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Pgs:214-227 Flashcards

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324366846UrbanizationA natural outgrowth of the increased efficiencies in farming and agriculture.0
324366847Domestic SystemEarly industrial labor system in which workers produced goods at home.1
324366848Eli WhitneyInvented the cotton gin, thereby allowing massive amounts of cotton to be quickly processed in the Americas and exported to Europe.2
324366849EnclosurePublic lands that were shared during the Middle Ages were enclosed by fences, which allowed for private farming and private gain.3
324366850George StephensonBuilt the first steampowered locomotive.4
324366851Interchangeable PartsIdentical components that can be used in place of one another in manufactoring.5
324366852Free Market SystemPure capitalism, in which all economic decisions are made without government intervention.6
324366853Karl MaxA German economist and philosopher who spent a good part of his adult life living in poverty.7
324366854SocialismA political theory advocating state ownership of industry.8
324366855CommunismA form of socialism that abolishes private ownership9
324366856LudditesA group of workers who destroyed equipment in factories in the middle of the night to protest working conditions and pitiful wages.10
324394799Factory Act of 1883Limited hours of each workday, restricted children from working in factories, and required factory owners to make working conditions safer and cleaner.11
324394800MobilityThe ability of a person to work his way up from one social class to the next.12
324394801Opium WarWar between Britain and the Qing Empire that was, in the British view, occasioned by the Qing government's refusal to permit the importation of opium into its territories. The victorious British imposed the one-sided Treaty of Nanking on China.13
324394802Treaty of NanjingThe first of what came to be known as the "unequal treaties," by which Britain was given considerable rights to expand trade with China.14
324625032Boxer ProtocolDemanded that China not only pay the Europeans and the Japanese the costs associated with the rebellion but also apologize.15
324625033Sino-French WarA war fought between China and France in 1883 in which the Chinese lost control of Vietnam to the French where they established Indochina.16
324625034Treaty of Shimonoseki(1895) China was forced to hand over control of Taiwan and grant the Japanese trading rights similar to those it had granted the Europeans.17
324625035Treaty of Kanagawa(1854) Treaty between Japan and the US. Japan agreed to open two ports to American ships.18
324625036Why did South Africans organize the African National Congress?In an effort to oppose European colonialism and specific South African policies.19
324625037Spheres of InfluenceAreas in which the European powers invested heavily, built military bases, and set up business, transportation, and communication operations.20
324625038Open Door PolicyA policy proposed by the US in 1899, under which ALL nations would have equal opportunities to trade in China.21
324625039Indian National CongressWas formed by Indians to begin the path toward independence.22
324625040Explain the Taiping RebellionThe Taipings were led by a religious zealot claiming to be the brother of Jesus, recruited an army nearly a million strong and nearly succeeded in bringing down the Manchu government.23
324625041White Lotus RebellionsPeasant rebellion against the Qing dynasty led by the Buddhist cult known as the White Lotus Society.24

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