Progressive Era test in AP History. Important Acts, groups and people from the Progressive Era. Also with all Amendments ratified during the Era.
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| 1884931697 | Progressive Movement | reform effort, generally centered in urban areas and begun in the early 1900s, whose aims included returning control of the government to the people, restoring economic opportunities, and correcting injustices in American life. | 0 | |
| 1884931698 | Goals of Progressive Era | 1. Protect social welfare - correct injustices 2. Promoting moral movement 3. Create Economic reform - control big business 4. Foster efficiency | 1 | |
| 1884931699 | Ida M. Tarbell | criticized companies' cutthroat competition, exposed the Standard Oil Company and its ruthlessness, called the company the "mother of all trusts" | 2 | |
| 1884931700 | Louis D. Brandeis | This brilliant lawyer and later a justice of the Supreme court spoke and wrote widely about the "curse of bigness." He thought the government should help small businesses. | 3 | |
| 1884931701 | Keating-Owen Act | Prohibited the sale of interstate commerce goods produced by children | 4 | |
| 1884931702 | Meat Inspection Act | Law that authorized the Secretary of Agriculture to order meat inspections and condemn any meat product found unfit for human consumption. | 5 | |
| 1884931703 | Pure Food and Drug Act | the act that prohibited the manufacture, sale, or shipment of impure of falsely labeled food and drugs | 6 | |
| 1884931704 | National Association of Colored People | small meeting of African American rights leaders. Never gained enough membership/power until dramatic event in 1908 | 7 | |
| 1884931705 | National Women Suffrage Association | Formed in 1890 and united 2 major women's suffrage groups at that time discrimination, and recognition of human brotherhood | 8 | |
| 1884931706 | Hepburn Act | This 1906 law used the Interstate Commerce Commission to regulate the maximum charge that railroads to place on shipping goods. | 9 | |
| 1884931707 | 16th Amendment | 1913. Legalized federal income tax, Amendment to the United States Constitution (1913) gave Congress the power to tax income. | 10 | |
| 1884931708 | Federal Reserve Act | a 1913 law that set up a system of federal banks and gave government the power to control the money supply | 11 | |
| 1884931709 | 19th amendment | granted women right to vote. 1920., Amendment to the U.S. Constitution (1920) extended the right to vote to women in federal or state elections. | 12 | |
| 1884931710 | Lincoln Steffens | Reporter, wrote in McClure's magazine and wrote The Shame of the Cities. Investigated corruption within U.S. government | 13 | |
| 1884931711 | Upton Sinclair | Wrote The ***** to expose poor labor standards, rather exposed conditions of meat packing industry, lead to Pure Food and Drug Act & Meat Inspection Act | 14 | |
| 1884931712 | Theodore Roosevelt | president, leader of Republican party, founder of Progressive Party | 15 | |
| 1884931713 | William Howard Taft | president TR appointed to carry out his policies, but TR runs on his own, forming Progressive Party. Taft successfully reforms postal saving banks system, Department of Labor, and Publicity Act (for political accomplishments) | 16 | |
| 1884931714 | Woodrow Wilson | President after Taft (TR splits vote so Democrats win) declared neutrality to get US to mediate end to war, asked for declaration of war, associated power of allies, main goal was to create a new structure of peace, known for World War I leadership, created Federal Reserve, Federal Trade Commission, Clayton Antitrust Act, progressive income tax, lower tariffs, women's suffrage (reluctantly), Treaty of Versailles, sought 14 points post-war plan, League of Nations (but failed to win U.S. ratification), won Nobel Peace Prize | 17 | |
| 1884931715 | W.E.B. Du Bois | Middle between Booker T. Washington and Marcus Garvey, founded N.A.A.C.P., wanted entire equality, not accommodationism also formed the Niagra movement | 18 | |
| 1884931716 | Margaret Sanger | Promoted birth control, family planning to reduce poverty | 19 | |
| 1884931717 | Muckrakers | Journalists who searched for and publicized real or alleged acts of corruption of public officials, businessmen, etc. | 20 | |
| 1884931718 | McClure's Magazine | An American illustrated monthly periodical popular at the turn of the 20th century. It was in this magazine that progressive muckraker journalists like Lincoln Steffens and Ida Tarbell got their start. | 21 | |
| 1884931719 | The Shame Of The Cities | By Lincoln Steffens about corrupt government | 22 | |
| 1884931720 | History of Standard Oil | By Ida Tarbell, anti-trust | 23 | |
| 1884931721 | The Jungle | By Upton Sinclair, meant to expose poor labor standards, rather exposed conditions of meat packing industry, lead to Pure Food and Drug Act & Meat Inspection Act | 24 | |
| 1884931722 | 17th Amendment | direct election of senators | 25 | |
| 1884931723 | 18th Amendment | prohibition of alcoholic beverages | 26 | |
| 1884931724 | Sherman Anti-Trust Act | This act banned any formations that would restrict trade, not distinguishing between bad and good trusts. The act was a hamper on worker unions, but it showed that the government was slowly moving away from laissez faire ideals. | 27 | |
| 1884931725 | Payne-Aldrich Tariff | signed by Taft, contradicted his campaign promises of progressive reforms (lower tariffs), split party with Progressives | 28 | |
| 1884931726 | Federal Farm Loan Act | Enacted in 1916 that set up twelve Federal Land Banks, under the control of a Federal Farm Loan Board, that offered farmers loans of five to forty years' duration at low interest rates. | 29 | |
| 1884931727 | Clayton Anti-Trust Act | Lengthened Sherman Anti-Trust Act's list of practices. Exempted labor unions from being called trusts, legalized strikes and peaceful picketing by labor union members. | 30 | |
| 1884931728 | Social Gospel | the religious doctrines preached by those who believed that the churches should directly address economic and social problems | 31 | |
| 1884931729 | Carrie Chapman Catt | Spoke powerfully in favor of suffrage, worked as a school principal and a reporter ., became head of the National American Woman Suffrage, an inspiried speaker and abrilliant organizer. Devised a detailed battle plan for fighting the war of suffrage. | 32 | |
| 1884931730 | Alice Paul | leader of the National Woman's Party and the Congressional Union, campaigned for an Equal Rights Amendment to the Constitution and led protests | 33 | |
| 1884931731 | Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) | This radical union aimed to unite the American working class into one union to promote labor's interests. It worked to organize unskilled and foreign-born laborers, advocated social revolution and led several major strikes. Stressed solidarity. | 34 | |
| 1884931732 | Populism v. Progressivism | Populism was created by poor, rural, farmers while Progressivism generally consisted of middle class urban population. The Progressive movement differs mostly from the Populist movement in focusing on reforming the political process as a whole, rather than focusing on the economic system. The Progressives saw the unchecked corruption of big business and the legal system-as well as the continuing exploitation of workers, women and children-as the primary enemy. The both had similar interests and advocated for similar measures. | 35 | |
| 1884931733 | Progressives | A group of reformers who worked to solve problems caused by the rapid industrial urban growth of the late 1800s. | 36 | |
| 1884931734 | Florence Kelley | reformer who worked to prohibit child labor and to improve conditions for female workers | 37 | |
| 1884931735 | NAWSA | formed from the combination of two organizations in 1900 under the leadership of Carrier Chapman Catt | 38 | |
| 1884931736 | temperance movement | claimed that poverty, domestic abuse, and economic inefficiency could be reduced by moderating the level of alcohol consumed | 39 | |
| 1884931737 | muller vs Oregon | limited the workday for woman from 12 to 8 hours- seen as a Progressive victory, but over time severely limited women's rights | 40 | |
| 1884931738 | Booker T. Washington | advocated racial/ ethnic equality through hard work and education over time | 41 | |
| 1884931739 | direct primary | A primary where voters directly select the candidates who will run for office | 42 | |
| 1884931740 | Jacob Riis | photojournalist who documented poor living conditions in urban centers | 43 | |
| 1884931741 | Jane Addams | leader of settlement house movement in the US, among other reforms. First tenement house was called Hull House and is most well-known founded in Chicago | 44 | |
| 1884931742 | mutualistas | provided loans and legal assistance for Mexican-Americans | 45 | |
| 1884931743 | initiative | A procedure by which voters can propose a law or a constitutional amendment. | 46 | |
| 1884931744 | referendum | a legislative act is referred for final approval to a popular vote by the electorate | 47 | |
| 1884931745 | Plessy v. Ferguson | dramatic event that led to the formation of the NAACP | 48 | |
| 1884931746 | settlement houses | provided social services to urban immigrants- accused of americanization by contemporary historians | 49 | |
| 1884931747 | Urban League | provided social services to the inner city African-Americans | 50 | |
| 1884931748 | Triangle Shirt-waist Factory | location of shocking event that led to more stringent building codes and safety measures for New York factory workers | 51 | |
| 1884931749 | recall | A procedure for submitting to popular vote the removal of officials from office before the end of their term. | 52 | |
| 1884931750 | Springfield race riots | Two African Americans were lynched and four whites killed, but the ringleaders of the mob were never punished. | 53 | |
| 1884931751 | Square deal | (TR) , teddy roosevelts campaign slogan, expressed his beleif that the needs of workers, buisness, and consumers should be balanced and called for limiting power of trusts, promoting public health and safety and improving working conditions | 54 | |
| 1884931752 | trust-busting | a term that referred to President Theodore Roosevelt's policy of prosecuting monopolies, or "trusts," that violated federal antitrust law. Roosevelt's "trust-busting" policy marked a major departure from previous administrations' policies, which had generally failed to enforce the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890, and added momentum to the progressive reform movements of the early 1900s. | 55 | |
| 1884931753 | trust taming | Roosevelt's view on how he would declare a trust as bad if it unfairly took control of a product by cheating out the competition. | 56 | |
| 1884931754 | rational use | ideas of Gifford Pinchot, led the Division of Forestry in the US Dept of Agriculture, recommended land be used for public use, would have time to mature into good lumber, "making of prosperous homes" | 57 | |
| 1884931755 | Angered Roosevelt | 1. Taft Approved the Payne-Aldrich Act (1909) 2. pushed congress to pass Mann-Elkis Act (1910) 3. Encouraged Congress to impose income tax 4. Dropped distinction of good and bad trusts 5. Fired Gifford Pinchot | 58 | |
| 1884931756 | Progressive Action Taft took | Creation of 16th ammendment | 59 | |
| 1884931757 | Election of 1912 | When the Republican's votes were split between Taft and Roosevelt, the Democrats stayed together and elected Wilson as President. The Republicans had no chance because they had two candidates running. | 60 | |
| 1884931758 | New Freedom vs. New Nationalism | TR led the Nationalism with set goals of ending child labor, minimum wages for women, fed regulation of all interesting businesses, social security; WIlson led the Freedom and set goals like protecting tariffs, creating a better banking system, and strengthening anti trust laws | 61 | |
| 1884931759 | Triple Wall of Privilege | President Woodrow Wilson, in 1912, set out to break down what he called, "*********" This included the treasury, trusts, and the tariff) (The Three T's) | 62 | |
| 1884931760 | Legacy of Progressivism | -gradual income tax -improvements of Tenements - Pure Food and Drug act - Meat Inspection Act - Women's suffrage - | 63 | |
| 1884931761 | Women | gained the right to vote in 1920, shortly after WWI | 64 | |
| 1884931762 | Progressives failed to address | Settlement Houses Civil Rights Discrimination of Minorities Regulating rates to weaken Companies power | 65 | |
| 1884931763 | Taxes before reform | Everyone was taxed equally according to the tax rate not by the amount of money a person earns each year | 66 | |
| 1884931764 | Meat factory conditions before reform | Meat was infested with with small rodents, human flesh from children getting stuck in the meat grinder, and rat poison | 67 | |
| 1884931765 | Women's rights before reform | Women were expected to be at home raising the children. | 68 | |
| 1884931766 | Tenement Houses before reform | Landlords would cheat immigrants by increasing their rent to the point that they were bankrupt. The conditions of these houses were terrible. The floors would constantly flood and there was no circulated air | 69 | |
| 1884931767 | gradual income tax after reform | This tax reduced the income inequality. The government now protects the lower class because the amount of the tax is based on average yearly income a citizen earns. | 70 | |
| 1884931768 | Meat Inspection after reform | The Government now works to prevent adulterated or misbranded meat and meat products from being sold as food and to ensure that meat and meat products are slaughtered and processed under sanitary conditions. | 71 | |
| 1884931769 | Women's Suffrage after reform | The government prohibits any U.S. citizen to be denied the right to vote based on sex. This was a result of the dedication women proved when they had to take over the mens job's when the went to war (World WAR I) | 72 | |
| 1884931770 | Urban life after reform | The government improved the lives of the urban community by passing the Tenement House Act; which established the first standards for minimum room size, ventilation, and sanitation. Urban life was also improved by creation of the Urban League which gave help to inner city African-Americans | 73 |
