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| 5952262475 | Mesopotamia | Encompasses fertile crescent, means land between two rivers. |  | 0 |
| 5952287073 | Sumerians | Built the Mesopotamian civilization, built Ziggurats. | 1 | |
| 5952299090 | Main Rivers in Mesopotamia | Tigris and Euphrates | 2 | |
| 5952303860 | Mostly farming and trade | . Economy in Mesopotamia | 3 | |
| 5952758033 | Into city-states | How was Mesopotamia organized? | 4 | |
| 5952766374 | Society and Political organization of Mesopotamia | Priests and kings, upper class, merchants, peasan | 5 | |
| 5952798906 | Hammurabi's law codes | Strict Babylonian legal code, the first codified set of laws. | 6 | |
| 5952844873 | Cuneiform | Worlds first form of writing | 7 | |
| 5952849101 | Main literature of Mesopotamia | Epic of Gilgamesh | 8 | |
| 5952879813 | Achievements of Mesopotamia | Astronomers, Base 60, Epic of Gilgamesh, | 9 | |
| 5952912657 | Hittites | Developed Iron weapons | 10 | |
| 5952915444 | Assyrians | First true empire, ruled through ruthlessness and cruelty. | 11 | |
| 5952932276 | Persians | Developed a postal system, roads, currency. Had a decentralized form of government - ruled by satraps | 12 | |
| 5952949748 | Phoenicians | They developed a simplified alphabet and were sailors and traders. They were known as the carriers of civilization. | 13 | |
| 5952969861 | Monsoons | India depended on this for irrigation. Could be a blessing or a curse. | 14 | |
| 5952992486 | Indus Cities | Harappa and Mohenjo Daro. They had urban planning, a grid system, and indoor plumbing. | 15 | |
| 5953018673 | Vedas | The epic poems of India. | 16 | |
| 5953025543 | Origins of India | The Aryans traveled through the Khyber pass, bringing the caste system with them. | 17 | |
| 5953036864 | Caste system | The rigid class system where everyone stayed in their classes (varnas) for life. Reincarnation can free you only if you follow your Dharma (rules) to improve your Karma (soul). | 18 | |
| 5953064752 | Gupta Dynasty | Golden age of India. There was lots of trade and farming, there was a strong central government. Culturally diffused ideas to Middle East. | 19 | |
| 5953095316 | Sanskrit | The language of classical India | 20 | |
| 5953103459 | Chandragupta | Mauryan leader, governed an organized society. | 21 | |
| 5953113796 | Ashoka | Most honored Mauryan leader, converted to Buddhism. | 22 | |
| 5953121517 | Edict of the Rock | Stone carvings with Buddhist phrases placed all over India by Ashoka | 23 | |
| 5953142732 | Mountains | These isolated China from other civilizations. Lead to China being ethnocentric. | 24 | |
| 5953156352 | Barbarians | China thought other societies were_____ | 25 | |
| 5953168304 | Land by Yellow and Yangtze RIiver | Produced irrigation for food and soil for the Chinese. | 26 | |
| 5953179439 | "Middle Kingdom" | The name China gave to the land they lived in. | 27 | |
| 5961104419 | Shang | Warrior aristocracy, decapitated enimies | 28 | |
| 5961216196 | Ethnocentrism | To believe that one's own society or culture is superior to others | 29 | |
| 5961296650 | Oracle Bones | Kings used these to communicate with gods. | 30 | |
| 5961305510 | Government in Shang Dynasty | Princes and nobles governed most of the land, noblewomen had importance. | 31 | |
| 5961319155 | Social Class structure during Shang Dynasty. | Royal family, nobles, artisans, merchats | 32 | |
| 5961349434 | Shang Achievements | Pictograms, Fortune Telling, Ancestor worship, Terrace Farming. | 33 | |
| 5961404742 | Zhou Dynasty | Had a regional, feudal government | 34 | |
| 5961406835 | Mandate of Heaven | The dynastic cycle in classical China. Chinese people believed that this was the right to rule from god. | 35 | |
| 5961421283 | Shi Huangdi | He made a strong central government by conquering others. He modernized the army, built the Great wall, promoted unity, and abolished Confucianism and feudal lands. | 36 | |
| 5961432361 | Qin Dynasty | A dictatorial, civilized Chinese dynasty led by Shi Huangdi. This dynasty had a bureaucracy, a uniform writing, and a standard language. | 37 | |
| 5961474884 | Han Dynasty | Came after collapse of Qin Dynasty. Was known as the "Golden Age" of China. Had a bureaucracy, a postal system, taxes, roads, fortifications, and canals. | 38 | |
| 5961483830 | Wudi | Emperor of Han Dynasty. He revived Confucianism , so family and education became important again. He used bureaucracy to rule China. He expanded China's borders | 39 | |
| 5961512676 | Han Achievements | Technology-paper, bridges, rubber Astronomy- ca lender Medicine-acupuncture science-eclipses, chemistry, zoology, biology | 40 | |
| 5961572832 | Civil Service Exams | Tests enforced in the Han empire that made it so that only the most intelligent people can work in the government. | 41 | |
| 5961588620 | Collapse of Han | Emperors could not control powerful warlords, canals and roads collapsed, invaders | 42 | |
| 5961596847 | Silk Roads | Major trading system in Classical China that allowed China to trade its silk with the world | 43 | |
| 5961602155 | Animism | A religion in Africa that believes that believes that everything in the world has a spirit. Small tribes in Africa still believe this today. Ancestor Worship was a component. | 44 | |
| 5961701194 | Hinduism | A polytheistic religion with priests and rituals believed by people in India. In this, people believe that everything is part of a soul. | 45 | |
| 5961755482 | Ahmisa | Hindu belief that people should try not to harm animals and eat meat. | 46 | |
| 5961771825 | Brahmins | Hindu Priests | 47 | |
| 5961780467 | Kshatriyas | Hindu Warriors | 48 | |
| 5961787312 | Vasyas | Hindu merchants and farmers | 49 | |
| 5961791038 | Sudras | Hindu merchants and peasants | 50 | |
| 5961799521 | Untouchables | A group of people in classical India that had very low jobs | 51 | |
| 5961807464 | Low Social Mobility - Very Rigid | Reasons no other civilizations adopted the caste system. | 52 | |
| 5961836951 | Sati | Hindu ritual that required women to jump into the funeral pyre if their husband died | 53 | |
| 5961844909 | Buddha | A name given to Siddhartha Gautama. He saw suffering in the world and wanted to cure it. Because of this, he came up with the four noble truths. | 54 | |
| 5961896673 | Four noble truths | All life is suffering. Suffering comes from desire. To end suffering, end desire. To end desire, follow the way of the buddha. | 55 | |
| 5961991069 | 8 fold path | Control your thoughts, resist evils, free your mind of evil, practice meditation, say nothing to hurt others, know the truth, work for the good of others, respect life. | 56 | |
| 5962037364 | Buddhism | Philosophy created by Siddhartha Gautama that rejects the caste system and encourages people to follow the Buddha's eight fold path and four noble truths. Focused on the individual's nirvana. | 57 | |
| 5962093150 | Nirvana | Goals | 58 | |
| 5962096714 | Confucius | Chinese philosopher who founded Confucianism. He wanted to restore harmony in society. | 59 | |
| 5962118817 | Confucianism | Philosophy founded by Confucius that encourages people to live in a structured, organized society. People who follow this believe in filial piety and the 5 relationships. | 60 | |
| 5962200062 | Filial Piety | Respect towards elders. | 61 | |
| 5962213571 | Five Relationships | Ruler-Subject Husband-Wife Parent-Child Elder brother-Younger Brother Friend and Friend are equal Females are lower than male | 62 | |
| 5962231506 | Legalism | Philosophy used in the Qin dynasty that believed everyone is evil. Harsh laws and strict punishment were inflicted under this philosophy. It had no compassion. | 63 | |
| 5962264182 | Judaism | World's first monotheistic religion. The people who followed this religion were not accepted by many communities. | 64 | |
| 5962283898 | Israel | Location of Judaism |  | 65 |
| 5962287753 | Laozi | Founded Daoism | 66 | |
| 5962296645 | Daoism | Philosophy that stressed balance with nature and yin yang. It is the opposite of Confucianism. |  | 67 |
| 5962311319 | Yin yang | The 2 elements of the Dao. | | 68 |
| 5962321612 | Dao | People who believed in Daoism had to follow the____ | | 69 |
| 5962324392 | Diaspora | Forced exodus of Jews | 70 | |
| 5962341652 | 10 commandments and Torah | Behavioral guidelines for the Jews to follow. | 71 | |
| 5962352415 | It did not have hard rules to follow | Appealing aspect of Christianity | 72 | |
| 5962395822 | Edict of Milan | Ended religious persecutions by the Romans. | 73 | |
| 5962400478 | Apostles | Christian word was spread by these people. Paul is the most famous. | 74 | |
| 5962410973 | Nice roads | Allowed missionaries to travel around Rome spreading the Gospel. | 75 | |
| 5962442316 | Many Mountains and Seas | Geography of Greece | 76 | |
| 5962446276 | Golden Age of Pericles | A great age in Athens where democracy, philosophy, and theater thrived and many great architecture and art was | 77 | |
| 5962499164 | Parthenon | Most famous architecture using columns. It was a temple to worship Athena. | 78 | |
| 5962509819 | Doric, Ionic, Corinthian | Greek columns | 79 | |
| 5962511542 | Government in athens | Monarchy => Aristocracy => Oligarchy => Democracy | 80 | |
| 5962613402 | Democracy in Athens | Limited and Direct | 81 | |
| 5962619265 | Greek Science | Focused on medicine and real world applications | 82 | |
| 5962625829 | Greek Sculptures | Valued strength and realism | 83 | |
| 5962636480 | Socrates | Greek philosopher that created the Socratic method. His students learned by asking questions and critically examining everything. He urged his students to question. | 84 | |
| 5962665102 | Plato | Valued human reason and wrote "The Republic" | 85 | |
| 5962673431 | "The Republic" | Ruling guide for democracy written by Plato. | 86 | |
| 5962694990 | Peloponnesian Wars | A war where Athens and Sparta fought each other. |  | 87 |
| 5962701985 | Hellenistic age | Age started by Alexander the Great in which he conquered an enormous area of land from Greece through the Middle East and all the way to India. He allowed for cultural diffusion to occur between all of his conquered lands.. | 88 | |
| 5962803695 | Etruscans, Greeks, Latins | Origins of Rome | 89 | |
| 5962936422 | Roman Republic | Lasted 500 years. It used many elements of democracy from Greeks. | 90 | |
| 5962978464 | Punic Wars | Three wars between Rome and Carthage. Rome wins all three. | 91 | |
| 5963003249 | Hannibal | He led Carthage's army during the Second Punic War. He entered Rome through the North and brought elephants. Most of the Elephants died | 92 | |
| 5963056980 | Third Punic War | Rome crushed Carthage and poured salt on their crops. | 93 | |
| 5963076393 | 5 concepts that kept Rome together. | Rome treated conquered people with justice, gave everyone citizenship, they were unified, they had advanced technology, they had great trade and law. | 94 | |
| 5963096434 | Via Apia | First national highway in Rome | 95 | |
| 5963123075 | Aqueducts | A system that carried water from the mountain to the city in Rome. | 96 | |
| 5963159621 | Roads | Rome built the best____ | 97 | |
| 5963174473 | Roman Law | People equal under law, innocent until proven guilty, decisions must be fair, law of the twelve tables. | 98 | |
| 5963186941 | Law of the Twelve tables | Laws of Rome that were publicized by the Plebians | 99 | |
| 5963212403 | Plebians | Lower class in Rome | 100 | |
| 5963215389 | Patricians | Upper class in Rome | 101 | |
| 5963221064 | Julius Caesar | Roman leader that created jobs, public works, reorganized the government. He challenged the senate, which ended up in him getting killed | 102 | |
| 5963235474 | Pax Romana | 200 year peaceful period in Rome started by Augustus | 103 | |
| 5963245542 | Augustus Caesar | The first emperor of Rome that bgan the Roman Empire period and Pax Romana with his 50+ year reign. He gave Rome the civil service tax system | 104 | |
| 5963311371 | Arch and the Dome | Architectural styles invented by Rome | 105 | |
| 5963326341 | Latin | Main Language of Rome | 106 |
