AP World History period 5: 1750-1900.
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| 1428265326 | What made fossil fuel exploitation possible? What types of fossil fuels were most commonly used between 1750 and 1900? | Development of machines (steam and internal combustion engines); coal and oil | 0 | |
| 1428265327 | The "____________________" revolution greatly increased the energy available to human societies. | "fossil fuels" | 1 | |
| 1428265328 | What are 2 important changes that occurred as a result of the development of the factory system? | 1. Concentrated labor into a single location 2. Led to increased degree of specialization of labor | 2 | |
| 1428265329 | Where did the new methods of production spread from? Where did they spread to? | Spread from Northwest Europe to other parts of Europe, the United States, Russia, and Japan. | 3 | |
| 1428265330 | When was the "second industrial revolution"? What methods of production did it involve? | Second half of the nineteenth century; new methods of production in steel, chemicals, electricity, and precision machiery | 4 | |
| 1428265331 | What led to new patterns of global trade further integration of the global economy between 1750 and 1900? | Industrialists sought raw materials and new markets for the increasing amount and array of goods produced in their factories. | 5 | |
| 1428265332 | What needs led to the growth of export economies that specialized in "single natural resources"? Examples? What were the profits used for? | Need of raw materials and greater food supply; profits used to purchase finished goods. Ex. cotton, palm oil, sugar, wheat, meat, guano, metals, and minerals | 6 | |
| 1428265333 | What led to the decline of agriculturally based economies between 1750 and 1900? Example? | Rapid increase of productivity caused by industrial production; Ex. textile production in India | 7 | |
| 1428265334 | The rapid development of industrial production encouraged industrialized states to seek out new _____________________ for their finished goods. Provide some examples: | "consumer markets"; Ex. British and French attempts to "open" the Chinese economy | 8 | |
| 1428265335 | What led to the development of extensive mining centers between 1750 and 1900? Examples? | Metals and global demand for gold, silver, and diamonds; Ex. copper mines in Mexico and gold/diamond mines in South Africa | 9 | |
| 1428265336 | Who provided the ideological inspiration for economic changes between 1750 and 1900? | Adam Smith and John Stuart Mill | 10 | |
| 1428265337 | What "financial instruments" came into extensive use between 1750 and 1900? | Stock markets, insurance, gold standard, and limited liability corporations | 11 | |
| 1428265338 | What major transportation and communication developments occurred between 1750 and 1900? | Railroads, steamships, telegraphs, and canals | 12 | |
| 1428265339 | What gains did newly developed workers' organization hope to achieve? | Better working conditions, limited hours, and gain increased wages | 13 | |
| 1428265340 | Why did some workers promote alternative visions of society? Examples? | Opposed capitalist exploitation of workers; Ex. Utopian socialism, Marxism, and anarchism | 14 | |
| 1428265341 | What imperial governments from the era 1750-1900 resisted economic change and attempt to maintain pre-industrial forms of economic production? | Qing China and Ottoman Empires | 15 | |
| 1428265342 | What are some examples of state-sponsored visions of industrialization? | Economic reforms in Meiji Japan, development of factories and railroads in Tsarist Russia, China's Self-Strengthening movement, and Muhammad Ali's development of a cotton textile industry in Egypt | 16 | |
| 1428265343 | What are some examples of reforms that some regions instituted in response to criticism of global capitalism? | State pensions and public health in Germany, expansion of suffrage in Britain and public education | 17 | |
| 1428265344 | What new classes developed between 1750 and 1900? | Middle class and industrial working class | 18 | |
| 1428265345 | What changes occurred in family life and gender roles between 1750 and 1900? | Family dynamics, gender roles, and demographics changed | 19 | |
| 1428265346 | What changes occurred as a result of rapid urbanization between 1750 and 1900? | Unsanitary conditions and new forms of community | 20 | |
| 1428265347 | Which states' existing colonies were strengthened between 1750 and 1900? | British in India and the Dutch in Indonesia | 21 | |
| 1428265348 | Which states established new empires throughout Asia and the Pacific between 1750 and 1900? | British, Dutch, French, Germans, Russians, Americans, and Japanese | 22 | |
| 1428265349 | Which states' influence declined between 1750 and 1900? | Spain and Portugal | 23 | |
| 1428265350 | Which states established settler colonies between 1750 and 1900? Where? | Britain - South Africa, Australia, and New Zealand France - Algeria | 24 | |
| 1428265351 | What economic practice did many powerful states employ outside of their established empire between 1750 and 1900? Examples? | Economic imperialism; Ex. British and French in China with the Opium Wars, or British and U.S. heavy investment in Latin America | 25 | |
| 1428265352 | What influenced the emergence of Meiji Japan? | Expansion of U.S. and European influence over Tokugawa Japan | 26 | |
| 1428265353 | Who emulated European transoceanic imperialism between 1750 and 1900? | The United States and Russia | 27 | |
| 1428265354 | How was the Ottoman Empire affected by anti-imperial resistance? Examples? | Led to the contraction of the Ottoman Empire; Ex. establishment of independent states in the Balkans, semi-independence in Egypt, French & Italian colonies in North Africa, and British influence in Egypt | 28 | |
| 1428265355 | What are some examples of states that developed at the edges of existing empires between 1750 and 1900? | Cherokee nation, Siam, Hawai'i, and the Zulu Kingdom | 29 | |
| 1428265356 | What new ideology helped to foster new communal identities between 1750 and 1900? Examples? | Nationalism; Ex. German nation, Filipino nationalism, and Liberian nationalism | 30 | |
| 1428265357 | How was imperialism often justified? | New racial ideologies; Ex. Social Darwinism | 31 | |
| 1428265358 | What are the defining characteristics "enlightenment thought" and role did it play in politics between 1750 and 1900? | Questioned established traditions in all areas of life; preceded revolutions and rebellions against government | 32 | |
| 1428265359 | List some examples of "thinkers" (intellectuals) from the enlightenment era. What did they encourage? What did they critique? What did their political ideas focus on? | Voltaire & Rosseau; encouraged observation and inference; critiqued role religion played in public life; political ideas focused on individual, natural rights, and the social contract | 33 | |
| 1428265360 | List 3 important examples of revolutionary documents from the enlightenment era: | 1. American Declaration of Independence 2. French Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen 3. Bolivar's Jamaica Letter | 34 | |
| 1428265361 | What major social and political shifts did Enlightenment thinking inspire between 1750 and 1900? | expansion of rights, abolition of slavery, and the end of serfdom | 35 | |
| 1428265362 | Between 1750 and 1900, newly imagined national communities were built around a sense of commonality typically based on what four things? | 1. language 2. religion 3. social customs 4. territory | 36 | |
| 1428265363 | What centralized imperial governments witnessed rebellions/revolutions between 1750 and 1900? | Wahhabi rebellion against Ottomans Challange of Marathas to Mughal sultans | 37 | |
| 1428265364 | American colonial rebellions facilitated the emergence of independent states in what regions? | U.S., Haiti, and mainland Latin America | 38 | |
| 1428265365 | What are the 4 major independence movements that occurred between 1750 and 1900? | 1. American Revolution 2. French Revolution 3. Haitian Revolution 4. Latin American independence movements | 39 | |
| 1428265366 | What areas witnessed significant slave resistance between 1750 and 1900? | Brazil, Cuba, and the Guyanas | 40 | |
| 1428265367 | Name two anticolonial movements that occurred in Asia between 1750 and 1900? What inspired these movements? | Indian Revolt and Boxer Rebellion; questions about political authority and growing nationalism | 41 | |
| 1428265368 | Name several important rebellions between 1750-1900 that were based on religious beliefs/millenarianism. | Taiping Rebellion, The Ghost Dance, and the Xhosa Cattle-Killing Movement | 42 | |
| 1428265369 | What are some examples of imperial reforms that were implemented in response increasing rebellions between 1750 and 1900? | Tanzimat Movement and the Self-Strengthening Movement | 43 | |
| 1428265370 | What new political ideologies were inspired by the rebellions of 1750-1900? | liberalism, socialism, and communism | 44 | |
| 1428265371 | What are some examples of the challenges to gender hierarchies between 1750 and 1900? | demands for women's suffrage and an emergent feminism | 45 | |
| 1428265372 | What influenced migration between 1750 and 1900? | changes in demography that presented challenges to existing living patterns | 46 | |
| 1428265373 | What contributed to global rise in population between 1750 and 1900? | Changes in food production and improving medical conditions | 47 | |
| 1428265374 | What influenced the significant global urbanization of the 19th century? | The nature of new modes of transportation | 48 | |
| 1428265375 | What sorts of individuals chose to relocate in search of work between 1750 and 1900? | manual laborers and specialized professionals | 49 | |
| 1428265376 | What types of labor did the global capitalist community continue to rely on between 1750 and 1900? List some examples. | coerced and semi-coerced labor migration; Ex. slavery, Chinese and Indian indentured servitude, and convict labor | 50 | |
| 1428265377 | Provide some example of temporary and seasonal migrants who returned to their home societies rather than permanently relocating. | Japanese agricultural workers in the Pacific, Lebanese merchants in the Americas, and Italians in Argentina | 51 | |
| 1428265378 | Why did migrant workers of the 19th century tend to be male? How did this change women's roles in the home societies? | due to the physical nature of the labor in demand; left women to take on roles in the home society that were previously occupied by men | 52 | |
| 1428265379 | What are some examples of ethnic enclaves created by migrants in different parts of the world? | Chinese in SE Asia, the Caribbean, and the Americas; Indians in E & S Africa, the Caribbean, and SE Asia | 53 | |
| 1428265380 | What role did ethnic enclaves play in migrants' lives? | transplanted culture and facilitated the development of migrant support networks | 54 | |
| 1428265381 | What are some of the ways in which receiving societies reacted to immigrants? | 1. ethnic and racial prejudice 2. regulation of the increasing flow of people across their borders | 55 |
