Terms : Hide Images
| 404737597 | Autotrophs | organisms that make their own food | |
| 404737598 | Photoautotrophs | organisms that use light to make their own food | |
| 404737599 | Chemoautotrophs | Organisms that use chemicals to make their own food | |
| 404737600 | Example of an autotroph | Plants | |
| 404737601 | Heterotrophs | Organisms that obtain energy from food they consume | |
| 404737602 | What is the structural difference between ATP and ADP? | ATP has three phosphates, and ADP has two phosphates. When ATP's energy has been used it becomes ADP | |
| 404737603 | Basic source of energy in most cells | ATP | |
| 404737604 | Stores 90 times more chemical energy that ATP | Glucose | |
| 404737605 | What question did Van Helmont ask | Did plants get larger by taking material out of the soil | |
| 404737606 | What did Van Helmont find out | Plant mass does not come from water. He incorrectly surmised that the additional mass came from water, but the bulk of the mass really came from air | |
| 404737607 | What did Van Helmont not realize | Mass came from Carbon too! | |
| 404737608 | What did Priestly ask? | What in the air kept candles burning | |
| 404737609 | What did Priestly find out | Plants produced this substance (oxygen) | |
| 404737610 | What did Ingenhousz show? | He showed that light is needed for plants and animal's survival | |
| 404737611 | Plants use this process to convert sunlight into food | Photosynthesis | |
| 404737612 | What is the equation of photosynthesis in your own words? (5 parts, 2 points.) | Carbon Dioxide+Water--->with sunlight=Oxygen+sugars | |
| 404737613 | What are the principle pigments involved in photosynthesis | Chlorophyll A and B | |
| 404737614 | What organelle are the pigments located in? | Chloroplast | |
| 404737615 | Chlorophyll A and B absorb what three areas of the visible spectrum? | Red, blue, and violet | |
| 404737616 | What are the two parts to photosynthesis? | Light dependent and light independent (or calvin cycle and dark cycle) | |
| 404737617 | Where in the chlorplast does the light dependent reaction take place | Thylakoid | |
| 404737618 | What are the two products produced in the light dependent reaction? | Oxygen (gas) and Atp energy | |
| 404737619 | What are some factors that affect the rates of photosynthesis? | Amount of co2, Light intensity, and color of light | |
| 404737620 | What did the bubbles represent in the light intensity lab? | the amount of oxygen released | |
| 404737621 | What happens when you move a plant further from the light? | The bubble amount decreases | |
| 404737622 | Possible short term effects of large volcanic eruptions? | All the plants would die because of lack of sunlight, as a result of the sun being blocked | |
| 404737623 | Possible long term effects on plants a long term effect | organisms that depend on plants start to die off | |
| 404737624 | Small holes on the underside of the leaf allowing gas exchange? | Stomata | |
| 404737625 | What gas escapes through the holes? | Oxygen | |
| 404737626 | What liquid escapes through the holes? | Water | |
| 404737627 | What gas moves into the holes? | Carbon Dioxide | |
| 404737628 | When would a plant close the stomata? | They would close the stomata in hot environment to prevent the loss of water | |
| 404737629 | When would the plant open its stomata? | To release Oxygen and water and take in Co2 | |
| 404737630 | cellular respiration | Process that releases energy by breaking down food in the presence of oxygen | |
| 404737631 | Process that releases energy from food in the absence of oxygen? | fermentation! two types alcoholic and lactic acid | |
| 404737632 | What is the formula for cellular respiration (five parts) in your own words? | sugar + O2 + -> Co2 + Energy + Water | |
| 404737633 | What unit of measurement is used to energy in food? | Calorie | |
| 404737634 | Name of the first step of cellular respiration and fermentation? | Glycolysis | |
| 404737635 | What are the two products of glycolysis? | ATP and pyruvic acid | |
| 404737636 | Where inside the cell does respiration take place? | Mitochondrion | |
| 404737637 | The pathway for cellular respiration requires oxygen, meaning that it is........ | Aerobic | |
| 404737638 | Fermentation occurs in the absence of oxygen, meaning that the environment is... | Anaerobic | |
| 404737639 | What are the two types of fermentation? | Lactic acid and Alcoholic | |
| 404737640 | What are the products of alcoholic fermentation? | Alcohol + Energy + Co2 | |
| 404737641 | Name one organisms that uses alcoholic fermentation? | Yeast | |
| 404737642 | What are the products of lactic acid fermentation? | Lactic Acid + Energy + Co2 | |
| 404737643 | Name one organism or part of the body that uses lactic acid fermentation? | Muscles | |
| 404737644 | The second stage, cellular respiration, is known as what? | The Krebs Cycle | |
| 404737645 | How many ATP are produced during the Krebs Cycle? | 34 ATP | |
| 404737646 | Total ATP production from cellular respiration per glucose? | 36 ATP | |
| 404737647 | Total ATP production from fermentation per glucose? | 2 ATP | |
| 404737648 | Why does smoking increase respiration rate? | It is harder to breath so that means you need to breath more to get the amount of actual oxygen into yourself | |
| 404737649 | Why does your respiration rate increase after exercise? | Repay Oxygen debt | |
| 404737650 | Why do some athletes train at altitude? | Create more RBC's (Red Blood Cells) in their body from the lower partial pressure of the atmosphere | |
| 404737651 | Why do some athletes inhale pure oxygen? | For a quick recovery | |
| 404737652 | What are some factors that affect the rate of respiration in yeast? | Type of Sugar, temperature of water, amount of water/sugar/yeast | |
| 404737653 | How was respiration measured in the yeast respiration lab? | It was measured by the amount of co2 bubbles that were released | |
| 404737654 | How was respiration measured in the effects of exercise in the respiration lab? | the change in color of a CO2 absorbent material | |
| 404746604 | What is the role of temperature in respiration? | The warmer the temp, the active and stronger reaction | |
| 404746605 | Why does fermentation exist if it is less efficient than cellular respiration? | So organisms that live in anaerobic areas can produce their own energy | |
| 404746606 | What is a calorie? | The amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water 1 degree Celsius. | |
| 404746607 | How are calories measured in food? | 1000 calories per 1 Calorie in food | |
| 404746608 | What is the difference between proteins, carbs and lipids in terms of energy production? | Carb - 3.7 kcal (almost 4 calories) Protein - 4 kcal Fat - 9 kcal | |
| 404746609 | ATP and ADP | ATP provides a chemical fuel that cells need and is potential for energy release. ATP is basic energy source for all cells. The role of ATP : 1. Active transport 2. Building proteins 3. Cell response and communication | |
| 404746610 | Chemical storage | ADP is short term energy storage and Glucose is long term storage. | |
| 404746611 | Light Absorption spectrum | The different wavelengths of the visible spectrum as different colors. There are seven colors. (Red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet) | |
| 404746612 | Photosynthesis | (6)CO2 + (6)H2O -----> C6H12O6 + (6)O2 Photosynthesis uses the sunlight energy to convert water and CO2 into high energy sugars and O2 | |
| 404746613 | Chloroplasts | Chloroplasts contain thylakoids (saclike photosynthetic membranes), and stroma (outside of thylakoids) | |
| 404746614 | Chlorophyll | Chlorophyll is the major pigment in plants. Chlorophyll a - Bluish Green Chlorophyll b - Yellowish green | |
| 404746615 | Pigments | Pigments are light absorbing molecules. Plants reflect the color that was not absorbed, and people too. ex:Carotene-Reflect orange Xanthophyll- Reflect yellow (?) Anthocyanin - Reflect red | |
| 404746616 | Light dependent reactions | Light dependent reaction takes place within Thylakoid membranes. This reactions requires sunlight and produces oxygen gas and stores energy. | |
| 404746617 | Light independent reactions | Light independent reactions (Dark cycle, Calvin cycle) takes place in stroma. This reaction doesn't require sunlight, uses ATP and CO2 from the air to produce high - energy sugar (starch). Finally, the plant grows! | |
| 404746618 | Factors | 1. Temperature 2. Light intensity 3. Water | |
| 404746619 | Cellular respiration | C6H12O6 + O2 -----> CO2 + H2O + Energy (ATP) | |
| 404746620 | Glycolysis | During glycolysis, 1 molecules of glucose (6 - carbon compound) is transformed into 2 molecules of pyruvic acid (3 - carbon compound). Glycolysis produces 2 ATP molecules. | |
| 404746621 | Krebs Cycle | Pyruvic acid breaks down into carbon dioxide and 34 molecules of ATP. Krebs cycle takes place in Mitochondria. | |
| 404746622 | Electron Transport | The last part of respiration. The electron transport chain uses the high energy electrons from glycolysis and the Krebs cycle to convert ADP into ATP. Electron Transport takes place in Mitochondria. | |
| 404746623 | Fermentation | Anaerobic way of generating energy. Only results in two ATP. There are two kinds Alcoholic and Lactic acid fermentation. EX. Muscles produce lactic acid. Yeast produces alcohol. | |
| 404746624 | Glucose | High energy sugars | |
| 404746625 | Energy and Exercise | Sprinting - Require high energy, short time Distance running - |
