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Period 4: AP World History Flashcards

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13915308874AbsolutismA form of government in which the ruler is an absolute dictator0
13915312878AstrolabeInstrument that uses star to find latitude1
13915329475Atlantic Slave TradeTrade across the Atlantic from Africa to Europe to North America2
13915336857Balance of PowerCondition of roughly equal strength between opposing countries or alliances of countries3
13915341050Biological diffusionGlobal diffusion of plants and food4
13915356116BoyarsRussian nobles5
13915360253CodicesMayan texts on long sheets written in bright color6
13915369566Colinizationthe process of colonizing land7
13915377142Columbian ExchangeExchange of plants animals and ideas from New and Old World8
13915383966ConduitsAgencies and private companies9
13915394869ConquistadoresSpanish conquerors of the New World10
13915401603CreolesSpanish born in Latin America11
13915410928Debt PeonageA system of binding a person to slavery to pay off a debt12
13915443037DevshirmeOttoman policy of taking boys for military service13
13915448673DhimmiPeople who live in Muslim Land but are not Muslim14
13915463929Divine rightMonarchy is given by God15
13915470298EncomiendaA grant of land made by Spain in exchange for the conversion of all Amerindians in the area to Christianity16
13915482862EnlightenmentA philosophical movement that emphasized science and reason to society17
13915491750HaciendaSpanish plantations in the Americas18
13915500644harem"sacred place"; the private domain of an Ottoman sultan, where he and his wives resided19
13915504282Indentured servantSomeone who was bound to labor for a certain amount of time in exchange for travel20
13915510853JanissariesOttoman soldiers who had been converted to Islamic beliefs21
13915517672joint-stock companyA company that is made up of share holders who buy into a company22
13915530862Literacythe number of people who read in an area23
13915534451Local resistance- food riots - Samurai revolts - Peasant uprisings24
13915540647Manila GalleonSpanish trade ships that sailed across the Pacific Ocean25
13915552649MaroonA slave who ran away from his owner26
13915557707MercantilismAn economic policy under which nations sought to increase their wealth and power by obtaining large amounts of gold and silver and by selling more goods than they bought27
13915561252MestizoA person of mixed Spanish and Native American ancestry28
13915566125MulattoesPeople of African and European descent29
13915570450Middle PassageA voyage that brought enslaved Africans across the Atlantic Ocean to North America30
13915581628PeninsularesSpanish-born, came to Latin America; ruled, highest social class31
13915584760Plantation systemAgricultural production with many slaves32
13915587982Predominancepre-destined superiority33
13915597232Protestantismthe faith, practice, and church order of the Protestant churches.34
13915601366RepartimientoSpanish forcing of Natives to do slave labor for a certain amount of time35
13915611274royal charted monopolyAssociation of trade companies and merchants who controlled all of explored areas under a royal degree36
13915628201Scientific revolutionMajor change in European thought too a more scientific outlook on society37
13915632423SikhismMonotheistic doctrines in Northern India combining Hinduism and Islam38
13915639572Social contractAn agreement between the people and their government signifying their consent to be governed39
13915642550Triangular TradeTrade between Europe, America, and Africa40
13915648447Viccroya governor who rules in the name of a king41
13915654953VodunAfrican religious ideas and practices among descendants of African slaves42
13915658144Westernizationadoption of western ideas, technology, and culture43
13915663771ZenThe Japanese word for a branch of Mahayana Buddhism based on highly disciplined meditation44

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