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| 10216941485 | Consciousness | Personal awareness of mental activities, internal sensations, and the external environment. | 0 | |
| 10216941486 | Stream of Consciousness | One thought, memory, or fantasy seems to blend seamlessly into another. | 1 | |
| 10216941487 | Circadian Rhythm | A cycle or rhythm that is roughly 24 hours long; the cyclical daily fluctuations in biological and psychological processes. | 2 | |
| 10216941488 | Suprachiasmatic Nucleus | A cluster of neurons in the hypothalamus in the brain that governs the timing of circadian rhythms. | 3 | |
| 10216941489 | Melatonin | A hormone manufactured by the pineal gland that produces sleepiness. | 4 | |
| 10216941490 | Electroencephalograph | An instrument that uses electrodes placed on the scalp to measure and record the brain's electrical activity. | 5 | |
| 10216941491 | EEG | The graphic record of brain activity produced by an electroencephalograph. | 6 | |
| 10216941492 | REM Sleep | Type of sleep during which dreaming usually occur and voluntary muscle activity is suppressed; also called active sleep or paradoxical sleep. | 7 | |
| 10216941493 | NREM Sleep | Quiet, typically dreamless sleep in which rapid eye movements are absent; divided into four stages; also called quiet sleep. | 8 | |
| 10216941494 | Beta brain waves | Brain-wave pattern associated with alert wakefulness. | 9 | |
| 10216941495 | Alpha brain waves | Brain-wave pattern associated with relaxed wakefulness and drowsiness. | 10 | |
| 10216941496 | Hypnagogic hallucinations | Vivid sensory phenomena that occur during the onset of sleep. | 11 | |
| 10216941497 | Sleep spindles | Short bursts of brain activity that characterize stage 2 NREM sleep. | 12 | |
| 10216941498 | K complex | Single but large high-voltage spike of brain activity that characterizes stage 2 NREM sleep. | 13 | |
| 10216941499 | Sleep Paralysis | A temporary condition in which a person is unable to move upon awakening in the morning or during the night. | 14 | |
| 10216941500 | REM rebound | A phenomenon in which a person who is deprived of REM sleep greatly increases the amount of time spent in REM sleep at the first opportunity to sleep uninterrupted. | 15 | |
| 10216941501 | Restorative Theory of Sleep | The view that sleep and dreaming are essential to normal physical and mental functioning. | 16 | |
| 10216941502 | Adaptive theory of sleep | The view that the unique sleep patterns of different animals evolved over time to help promote survival and environmental adaptation; also called the evolutionary theory of sleep. | 17 | |
| 10216941503 | Sleep thinking | Repetitive, bland, and uncreative ruminations about real-life events during sleep. | 18 | |
| 10216941504 | Dream | A storylike episode of unfolding mental imagery during sleep. | 19 | |
| 10216941505 | Nightmare | A frightening or unpleasant anxiety dream that occurs during REM sleep. | 20 | |
| 10216941506 | Manifest content | In Freud's psychoanalytic theory, the elements of a dream that are consciously experienced and remembered by the dreamer. | 21 | |
| 10216941507 | Latent content | In Freud's psychoanalytic theory, the unconscious wishes, thoughts, and urges that are concealed in the manifest content of a dream. | 22 | |
| 10216941508 | Activation-synthesis model of dreaming | The theory that brain activity during sleep produces dream images, which are combined by the brain into a dream story. | 23 | |
| 10216941509 | Sleep disorders | Serious disturbances in the normal sleep pattern that interfere with daytime functioning and cause subjective distress. | 24 | |
| 10216941510 | Dyssomnias | Sleep disorders involving disruptions in the amount, quality, or timing of sleep. | 25 | |
| 10216941511 | Parasomnias | A category of sleep disorders characterized by arousal or activation during sleep or sleep transitions; includes sleepwalking, night terrors, sleep bruxism, sleep-related eating disorder, and REM sleep behavior disorder. | 26 | |
| 10216941512 | Insomnia | A condition in which a person regularly experiences an inability to fall asleep, to stay asleep, or to feel adequately rested by sleep. | 27 | |
| 10216941513 | Obstructive sleep apnea | A sleep disorder in which the person repeatedly stops breathing during sleep. | 28 | |
| 10216941514 | Narcolepsy | A sleep disorder characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness and brief lapses into sleep throughout the day. | 29 | |
| 10216941515 | Cataplexy | A sudden loss of voluntary muscle strength and control that is usually triggered by an intense emotion. | 30 | |
| 10216941516 | Hypocretins | A special class of neurotransmitters produced during the daytime to maintain a steady state of wakefulness. | 31 | |
| 10216941517 | Parasomnias | A diverse collection of sleep disorders involving undesirable physical arousal, behaviors, or events during sleep or sleep transitions. | 32 | |
| 10216941518 | Sleep terrors | A sleep disturbance characterized by an episode of increased physiological arousal, intense fear and panic, frightening hallucinations, and no recall of the episode the next morning. | 33 | |
| 10216941519 | Sleepsex | A sleep disorder involving abnormal sexual behaviors and experiences during sleep. | 34 | |
| 10216941520 | Sleepwalking | A sleep disturbance characterized by an episode of walking or performing other actions during state 3 or stage 4 NREM sleep; also called somnambulism. | 35 | |
| 10216941521 | Sleep-related eating disorder | A sleep disorder in which the sleeper will sleepwalk and eat compulsively. | 36 | |
| 10216941522 | REM sleep behavior disorder | A sleep disorder in which the sleeper verbally and physically responds to the dream story; the result of a failure of the brain mechanisms that normally suppress voluntary actions during REM sleep. | 37 | |
| 10216941523 | Hypnosis | A cooperative social interaction in which the person responds to hypnotic suggestions with changes in perception, memory and behavior. | 38 | |
| 10216941524 | Posthypnotic suggestion | A suggestion made during hypnosis that the person should carry out a specific instruction following the hypnotic session. | 39 | |
| 10216941525 | Posthypnotic amnesia | The inability to recall specific information because of a hypnotic suggestion. | 40 | |
| 10216941526 | Hypermnesia | The supposed enhancement of a person's memory for past events through a hypnotic suggestion. | 41 | |
| 10216941527 | Dissociation | The splitting of consciousness into two or more simultaneous streams of mental activity. | 42 | |
| 10216941528 | Neodissociation theory of hypnosis | Theory produced by Ernest Hilgard that explains hypnotic effects as being due to the splitting of consciousness into two simultaneous streams of mental activity, only one of which the hypnotic participant is consciously aware of during hypnosis. | 43 | |
| 10216941529 | Hidden observer | Hilgard's term for the dissociated stream of mental activity that continues during hypnosis. | 44 | |
| 10216941530 | Meditation | Any one of a number of sustained concentration techniques that focus attention and heighten awareness. | 45 | |
| 10216941531 | Psychoactive drug | A drug that alters consciousness, perception, mood and behavior | 46 | |
| 10216941532 | Physical dependence | A condition in which a person has physically adapted to a drug so that he or she must take the drug regularly in order to avoid withdrawal symptoms. | 47 | |
| 10216941533 | Drug tolerance | A condition in which increasing amounts of a physically addictive drug are needed to produce the original, desired effect. | 48 | |
| 10216941534 | Withdrawal symptoms | Unpleasant physical reactions, combined with intense drug cravings, that occur when a person abstains from a drug on which he or she is physically dependent. | 49 | |
| 10216941535 | Drug rebound effect | Withdrawal symptoms that are the opposite of a physically addictive drug's action. | 50 | |
| 10216941536 | Drug abuse | Recurrent drug use that results in disruptions in academic, social, or occupational functioning or in legal or psychological problems. | 51 | |
| 10216941537 | Depressants | A category of psychoactive drugs that depress or inhibit brain activity. | 52 | |
| 10216941538 | Inhalants | Chemical substances that are inhaled to produce an alteration in consciousness. | 53 | |
| 10216941539 | Barbituates | A category of depressant drugs that reduce anxiety and produce sleepiness. | 54 | |
| 10216941540 | Tranquilizers | Depressant drugs that relieve anxiety. | 55 | |
| 10216941541 | Opiates | A category of psychoactive drugs that are chemically similar to morphine and have strong pain-relieving properties. | 56 | |
| 10216941542 | Stimulants | A category of psychoactive drugs that increase brain activity, arouse behavior, and increase mental alertness. | 57 | |
| 10216941543 | Caffeine | A stimulant drug found in coffee, tea, cola drinks, chocolate, and many over the counter medications. | 58 | |
| 10216941544 | Nicotine | A stimulant drug found in tobacco products. | 59 | |
| 10216941545 | Amphetamines | A class of stimulant drugs that arouse the central nervous system and suppress appetite. | 60 | |
| 10216941546 | Cocaine | A stimulant drug derived from the cocatree. | 61 | |
| 10216941547 | Stimulant-induced psychosis | Schizophrenia-like symptoms that can occur as the result of prolonged amphetamine or cocaine use; also called amphetamine psychosis or cocaine psychosis. | 62 | |
| 10216941548 | Psychedelic drugs | A category of psychoactive drugs that create sensory and perceptual distortions, alter mood, and affect thinking. | 63 | |
| 10216941549 | Mescaline | A psychedelic drug derived from the peyote cactus. | 64 | |
| 10216941550 | LSD | A synthetic psychedelic drug. | 65 | |
| 10216941551 | Marijuana | A psychoactive drug derived from the hemp plant. | 66 | |
| 10216941552 | MDMA or Ectasy | Synthetic club drug that combines stimulant and mile psychedelic effects. | 67 | |
| 10216941553 | Dissociative anesthetics | Class of drugs that reduce sensitivity to pain and produce feelings of detachment and dissociation; includes the club drugs PCP and ketamine. | 68 | |
| 10216941554 | Stimulus control therapy | Insomnia treatment involving specific guidelines to create a strict association between the bedroom and rapid sleep onset. | 69 | |
| 10216941555 | Relaxing training | Any of a number of techniques designed to diminish muscle tension, reduce physical arousal, and decrease intrusive thoughts. | 70 | |
| 10216941556 | Introspection | Verbal self-reports that tried to capture the structure of conscious experiences. | 71 | |
| 10216941557 | Overt Behavior | Behavior that has the potential for being directly observed by an individual other than the one performing the behavior. | 72 | |
| 10216941558 | Pineal gland | An endocrine gland located in the brain. | 73 | |
| 10216941559 | Brain waves | The rhythmical patterns of electrical activity. | 74 | |
| 10216941560 | Myoclonic Jerk | An involuntary muscle spasm of the whole body that jolts the person completely awake. Also known as sleep starts. | 75 | |
| 10216941561 | Microsleeps | Episodes of sleep lasting only a few seconds that occur during wakefulness. | 76 | |
| 10216941562 | Memory consolidation | The gradual process of converting a new memory, through the simple passage of time, into a long-term, relatively permanent form. | 77 | |
| 10216941563 | Episodic memories | Memories of personally experienced events. | 78 | |
| 10216941564 | Procedural memories | These involve learning a new skill or task until it can be performed automatically. | 79 | |
| 10216941565 | Spatial memories | These involve the location of places or objects; this includes directions to these places or objects, the distance between them, and so on. | 80 | |
| 10216941566 | Transient insomnia | About 1 out of 3 people experience this, lasting from one or two nights to a couple of weeks. | 81 | |
| 10216941567 | Chronic insomnia | About 1 out of 10 adults experience this, with symptoms at least three nights each week that persist for a month or longer. | 82 | |
| 10216941568 | Hyperarousal | A person's level of arousal interferes with his or her ability to go to sleep or stay asleep. | 83 | |
| 10216941569 | Hypnagogic hallucinations | Hallucinations that occur during sleep onset. | 84 | |
| 10216941570 | Hypnopompic hallucinations | Hallucinations that occur as the person is waking up. | 85 | |
| 10216941571 | Transcendental meditation | A technique of meditation involving the repetition of a sound (mantra). | 86 | |
| 10216941572 | Addiction | A broad term that refers to a condition in which a person feels psychologically and physically compelled to take a specific drug. | 87 | |
| 10216941573 | Delirium tremens | Confusion in thinking, anxiety, tremors, and sweating occurring with withdrawal from excessive and habitual use of alcohol. | 88 | |
| 10216941574 | Psychedelic | Mind manifesting. | 89 | |
| 10216941575 | Progressive relaxation | A relaxation technique that involves systematically tensing, then relaxing, a progressive sequence of muscle groups. | 90 | |
| 10216941576 | Autogenic training | Relaxation technique that involves breathing control, focused attention on physical sensations, and mental imagery. | 91 |
