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| 5199750129 | Fluid Mosaic Model | Structural model of a selectively permeable membrane where molecules are flexible and free to move sideways within a phospholipid bilayer. |  | 0 |
| 5199750130 | Phospholipid | A molecule with a phosphate group, glycerol, and two fatty acids that makes up the inner bilayer of the plasma membrane, having a polar, hydrophilic head and a non-polar, hydrophobic tail. |  | 1 |
| 5199750131 | Carrier | A protein that allows the transport of specific substances across a cell membrane is called a ________________ protein. |  | 2 |
| 5199750132 | Cholesterol | A nonpolar molecule that strenghens the plasma membrane and impedes passage of small hydrophyllic molecules |  | 3 |
| 5199750133 | Glycoprotein | A carbohydrate that attaches to a membrane protein forming a that is part of the cells mechanism to recognize and communicate with other cells. |  | 4 |
| 5199750134 | Polar Head | Part of the phospholipids that make up the bilayer that is oriented to the outside; hydrophilic |  | 5 |
| 5199750135 | Non-polar tails | long fatty acid carbon chains that makes up phospholipid molecule and are highly hydrophobic. | | 6 |
| 5199750136 | Passive Transport | The movement of materials through a cell membrane without using extra energy. |  | 7 |
| 5199750137 | Diffusion | Movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. |  | 8 |
| 5199750138 | Hypertonic | A solution in which the concentration of solutes is greater than that of the cell that resides in the solution |  | 9 |
| 5199750139 | Active Transport | The movement of materials through a cell membrane using energy. |  | 10 |
| 5199750140 | Facilitated Diffusion | When substances transport across cell membranes using protein carrier molecules but not using energy. | | 11 |
| 5199750141 | Exocytosis | The process in which a vesicle inside a cell fuses with a cell membrane and releases its contents to the external environment |  | 12 |
| 5199750142 | Endocytosis | The process by which a cell membrane surrounds a particle and encloses the particle in a vesicle to bring the particle into the cell |  | 13 |
| 5199750143 | Protein pump | molecular mechanism which moves molecules across a cellular energy with the use of energy |  | 14 |
| 5199750144 | Plasma Membrane | A thin, phospholipid and protein molecule bilayer that encapsulates a cell and controls the movement of materials in and out of the cell through active or passive transport. |  | 15 |
| 5199750145 | Bilayer | a film two molecules thick (formed e.g. by phospholipids), in which each molecule is arranged with its hydrophobic end directed inwards towards the opposite side of the film and its hydrophilic end directed outwards. |  | 16 |
| 5199750146 | Transport Protein | A membrane protein that is responsible for moving hydrophilic substances from one side to the other. |  | 17 |
| 5199750147 | Protein Pore | A membrane protein, specifically a transport protein, that has a hydrophilic channel that certain molecules or atomic ions use as a tunnel. |  | 18 |
| 5199750148 | Cholesterol | A lipid that forms an essential component of animal cell membranes and acts as a precursor molecule for the synthesis of other biologically important steroids. |  | 19 |
| 5199750149 | Turgor Pressure | The osmotic pressure inside of a cell as a cell pushes itself against the cell wall. |  | 20 |
| 5199750150 | Carbohydrate | A group of nutrients that provides energy, sugars, and starches. |  | 21 |
| 5199750151 | Hypotonic | A solution in which the concentration of solutes is less than that of the cell that resides in the solution |  | 22 |
| 5199750152 | Isotonic | A solution in which the concentration of solutes is essentially equal to that of the cell which resides in the solution | | 23 |
| 5199750153 | Plasmolysis | A phenomenon in walled cells in which the cytoplasm shrivels and the plasma membrane pulls away from the cell wall when the cell loses water to a hypertonic environment |  | 24 |
| 5199750154 | Cytolysis | This happens when a cell swells until pressure bursts it, resulting in cell death. |  | 25 |
| 5199750155 | Phagocytosis | A type of endocytosis in which a cell engulfs large particles or whole cells |  | 26 |
| 5199750156 | Hydrophilic | Water loving | | 27 |
| 5199750157 | Hydrophobic | Water hating | | 28 |
| 5199750159 | Concentration Gradient | A difference in the concentration of a substance from one location to another and the driving force of simple diffusion. |  | 29 |
| 5199750160 | Osmosis | The movement of water from a high concentraton to a low concentrations across a selectively permeable membrane |  | 30 |
| 5199750161 | Selective Permeability | a property of cell membranes that allows some substances to pass through, while others cannot |  | 31 |
| 5199750162 | Contractile Vacuole | The cell structure that collects extra water from the cytoplasm and then expels it from the cell |  | 32 |
| 7679998035 | Aquaporins | water channel proteins that allow large amounts of water to pass through cell membranes |  | 33 |
| 7680023006 | Sodium-potassium pump | a carrier protein that actively transports K+ ions into and Na+ ions out of cells to maintain membrane potential |  | 34 |
| 7680029274 | Vesicle | Large molecule cross membranes via a small, membrane-bound sac called a ______ | 35 | |
| 7680040728 | Receptor Endocytosis | When a specific molecule is recognized and brought into to a cell through a vesicle |  | 36 |
| 7680044240 | Endosome | traffic materials between the cell membrane and other other parts of the cell | 37 | |
| 7680049436 | Ligand | Any molecule that bonds specifically to a receptor site of another molecule. |  | 38 |
| 7680052320 | Protein Kinase | general name for an enzyme that transfers phosphate groups from ATP to a protein |  | 39 |
| 7680072708 | G-Protein | A plasma membrane protein usually have three different parts that amplifies signal transduction between a receptor and and effector protein. | 40 | |
| 7680124103 | Transmembrane Protein | - integral membrane protein that spans the entire width of a cell membrane |  | 41 |
| 7680130010 | Autocrine Signal | Chemical signal that affects the same cell that releases the signal (self stimulating). |  | 42 |
| 7680135958 | Paracrine Signal | Chemical signal that affects nearby cells. |  | 43 |
| 7680139422 | Juxtacrine Signal | Chemical signal that requires direct contact between the signalling and the responding cells. |  | 44 |
| 7680143684 | Hormone | Chemical signal that travel through the circulatory system of animals or the vascular system of plants to affect target cells that may be far away. |  | 45 |
| 7680268962 | 8 | The thickness of the plasma membrane is about ___ nm or about 0.008 micrometers. | 46 | |
| 7680273708 | gated channel | A transmembrane protein channel that opens or clos.es in response to a particular stimulus that changes its 3D shape. Often related to ion channel receptors |  | 47 |
| 7680293434 | receptors | Ligands bind to r________ on the plasma membrane | 48 |
