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Perception Flashcards

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1860179601Perceptionthe process of organizing and interpreting sensory information, enabling us to recognize meaningful objects and events0
1860179602Form Perceptionwe must perceive a figure from its ground1
1860179603Depth Perceptiontransforms 2D into 3D2
1860179604Motion Perceptionbrain computes motion as images move across the retina3
1860179605perceptual interpretationhow we recognize an object4
1860179606Selective attentionthe focusing of conscious awareness on a particular stimulus5
1860179607cocktail party effectthe ability to attend selectively to one voice among many6
1860179608inattentional blindnessinability to see an object or person in our midst ex. Simmons and Chabris showed 1/2 observers failed to see a gorilla suited assistant in a ball passing game7
1860179609changed blindnessa form of inattentional blindness; when you do not notice when something changes because you are so focused on something else8
1860179610Muller-Lyer Illusionlines that look different lengths but are actually the same or that look the same but one is significantly longer. Cultures that use many right angles see the lines as having different lengths while cultures that do not can usually tell that they are the same length9
1860179611Ames roomdesigned to demonstrate the size-distance illusion10
1860179612Visual Capturethe tendency for vision to dominate the other senses11
1860179613Gestaltan organized whole; the tendency to integrate pieces of information into meaningful wholes12
1860179614Law of Pragnanzpeople tend to perceive objects in a simple, orderly way13
1860179615Figure-Groundthe organization of the visual field into objects that stand out from their surroundings (the ground)14
1860179616Form Perceptionthe perceptual tendency to organize stimuli into coherent groups15
1860179617Proximitygroup nearby figures together16
1860179618simularitiesgroup figures that are simular17
1860179619continuityperceive continuous patterns18
1860179620connectednessspots, lines, and areas are seen as a unit when connected19
1860179621closurefill in the gaps20
1860179622depth perceptionthe ability to see things in 3-D and allow us to judge distance21
1866176787Visual cliffGibson & wak suggested that human infants have depth perception22
1866180471Binocular cuesRequire both eyes23
1866183974Monocular cuesAvailable to each eye separately24
1866187856Retinal disparityImages from 2 eyes differ; closer the object, longer the disparity25
1866201063ConvergenceNeuromuscular cue; 2 eyes move inward for near objects; brain uses angle at which eyes are turned to gauge distance26
1866203052Relative sizeSmaller image is more distant27
1866206468InterpositionIf one object partially blocks another, we perceive it as closer28
1866209467Relative clarityHazy objects are seen as more distant29
1866212977Texture gradientCourse objects appear closer and fine objects are distant30
1866216777Relative heightObjects higher in our field of vision appear far away; verticle rather than horizontal31
1866219809Relative motionCloser objects seem to move faster32
1866223107Linear perspectiveParallel lines seem to converge with distance33
1866229946Light and shadowCloser objects appear brighter, shading produces depth34
1866235716Motion perceptionObjects traveling towards us grow in size and those moving away shrink in size35
1866241274Phi phenomenonAn illusion of movement created when 2 or more adjacent lights blink on and off in succession36
1866248632Stroboscopic movementThe brain will interpret a rapid series of slightly varying images as continuous movement37
1866271801Perceptual constancyPerceiving objects as unchanging even as illumination and retinal images change38
1866278641SizeCar driving away appears smaller39
1866280487ShapeLook at a dinner plate from various angles40
1866282214LightnessShirt looks different in different light41
1866286918Template matchingOur brains have a template for everything we need to know and we match what we see to the templates42
1866296412Prototype matchingWe see what the best example of something is and see if they are close enough to match43
1866302216Feature AnalysisWe break down a feature into parts and analyze what it is44
1866311025Immanuel Kant and John LockeKnowledge comes from inborn way of organizing sensory experiences. Locke said through our experiences we learn to perceive the world.45
1866320626Blackmore and CooperKittens raised without exposure to horizontal lines later had difficulty perceiving horizontal bars46
1866330487Perceptual AdaptationVisual ability to adjust to an artificially displaced visual field. An example is prism glasses.47
1866335388Perceptual SetA mental predisposition to perceive one thing and not another.48
1866339691Perception/Human FactorExplores how humans and machines interact and how ,achenes and physical environments can be adapted to human behaviors.49
1866345287Extrasensory Perception(ESP)The controversial claim that perception can occur apart from sensory input.50
1866363411ParapsychologistsPeople who study beyond normal occurrence.51
1866366054TelepathyMind-mind communication52
1866368433ClairvoyancePerceiving remote events.53
1866370825PrecognitionPerceiving future events.54
1866375025PsychokinesisMind over matter55

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