Terms : Hide Images
| 5074539903 | Middle East | 1.) terms used to describe the region between Western Europe andAsia 2.) term was externally established 3.) many view this region t obe backwards and not modern in regards to "falling behind" in culture, economic, and politics | 0 | |
| 5074542223 | Hussein-McMahon | 1.) Hussien exchanged letters to and from McMahon 2.) British promise to support the establishment of an Arab Nation in exchange for Arab support in WWI 3.) created problems during this time b/c other agreements were made regarding this area | 1 | |
| 5074542224 | Balfour | 1.) Statement issued by Britain's Foreign Secretary Arthur Balfour in 1917 favoring the establishment of a Jewish national homeland in Palestine 2.) wording was very unclear as to what was being promised 3.) created problems during this time b/c other agreements were made regarding this area | 2 | |
| 5074542225 | Sykes-Picot | 1.) An agreement between the British and the French splitting Middle Eastern land 2.) start of colonial rule 3.) created problems during this time b/c other agreements were made regarding this area | 3 | |
| 5074545760 | Bernard Lewis | 1.) The author of "What went wrong," where he tries to analyze what happened to make the middle east fall behind Europe and western nations. 2.) His units of analysis are diplomatic and military 3.) Clash of Civilizations | 4 | |
| 5074548971 | Shaykh Izz al-Din al-Qasim | 1.) movement leader during the 1936 Arab Revolt 2.) organized an arm group to fight the British 3.) assassinated; one of the immedaite causes of the Arab Revolt | 5 | |
| 5074551158 | Sharif Hussein | 1.) Arab leader, was promised land for rebelling vs Turks during WW1 (Mcmahon-Hussein Correspondence) 2.) Sharif of Mecca and self-proclaimed leader of the Arabs, led the Arab revolt against the Ottoman Empire in 1916, 3.) made himself Caliph of all the Muslims. Ruled Hejaz until defeated by Abdul Aziz al Saud. | 6 | |
| 5074554446 | Edward Said | 1.) Orientalism 2.) The non-Western culture is inevitable depicted as childlike or primitive and incapable of making responsible decisions for themselves, which necessitates Western Powers coming in and making decisions for them. There is a direct relationship between knowledge and power 3.) | 7 | |
| 5074557527 | Orientalism | 1.) "an entire way of thinking based on the dichotomization of the Orient and the West and two distinct and fundamentally different civilizations or entities"- Zachary Lockman 2.) there are essential characteristics that set these two apart (two different visions of human life) 3.) Edward Said | 8 | |
| 5074557528 | word politics | 1.) used on Lewis' work 2.) the use of certain terms that open some possibilities but close others 3.) example: stating the Middle East isn't modern closes the possibilities of examining the advancements they have made | 9 | |
| 5074559675 | Ottoman Empire | 1.) Islamic state founded by Osman in northwestern Anatolia ca. 1300. After the fall of the Byzantine Empire. 2.) world's biggest, longest running (Muslim) empire 3.) superior firepower to control territory; devised and extensive bureaucracy | 10 | |
| 5074559676 | defensive developmentalism | 1.) part of the Tanzimat Reforms 2.) reforming and learning from the West 3.) centralizing power in order to maintain their position, linking cities and rural areas, accumulating revenue; this is done through nationalism, modern technology, communcation and transportation | 11 | |
| 5074562220 | empires v. states | 1.) different sense of boundaries 2.) governed by an elite that came from a different background 3.) rulers didn't impose uniformity on populations (in terms of language, religion, education, culture) | 12 | |
| 5074562221 | Islamic modernist movement | 1.) similar to the protestant reformation within Christianity. 2.) It was a reaction to the challenge of the West, and believed that Islam was tainted by support of Ottoman rule. 3.) 2 remedies: Westernize or a return to pure Islam (found at the first community at Medina founded by the Prophet Muhammad) | 13 | |
| 5074562222 | PLO | 1.) an organization founded in 1964 with the purpose of the "liberation of Palestine" through armed struggle 2.) recognized as the "sole legitimate representative of the Palestinian people" 3.) PLO recognized Israel's right to exist in peace, accepted UN Security Council resolutions 242 and 338, and rejected "violence and terrorism" | 14 | |
| 5074566501 | Zionism (2 types) | 1.) a movement for the re-establishment, development and protection of a Jewish nation in what is now Israel 2.) religious/patient --> waiting for the coming of the Messiah; to wait patiently and faithfully for God's plan to give the land back 3.) political/active --> don't need to wait for Creator to act; should themselves organize and return to the Holy Land and establish their national home (Theodor Hertzel) | 15 | |
| 5074566502 | aliyot | 1.) waves of emigration into Palestine 2.) 1st: Russian Jews, worked in agriculture alongside Arabs 2 & 3: begining of seperate economy; autonomy; independent of Arabs; conquest of labor and land 4th: Polish Jews, shop keepers/ merchants; est. of militias to fight back 3.) began to establish the Jewish population in Palestine that is seen today | 16 | |
| 5074568891 | yishuv | 1.) the Jewish community in Palestine before the establishment of Israel 2.) during the British Mandate 3.) directly means settlement | 17 | |
| 5074568892 | Peel Commission report | 1.) dual state plan that was ultimately not accepted 2.) states clash is inevitable 3.) land divided 80/20 (Pal./Jews); Pal. argue that they don't get the most fertile land | 18 | |
| 5074571776 | Arab Revolt of 1936 | 1.) Palestinian nationalism 2.) primitive rebellion; shift of identity 3.) A nationalist uprising by Palestinian Arabs in Mandatory Palestine against British colonial rule, as a demand for independence and opposition to mass Jewish immigration. The uprising was unsuccessful. | 19 | |
| 5074575122 | Palestinian nationalism | 1.) Formed Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO); wanted to destroy Israel and replace it with Palestinian state 2.) The national movement of the Palestinian people; rejecting colonialism and calling for national independence 3.) movement to gain an Arab homeland | 20 | |
| 5074575123 | Dual narratives | Israelis see it as a fight for freedom, but the Palestinians see it as persecution | 21 | |
| 5074578157 | 1948 War (al nakba) | 1.) the First Arab-Israeli War was fought between the State of Israel and a military coalition of Arab states 2.) November 1947 adoption of the United Nations Partition Plan for Palestine which planned to divide Palestine into three areas: an Arab state, a Jewish state and the Special International Regime for the cities of Jerusalem and Bethlehem 3.) May 1948 the ongoing civil war transformed into an inter-state conflict between Israel and the Arab states, following the Israeli Declaration of Independence the previous day. | 22 | |
| 5074580843 | territory issue | Gaza Strip and West Bank | 23 | |
| 5074580844 | refugee issue | Palestinians are refugees with no place to call home | 24 | |
| 5074583274 | Jerusalem issue | Jerusalem was supposed to remain under international authority but Isreal has since taken control over part while Jordan has taken control over the other part. | 25 | |
| 5074583275 | security issue | Isreal cannot accept Palestinian authoirty over the occupied territoies if the security of the Isreali citizens is not guranteed. | 26 | |
| 5074587711 | 1967 War (al naksa) | 1.) Six-Day War; between Israel and the neighboring states of Egypt (known at the time as the United Arab Republic), Jordan, and Syria. 2.) On June 11, a ceasefire was signed. Israel seized control of the Gaza Strip and the Sinai Peninsula from Egypt, the West Bank and East Jerusalem from Jordan, and the Golan Heights from Syria. 3.) Israeli morale and international prestige was greatly increased by the outcome of the war and the area under Israeli control tripled. | 27 | |
| 5074587712 | First Intifada | 1.) First example of Palestinian nationalism 2.) a revolt by the palestinians living in israel; it was started by an israeli army truck getting in an accident with a civilian car carrying palestinians. people were fed up with the military. 3.) it started with stone throwing and the israeli army was not used to this kind of warfare. | 28 | |
| 5074590338 | UN Resolution 242 | 1.) Adopted unanimously by the UN Security Council on November 22, 1967, in the aftermath of the Six-Day War. 2.) Withdrawal of Israel armed forces from territories occupied in the recent conflict 3.) and the recognition and security of all states in the Middle East | 29 | |
| 5074590339 | Oslo Accords | 1.) An agreement in 1993 in which Israeli prime minister Rabin 2.) gave Palestinians in Gaza and the West Bank limited self-rule under an independent Palestinian Authority headed by Arafat 3.) the first face-to-face agreement between Israelis and Palestinians | 30 | |
| 5721324185 | millet system | method of working with religious minorities in Ottoman Empire - millets had a great deal of power - they set their own laws and collected and distributed their own taxes. All that was insisted was loyalty to the Empire. | 31 | |
| 5721324186 | "Greater Syria" |  | 32 | |
| 5721327485 | Hamas | 1.)a militant Islamic fundamentalist political movement that opposes peace with Israel and uses terrorism as a weapon 2.)Radical Islam is that when a majority in parliament 3.)The Gaza Strip is controlled by | 33 |
