Terms : Hide Images
| 398723131 | estates | the three social classes in France before the French Revolution | 0 | |
| 398723132 | First Estate | made up of the clergy | 1 | |
| 398723133 | Second Estate | made up of the nobility | 2 | |
| 398723134 | Third Estate | made up of all the population who weren't clergy or nobility | 3 | |
| 398723135 | Estates General | an assembly of representatives from all three of the estates, or social classes, in France | 4 | |
| 398723136 | National Assembly | French congress established by representatives of the third estate on June 17,1789, to enact laws and reform's in the name of the French people | 5 | |
| 398723137 | Legislative Assembly | a French congress with the power to create laws and approve declarations of war, established by the constitution of 1791 | 6 | |
| 398723138 | Declaration of the Rights of Man | a statement of revolutionary ideals adopted by France's National Assembly in 1789 | 7 | |
| 398723139 | Coup d'état | a sudden seizure of political power in a nation | 8 | |
| 398723140 | Congress of Vienna | a series of meetings in 1814-1815, during which the European leaders sought to establish long-lasting peace and security after the defeat of Napolean | 9 | |
| 398723141 | peninsulares | in Spanish colonial society, colonists who were born in Spain | 10 | |
| 398723142 | creoles | In spanish Colonial society, Colonists who were born in Latin America to Spanish Parents | 11 | |
| 398723143 | mestizo | of mixed Spanish and Native American ancestry | 12 | |
| 398723144 | mulattos | persons of mixed European and African ancestry | 13 | |
| 398723145 | conservatives | in the first half of the 19th century, those Europeans-mainly middle-class business leaders and merchants- who wanted to preserve the traditional monarchies of Europe | 14 | |
| 398723146 | liberals | in the first half of the 19th century, those Europeans-mainly middle-class business leaders and merchants- who wanted to give more political power to elected parliaments | 15 | |
| 398723147 | radicals | in the first half of the 19th century, those Europeans who favored drastic change to extend democracy to all people | 16 | |
| 398723148 | nationalism | the belief that people should be loyal mainly to their nation- that is, to the people with whom they share a culture and history- rather than to a king or empire | 17 | |
| 398723149 | nation-state | an independent nation of people having a common culture and identity | 18 | |
| 398723150 | realpolitik | "the politics of reality"-the practice of tough power politics with room for idealism | 19 | |
| 398723151 | kaiser | a German emperor (from the Roman title Caesar) | 20 | |
| 398723152 | Marie Antoinette | She was the queen of France at the start of the revolution; she was from Austria and spent too much money on herself | 21 | |
| 398723153 | Versailles | a palace built in the 17th century for Louis XIV southwest of Paris near the city of Versailles | 22 | |
| 398723154 | causes of French Revolution | 1) The economic and financial crisis that led to the calling of the Estates General. 2) The political incompetence of Louis XV and XVI. 3) The unfair taxation between the three estates | 23 | |
| 398723155 | moderates | were people who were a part of the third estate, but did not want extreme change. They believed that it was possible to have a bloodless revolution, and suffer very little with only little reforms. | 24 | |
| 398723156 | Tennis Court Oath | a pledge made by the members of France's National Assembly in 1789, in which they vowed to continue meeting until they had drawn up a new constitution | 25 | |
| 398723157 | Estates General | assembly of the estates of all France | 26 | |
| 398723158 | Jean Paul Marat | One of the prominent radical leaders during the revolution. He edited a radical newspaper. He called to rid France of the enemies of the Revolution | 27 | |
| 398723159 | Fish Ladies | brawny/fearless woman; known for poor people | 28 | |
| 398723160 | the Terror | the period, from mid-1793 to mid-1794, when Maximilien Robespierre France nearly as a dictator and thousands of political figures and ordinary citizens were executed | 29 | |
| 398723161 | Committee of Public Safety | A group led by Robespierre that chose the enemies of the French republic | 30 | |
| 398723162 | Robespierre | Leader of the Reign of Terror | 31 | |
| 398723163 | Congress of Vienna | Meeting of representatives of European monarchs called to reestablish the old order after the defeat of Napoleon | 32 | |
| 398723164 | effects of French Revolution | France went from a largely feudal state under an absolutist monarch to a republic which executed the king and then to an empire under Napoleon Bonaparte | 33 | |
| 398723165 | Jose de San Martin | South American general and statesman, born in Argentina: leader in winning independence for Argentina, Peru, and Chile; protector of Peru | 34 | |
| 398723166 | Simon Bolivar | 1783-1830, Venezuelan statesman: leader of revolt of South American colonies against Spanish rule. | 35 | |
| 398723167 | Camilo di Cavour | appointed Prime Minister of Sardinia in 1852. Working to expand the power of the Kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia, and using careful diplomacy, making smart alliances, and being clever, he managed to unite all of Italy. | 36 | |
| 398723168 | Giuseppe Garibaldi | Italian patriot whose conquest of Sicily and Naples led to the formation of the Italian state (1807-1882) | 37 | |
| 398723169 | Otto Von Bismarck | Chancellor of Prussia from 1862 until 1871, when he became chancellor of Germany. A conservative nationalist, he led Prussia to victory against Austria (1866) and France (1870) and was responsible for the creation of the German Empire (714) | 38 | |
| 398723170 | water frame | 1780's; Richard Arkwright; powered by horse or water; turned out yarn much faster than cottage spinning wheels, led to development of mechanized looms | 39 | |
| 398723171 | Textile Industry | an industry that produces cloth items and was the first industry to use machines for manufacturing | 40 | |
| 398723172 | unions | organizations of workers who bargain with employers as a group | 41 | |
| 398723173 | Adam Smith | Scottish political economist and philosopher. His Wealth of Nations (1776) laid the foundations of classical free-market economic theory, government should not interfere with economics. Advocates Laissez Faire and founder of "invisible hand" | 42 | |
| 398723174 | Karl Marx | father of Communism | 43 |
