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Physiology - Chapter 1: An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology Flashcards

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4862679748anatomical positiona standard position of the body: standing up, facing directly forward and arms hanging down at the sides with palms facing forward. This position is used as a reference to describe sites or motions of parts of the body.0
4862679749anatomythe study of internal and external parts of the body parts1
4862679751frontal (coronal) planealso called the coronal plane, runs along the long axis of the body. This plane extends laterally (side to side), dividing the body into anterior and posterior portions.2
4862679752homeostasisrefers to the existence of a stable internal environment3
4862679754peritoneuma chamber lined by a serous membrane4
4862679755physiologythe study of the function of parts of the body5
4862679757sagittal planeruns along the long axis of the body, but it extends anteriorly and posteriorly (front and back). This plane divides the body into left and right portions.6
4862679758horizontal (transverse) planelies at right angles to the long (head-to-toe) axis of the body, dividing the body into superior and inferior portions.7
4862679760midsagittal (median) planea vertical plane through the midline of the body that divides the body into right and left halves (close to sagittal plane)8
4862679761parasagittal planeany plane that divides the body into left and right portions, parallel to the sagittal plane, but not directly in the midline. Thus divides the body into unequal left and right portions.9
4862679764anterior (ventral)refers to the front of the human body10
4862679765posterior (dorsal)further back in position; of or nearer the rear or hind end, especially of the body or a part of it11
4862679766superior (cranial)refer to what is above something. In the anatomical position, this is the head12
4862679767inferior (caudal)refer to what is below something. In the anatomical position, these are the feet.13
4862679768medial (mesial)pertaining to the middle; in or towards the middle. For example, the ________ side of the knee is the side closest to the other knee, whereas the lateral side of the knee is the outside of the knee14
4862679769lateralthe side of the body or a body part that is farther from the middle or center of the body15
4862679772proximalsituated nearer to the center of the body or the point of attachment.16
4862679773distalsituated farthest from point of attachment or origin, as of a limb or bone17
4862679774intermediatethe relative location of an anatomical structure lying between two other structures18
4862679775superficial (external)on the surface or shallow. The skin is ________ to the muscles. The cornea is on the _________ surface of the eye.19
4862679776deep (internal)away from the surface or further into the body. The bones are _______ to the skin.20
4862679777centralat or near the center21
4862679778peripheralaway from the central22
4862679779parietalof, relating to, attached to, or denoting the wall of the body or of a body cavity or hollow structure23
4862679780deepThe bones are generally located ________ to the muscles24
4862679781medialThe nose is ________ to the ears25
4862679782superiorThe nose is ________ to the mouth26
4862679783inferiorThe heels are on the ________ surface of the body27
4862679784superiorThe thigh is ________ to the knee28
4862679785proximalThe thumbs are ________ to the other fingers29
4862679786inferiorThe eyes are ________ to the eyebrows30
4862679787anteriorThe sternum (breastbone) is ________ to the heart31
4862679788distalThe wrist is _______ to the elbow32
4862679789superficialThe skin is ________ to the muscles33
4862679790anteriorThe surface of the human opposite the surface containing the backbone is the ________ surface34
4862679792lateralIn preparation for a spinal tap, Mrs. Smith was asked to lie on her side with there ________ surface exposed35
4862679793inferiorThe stomach is ________ to the heart36
4862679794proximalThe knee is ________ to the thigh37
4862679795proximalThe foot is ________ to the knee38
4862679796distalThe hand is ______ to the shoulder39
4862679797distalThe elbow is ______ to the hand40
4862679798superficialThe skin is ________ to the vicera41
4862679799inferiorThe chin is ________ to the nose42
4862679800lateralThe big to a is ________ to the little toe43
4862679801medialThe left ear is ________ to the left eye44
4862679802lateralA nostril with respect to the septum separating the two nostrils is _______45
4862679803distalThe tip of the middle finger with reference to the palm of the hand is ________46
4862679804proximalThe elbow with respect to the wrist is ________47

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