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| 2415517910 | Intelligence & Psychological Testing (3) | 1. Types of Tests 2. Reliability 3. Validity | 0 | |
| 2415519777 | Types of Tests (3) | 1. Psychological Test 2. Mental Ability Tests 3. Personality Tests | 1 | |
| 2428296521 | Psychological Tests | A standardized measure of a sample of a person's behaviour | 2 | |
| 2428298577 | Mental Ability Tests (3) | 1. Intelligence Tests 2. Aptitude Tests 3. Achievement Tests | 3 | |
| 2428308042 | Intelligence Tests | Measure general mental ability | 4 | |
| 2428312737 | Aptitude Tests | Assess specific types of mental abilities | 5 | |
| 2428312738 | Achievement Tests | Gauge a person's mastery and knowledge of various subjects | 6 | |
| 2428319853 | Personality Tests | Measure various aspects of personality, including motives, interests, values, and attitudes | 7 | |
| 2428323681 | Reliability (3) | Refers to the measurement consistency of a test 1. Standardization 2. Test Norms 3. Percentile Score | 8 | |
| 2428328677 | Standardization | Refers to the uniform procedures used in administration and scoring of a test | 9 | |
| 2428331212 | Test Norms | The relationship between scores on a psychological test and where they rank | 10 | |
| 2428332816 | Percentile Score | Indicates the percentage of people who score at or below the score one has obtained | 11 | |
| 2428338902 | Validity (3) | Refers to the ability of a test to measure what it was designed to measure 1. Construct Validity 2. Content Validity 3. Criterion Validity | 12 | |
| 2428345202 | Construct Validity | Refers to the extent to which there is evidence that a test measures a specific hypothetical construct | 13 | |
| 2428347593 | Content Validty | Refers to the degree to which the content of a test is representative of the domain it is supposed to cover | 14 | |
| 2428350683 | Criterion Validity | Is estimated by correlating subjects scores on a test with their scores on an independent measure of the trait | 15 | |
| 2428377637 | History of Intelligence Tests (6) | 1. Sir Francis Galton (1st) 2. Alfred Binet (Binet-Scale) 3. Lewis Terman (Stanford-Binet Scale) 4. David Wechsler (WAIS) 5. Spearman's G 6. L.L Thurstone & J.P Guilford | 16 | |
| 2428492124 | Sir Francis Galton | First intelligence tests devised and coined the term "Nature vs. Nurture" | 17 | |
| 2428497942 | Alfred Binet (1) | Modern intelligence testing was launched in 1905 1. Mental Age (Binet-Scale) | 18 | |
| 2428505385 | Mental Age (Binet-Scale) | A childs mental ability typical of a child's chronological age | 19 | |
| 2428515518 | Lewis Terman | Revised the Binet-Scale to produce the Stanford-Binet Scales, introducing: IQ: Intelligence Quotient (mental age / chronological age x 100) | 20 | |
| 2428526326 | David Wechsler (2) | Published an improved measure of intelligence for adults; Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) 1. Normal Distribution 2. Deviation IQ | 21 | |
| 2428538776 | Normal Distribution | A symmetric, bell-shaped curve that represents the pattern of characteristics dispered among the population | 22 | |
| 2428545126 | Deviation IQ | Scores that locate subjects precisely within the normal distribution, using the SD as the unit of measurement` | 23 | |
| 2428559970 | Spearman's G (3) | He concluded that all cognitive abilities share a common core and is the most popular today 1. Factor Analysis 2. Fluid Intelligence 3. Crystallized Intelligence | 24 | |
| 2428566606 | Factor Analysis | Correlations among many variables are analyzed to identify schemas (organized clusters) | 25 | |
| 2428595893 | Fluid Intelligence | Involves reasoning ability, memory capacity, and speed of information processing | 26 | |
| 2428603431 | Crystallized Intelligence | Involves the ability to apply knowledge and skills in problem solving | 27 | |
| 2428574813 | L.L Thurstone & J.P Guilford | 1. L.L: Primary Mental Abilities (7 Categories) 2. J.P: 150 Mental Abilities | 28 | |
| 2428619111 | Essentials in Intelligence Testing | > Scores fall in the normal distribution of IQ for their age > Mean Score = 100 & SD = 15 > Measure Intellect > Factual Knowledge (produces both) > High reliability & correlates w/ job attainment > IQ tests are not popular in non-Western cultures | 29 | |
| 2428647571 | Extremes of Intelligence (2) | 1. Intellectual Disability 2. Giftedness | 30 | |
| 2428661115 | Intellectual Disability | Refers to the subaverage mental ability (IQ < 70) accompanied by deficits in adaptive skills, originating before age 18 > Types include; mild (85%), moderate(10%), severe/profound (4-6%) | 31 | |
| 2428694109 | Giftedness (1) | > IQ = 130 (typical minimum) > Above average in maturity (social/emotional) > Very few "genius's" make "genius-level-contribution" 1. Eminence | 32 | |
| 2428724246 | Eminence | High intelligence is only one of three requirements 1. Intelligence 2. Motivation 3. Creativity | 33 | |
| 2428987915 | Heredity & Environment (3) | 1. Heredity Influence 2. Environmental Influence 3. Interaction of Heredity & Environment | 34 | |
| 2429014185 | Heredity Influence (1) | Twin studies suggest intelligence is partly inherited (identical twins IQ similarity (S) > fraternal twins IQ > Identical twins reared apart > fraternal twins together > Adopted children resemble their biological parents IQ > High Heredity = 80% & Low Heredity = 40% 1. Heritability Ratio | 35 | |
| 2429059764 | Heritability Ratio | Is an estimate of the proportion of trait variability in a population that is determined by variations in genetic inheritance | 36 | |
| 2429071495 | Environment Influence (4) | 1. Adoption 2. Environmental Deprivation 3. Environmental Enrichment 4. The Flynn Effect | 37 | |
| 2429078776 | Adoption | Studies find that adopted children show IQ resemblance to their foster parents and to their adoptive siblings | 38 | |
| 2429082913 | Environmental Deprivation | Studies show that children raised in substandard circumstances tend to exhibit a gradual decline in IQ as they grow older | 39 | |
| 2429085516 | Environmental Enrichment | Studies show that children who are moved to improved environments tend to exhibit increases in IQ | 40 | |
| 2429115168 | The Flynn Effect | Generational increases in measured IQ are perplexing, but they must be due to environmental changes | 41 | |
| 2429089981 | Interaction of Heredity and Environment (2) | > Intelligence is clearly shaped by both heredity & environment (and they both interact) > Scientists are trying to identify specific genes linked with intelligence, but the process is slow, suggesting that intelligence may be shaped by 100's of genes that each have tiny effects 1. Reaction Range 2. Culture Differences in IQ | 42 | |
| 2429100542 | Reaction Range | Refers to the genetically determined limits on IQ, while the environment shapes the rest | 43 | |
| 2429104131 | Culture Differences in IQ (1) | > Even if heritability of IQ = high, group differences in IQ could be entirely environmental in origin > Socioeconomic disadvantages and cultural bias on tests may contribute to cultural differences in IQ > Vulnerability to negative stereotypes can undermine test performance in minority groups 1. Arthur Jensen | 44 | |
| 2429126735 | Arthur Jensen | He and others have argued that cultural differences in IQ scores are largely heredity | 45 | |
| 2429132507 | New Directions (3) | > Interest in biological index's (brain & IQ) 1. Robert Sternberg (Triarchic Theory of Intelligence) 2. Howard Gardner (8 Types of Intelligence) 3. Emotional Intelligence | 46 | |
| 2429196683 | Robert Sternberg (1) | Triarchic Theory of Intelligence > Contextual Sub-theory: Culture > Experimental Sub-theory: Experience 1. Componential Sub-theory: Cognitive | 47 | |
| 2429233868 | Componential Sub-Theory (1) | Components: > Meta: Control/Monitor/Evaluate > Knowledge Acquisition: Encode/Combine/Compare 1. Performance: Execute Strategies | 48 | |
| 2429244142 | Performance Components (Three Facets of Intelligence) | *Successful Intelligence* (requires these 3) 1. Practical Intelligence: Deal effectively with problems 2. Creative Intelligence: Generate new ideas 3. Analytic Intelligence: Abstract reasoning & judgement | 49 | |
| 2429254098 | Howard Gardner | Eight Intelligences 1. Logical-Mathematical: Scientist 2. Linguistic: Writer 3. Musical: Musician 4. Spatial: Navigator 5. Bodily-Kinesthetic: Athlete 6. Interpersonal: Therapist 7. Intrapersonal: Detailed/Accurate Self-Knowledge 8. Naturalist: Biologist | 50 | |
| 2429254099 | Emotional Intelligence | Consists of the ability to (1)perceive and (2)express emotion, (3)assimilate emotion in thought, (4)understand and (5)reason with emotion, and (6)regulate emotion | 51 | |
| 2429271461 | Key Themes | 1. Psychology evolves around a sociohistorical context 2. Heredity and environment jointly shape behaviour 3. Behaviour is shaped by one's cultural heritage | 52 |
