian traders of Sweden, Denmark, Norway | 21 | |
146377174 | Aztecs | settled in the valley of Mexico, grew corn, engaged in frequent warfare to conquer others of the region, worshipped many gods, practiced human sacrifices with captured warriors from other tribes, conquered by Cortes | 22 | |
146377175 | Chinampas | irrigated agriculture by Aztecs using floating islands made of aquatic weeds, mud, earth | 23 | |
146377176 | Curacas | local leaders from conquered lands, received priviliges for loyalty | 24 | |
146377177 | Incas | largest empire in pre-Columbian America, Andes region in South America, capital in Peru, used conquest & peaceful assimilation to incorporate a large portion of western South America, conquered by Pizarro | 25 | |
146377178 | Mita | forced labor for state lands | 26 | |
146377179 | Quipu | system of knotted strings used by Incas for writing system | 27 | |
146377180 | Split inheritance | used by Incas, all power went to succesor but wealth to male descendants | 28 | |
146377181 | Tambos | way stations by Incas as storehouses | 29 | |
146377182 | Temple of the Sun | Inca center of state religion | 30 | |
146377183 | Toltecs | nomads from Mesoamerica agriculture region in Mexico, Aztecs claimed descent | 31 |