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| 8345213593 | Describe the function of the mouth | physically breaks down food, mixes with saliva, digestion of starch with salivary enzymes, initiates the swallowing reflex | 0 | |
| 8345213594 | Describe the function of the esophagus | no digestion, bolus is rhythmically pushed down the esophagus by the muscles, mucus is secreted to make it slippery | 1 | |
| 8345213595 | Describe the function of the stomach | stores food until processing, forms chyme, controls movement of chyme into small intestine, mucus secreted, hydrochloric acid is secreted | 2 | |
| 8345213596 | Describe the function of the small intestine | finishes the process of digestion and absorption, hormonal messenger systems communicate with other organs to release bile and digestive enzymes, peristalsis continues | 3 | |
| 8345213597 | Describe the function of the large intestine | some digestion can occur by the naturally occurring bacteria that live in the colon, bacteria can synthesize some absorbable vitamin K | 4 | |
| 8345213598 | Describe the function of the liver | performs a wide variety of functions essential for life | 5 | |
| 8345213599 | Describe the function of the gallbladder | stores and concentrates bile, fat in the small intestine stimulates the production of the hormone cholecystokinin which causes the gallbladder to contract and release bile | 6 | |
| 8345213600 | Describe the function of the pancreas | regulates blood glucose levels through secretion of the hormones, insulin and glucagon into the blood secretes digestive enzyme | 7 | |
| 8345213601 | Describe catabolism | the breaking down of body compounds to release energy | 8 | |
| 8345213602 | What are 4 units the body can break down for energy and use to build body compounds? | glucose, fatty acids, glycerol, amino acids | 9 | |
| 8345213603 | Why do hiccups occur? | the muscle at the base of the lungs spasms (diaphragm) | 10 | |
| 8345213604 | What are some treatments to hiccups? | hold your breath, drink cold water quickly, drink upside-down, teaspoon of honey | 11 | |
| 8345213605 | Why does gas/flatulence occur? | way of getting rid of air swallowed, some foods cause gas because we cannot break them down | 12 | |
| 8345213606 | Why does constipation occur? | occurs when the colon absorbs too much water or if the muscle contractions are slow moving, stools can become hard or dry | 13 | |
| 8345213607 | What are some treatments for constipation? | most is temporary, but laxatives can help | 14 | |
| 8345213608 | When do hemorrhoids occur? | occur straining to have a bowel movement | 15 | |
| 8345213609 | What are some treatments for hemorrhoids? | treatments include tub baths in warm water for 10 minutes several times a day, or hemorrhoidal cream | 16 | |
| 8345213610 | How do changes in our present-day supply increase the risk for chronic disease? | we want fast food but our gene pool wants the lifestyle of the food of the ancient times | 17 | |
| 8345213611 | What does the term functional food mean? | foods that provide health benefits beyond basic nutrition due to physiological active components which may or may not have been manipulated or modified to enhance their activity | 18 | |
| 8345213612 | Identify 3 functional foods | soy, broccoli, flaxseed | 19 | |
| 8345280103 | Trace the order in which the bagel will move through the organs of the G,I Tracy | Mouth, stomach, small intestine, large intestine | 20 | |
| 8509151465 | Cells | The smallest units in which independent life can exist. All living things are single cells or organisms | 21 | |
| 8509151466 | Essential nutrients | Compounds that must be obtained from food because the body cannot produce them or can't produce enough to meet physiological needs | 22 | |
| 8509151467 | Hypothalamus | A part of the brain that senses a verity of conditions in the blood, such as a temperature, salt content, glucose content and others, signals other parts of the brain or body to change those conditions when necessary | 23 | |
| 8509151468 | Mouth | Glands in the base of the tongue secrete a fat digesting enzyme known as lingual lipase. Some hard fats begin to melt as they reach body temperature | 24 | |
| 8509151469 | Stomach | Stomach acid works to uncoil protein strands and activate stomach enzymes. Enzymes break the strands into smaller fragments. Vitamin B12 requires intrinsic factor produced by the stomach in order to be absorbed | 25 | |
| 8509151470 | Peristalsis | The wavelike squeezing motions of the stomach and intestines that digestive tract | 26 | |
| 8509151471 | Pylorus | Muscle that regulates the opening of the bottom on the stomach | 27 | |
| 8509151472 | Emulsifier | A compound with both water soluble and fat soluble portions that can attract lipids into water to form an emulsion | 28 | |
| 8509151473 | Bile | A compound mad from cholesterol by the liver, stored in the gallbladder, and secreted into the small intestine. It emulsifies lipids to ready them for enzymatic digestion | 29 | |
| 8509151474 | Hormone | A chemical messenger, secreted by one organ -a gland- in response to a condition in the body, that acts on another organ or organs to change that condition | 30 | |
| 8509315876 | Bicarbonate | A chemical that neutralizes acid, a secretion of the pancreas | 31 | |
| 8509315877 | Enzyme | A protein catalyst. A catalyst is a compound that facilitated -speeds up the rate of- a chemical reaction without itself being altered in the process | 32 | |
| 8509315878 | Lymph | A fluid outside the circulatory system that bathes the cells; derived from the blood by being pressed through the capillary walls; similar to the blood in composition but without red blood cells | 33 | |
| 8509315879 | Villi | Fingerlike projections of the sheet of cells that line the GI tract; the villi makes the surface area much greater than it would otherwise be -singular; villus- | 34 | |
| 8509315880 | Microvilli | Tint hairlike projections on each cell of the intestinal tract lining that can trap nutrient partials and translocate them into the cells -singular; microvillus- | 35 | |
| 8509315881 | Small intestines | The organ of digestion and absorption | 36 | |
| 8509315882 | Large intestine | Is the organ that eliminates the body's waste | 37 | |
| 8509315883 | Liver | The large, lobed organ that lies under the ribs and filters the blood, removing, processing and readying for redistribution many of its materials | 38 | |
| 8509315884 | Pancreas | A gland that secretes the endocrine hormone insulin and produces the exocrine secretions that aid in digestion in the small intestine | 39 | |
| 8509315885 | Endocrine | A term to describe a gland secreting or a hormone being secreted into the blood | 40 | |
| 8509315886 | Insulin | A hormone from the pancreas that helps glucose get into cells | 41 | |
| 8509315887 | Exocrine | Describes glands that secrete chemical messengers through a duct into a body cavity or onto the surface of the skin; exo means out | 42 | |
| 8509315888 | Capillaries | Minute, weblike blood vessels that connect arteries to veins and permit transfer of materials between blood and tissues | 43 | |
| 8509315889 | Veins | Blood vessels that carry used blood from the tissues back to the heart | 44 | |
| 8509315890 | When the body is depending solely on liver glycogen,the supply is used up within 3-6 hours | 45 | ||
| 8509315891 | The third energy nutrient protein is | Held in an available pool -amino acids- in the liver and blood, that is rather rapidly depleted during protein deficiency conditions | 46 | |
| 8509315892 | The breakdown of body compounds is know as? | Catabolism | 47 | |
| 8509315893 | Glycogen | Can be broken down to glucose, triglycerides to fatty acids and glycerol, and protein to amino acids | 48 | |
| 8509315894 | Anabolism | Is a process where glucose, aminos, glycerol, and fatty acids are used to build the body compounds | 49 | |
| 8509315895 | Chylomicron | A type of lipoprotein that transport newly digested fat - mostly triglyceride - from the intestine through lymph and blood | 50 | |
| 8509315896 | Lipoproteins | Clusters of lipids associated with proteins that serve as transport vehicles for lipids in the blood and lymph | 51 | |
| 8509315897 | Metabolism | Total of all chemical reactions that go on in living cells | 52 | |
| 8509315898 | Energy metabolism | All reactions by which the body obtains and expands the energy from food or body stores | 53 |
