sexual reproduction terms
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| 62267244 | stamen | male organ including anther and filament | |
| 62267245 | pistil | female organ including stigma, style, and ovary | |
| 62267246 | pollen | contain half of the plant's genome | |
| 62267247 | zygote | first cell of the next generation | |
| 62267248 | embryo | offspring plant at its early development stage | |
| 62267249 | gametes | sperm and egg cells | |
| 62267250 | meiosis | a type of cell division that results in four N gametes produced from a 2N (diploid) cell | |
| 62267251 | selective breeding | pollen from plants with desirable traits is crossed with other plants exhibiting desirable traits | |
| 62267252 | cuttings | pieces of stems, roots, leaves that contain meristematic tissue, placed in a nurturing medium so that they can develop into a plant. | |
| 62267253 | tissue culture | cells extracted from a plant and then replicated, then placed in a medium, they grow into plants | |
| 62267254 | callus | a mass of cells | |
| 62476689 | auxin | hormone responsible for cell elongation, leaf development, root elongation in small concentrations only | |
| 62476690 | cytokinin | hormone that regulates/causes cell division | |
| 62476691 | ethylene | hormone that controls fruit ripening and leaf development | |
| 62476692 | gibberellin | hormone that promotes seed and leaf bud germination, stem elongation, and leaf development | |
| 62476693 | abscisic acid | hormone that promotes bud development | |
| 62476694 | phytochrome | controls flowering | |
| 63230864 | agrobacterium tumefaciens | bacterium that transfers the Ti plasmid to plants | |
| 63230865 | neomycin phototransferase | selection gene coding for enzyme that confers kanamycin resistance | |
| 63230866 | GUS gene | selection gene that produces a new enzyme that breaks down certain carbohydrates, specifically X-Gluc | |
| 63230867 | arabidopsis thaliana | a model organism that is used in trying out genetic modification of plants | |
| 63230868 | plant based pharmaceuticals | human pharmaceuticals being produced in plants | |
| 63231244 | endosperm | surrounds the embryo and provides nutrition to the embryo | |
| 63425149 | monocot | has one cotyledon, parallel veins, flower parts in multiples of 3 | |
| 63425150 | dicot | angiosperm with two cotyledons inside its seed, flower parts in multiples of four or five, and vascular bundles in rings | |
| 63425151 | diploid | containing two sets of haploid chromosomes from both parents | |
| 63425152 | haploid | containing only one set of chromosomes | |
| 63425153 | inbreeding | the breeding of closely related organisms in order to increase the likelihood of expressing recessive alleles of a genes in the offspring | |
| 63425154 | hydroponics | the growth of plants in a soil-free, water-based medium that contains the necessary ingredients for plant growth | |
| 63425155 | monohybrid cross | a breeding experiment where only one gene is being studied | |
| 63425156 | dihybrid cross | a breeding experiment where two genes are being studied at the same time | |
| 63425157 | asexual plant propagation | the process by which identical offspring are produced by a single parent | |
| 63425158 | meristematic nodes | where branches or leaves attach to the stem | |
| 63425159 | apical meristem | Embryonic plant tissue in the tips of roots and in the buds of shoots that supplies cells for the plant to grow in length | |
| 63425790 | meristem | undifferentiated tissue (meristematic cells) found in the zones of the plant where growth can take place | |
| 63426295 | seed germination | when the seed absorbs water, triggering the embryo to start mitosis | |
| 63430406 | polygenic | traits that result from the expression of several different genes. since there are more genes expressed, there are more possible phenotypic outcomes of the genes |
