Terms : Hide Images
| 576776100 | Neurons | Individual cells in the nervous system that receive, integrate, and transmit information | 0 | |
| 576776101 | Soma | Cell Body of the neuron that contains the nucleus and much of cells normal organs | 1 | |
| 576776102 | Dendrite | Part of a Neuron that receives information | 2 | |
| 576776103 | Axon | Long fiber that transmits information away to other neurons, muscles, or glands | 3 | |
| 576776104 | Myelin Sheath | i. Insulating Material that encases some Axons ii. speeds up to transmission of information | 4 | |
| 576776105 | Terminal Button | Small knobs where neurotransmitters are transmitted activating neighboring neurons | 5 | |
| 576776106 | Synapse | Junction where information is transmitted from one neuron to another | 6 | |
| 576776107 | Glia | Cells in Nervous System that provide various support for neurons | 7 | |
| 576776108 | Neural Impulse | The signal that moves through the Neuron | 8 | |
| 576776109 | Hodgkin and Huxley | Studied a squid's neuron to learn most of what we know about the human neuron | 9 | |
| 576776110 | Resting Potential | The Stable, Negative Charge when the Cell is inactive | 10 | |
| 576776111 | Action Potential | A very brief shift in a Neuron's electrical charge that travels along an axon | 11 | |
| 576776112 | Absolute Refractory Period | Minimum length of time after an action potential during which another action potential cannot begin (about 1 or 2 Milliseconds) | 12 | |
| 576776113 | All-Or-None Law | i. Neural Impulses either Fire or don't fire ii. A faster Rate of transmission means a stronger Stimulus | 13 | |
| 576776114 | Synaptic Cleft | The gap between the terminal button of one neuron and the cell membrane of another neuron | 14 | |
| 576776115 | Neurotransmitters | Chemicals that transmit information from one Neuron to another | 15 | |
| 576776116 | Synaptic Vesicles | The body that Neurotransmitters are transmitted across the gap in | 16 | |
| 576776117 | Receptor Site | Where the Synaptic Vesicles bind releasing the information into the new Neuron | 17 | |
| 576776118 | Post-Synaptic Potential (PSP) | i. A voltage change at the receptor site on a postsynaptic cell membrane ii. excitatory PSP increases the possibility a Postsynaptic Neuron will fire, inhibitory PSP decreases the possibility | 18 | |
| 576776119 | Reuptake | Process which Neurotransmitters are sponged up from the synaptic cleft by the Presynaptic Membrane | 19 | |
| 576776120 | Acetylcholine | Neuroransmitter between Motor Neurons and Voluntary Muscles | 20 | |
| 576776121 | Agonist | Chemical that Mimics Neurotransmitters | 21 | |
| 576776122 | Antagonists | Chemicals that inhibit neurotransmitters | 22 | |
| 576776123 | Monamines | Dopamine, Norepinephrine, and Serotonin | 23 | |
| 576776124 | Dopamine | i. Controls voluntary movement ii. Degeneration = Parkinson's iii. Too much = Schizophrenia | 24 | |
| 576776125 | Serotonin | Plays a prominent role in sleep, wakefulness, and eating Behavior | 25 | |
| 576776126 | Depression | Caused by low Serotonin and Norepinephrine | 26 | |
| 576776127 | GABA | GABA and Glycine acts as inhibitory effects at all synapses | 27 | |
| 576776128 | Endorphins | Internally produced chemicals that resemble Opiates in structure and effects | 28 | |
| 576776129 | Candace Pert and Solomon Snyder | Discovered Endorphins | 29 | |
| 576776130 | Nerves | Bundles of Neuron Fibers (Axons) that are routed together in the Peripheral Nervous System | 30 | |
| 576776131 | Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) | Made up of all those nerves that lie outside the Brain and Spinal Cord | 31 | |
| 576776132 | Somatic Nervous System | i. Made up of Nerves that connect to voluntary skeletal Muscles and to Sensory Receptors i. Afferent Nerve Fibers carry information inward to the CNS, Efferent Nerve Fibers carry information outward to the PNS | 32 | |
| 576776133 | Autonomic Nervous System | i. Made up of Nerves that connect to the heart, blood vessels, smooth muscles, and glands ii. Controls Fight-Or-Flight Response | 33 | |
| 576776134 | Sympathetic Division | Branch of the Autonomic Nervous System that mobilizes the body's resources for emergencies. (Fight-or Flight, Adrenaline) | 34 | |
| 576776135 | Parasympathetic Division | Branch of the Autonomic Nervous system that generally conserves Bodily Resources. (Digestion, Slowing Heart Rate, etc.) | 35 | |
| 576776136 | Central Nervous System (CNS) | Brain and Spinal Cord | 36 | |
| 576776137 | Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) | Nourishes the Brain/Spinal Cord and provides a protective cushion | 37 | |
| 576776138 | Spinal Cord | Connects the Brain to the rest of the Body through the Peripheral Nervous System | 38 | |
| 576776139 | Brain | The most important part of the CNS | 39 | |
| 576776140 | Electroencephalograph (EEG) | Device that monitors the electrical activity of the Brain over time by attaching Electrodes t the scalp | 40 | |
| 576776141 | Lesioning | Destroying pieces of the Brain and observing the effects | 41 | |
| 576776142 | Electrical Stimulation of the Brain (ESB) | Sending a weak electric current into a brain structure to stimulate it | 42 | |
| 576776143 | Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) | Technique using Magnets that permits scientists to temporarily enhance or depress activity in a specific area of the Brain | 43 | |
| 576776144 | Brain-Imaging Procedures | CT. PET, and MRI scans can give scientists imaging of the Brain and the parts of it that are aroused by stimuli | 44 | |
| 576776145 | Hindbrain | Includes the Cerebellum and two structures found in the lower part of the brainstem: The Medulla and the Pons | 45 | |
| 576776146 | Medulla | Controls unconscious but vital functions like breathing, blood flow, muscle tone, and reflexes | 46 | |
| 576776147 | Pons | Bridge of Fibers that connects the Brainstem to the Cerebellum | 47 | |
| 576776148 | Cerebellum | i. Controls coordination of movement, sense of equilibrium, and balance ii. First thing effected by alcohol | 48 | |
| 576776149 | Midbrain | i. Segment of Brainstem between Hindbrain and Forebrain ii. Reticular Formation | 49 | |
| 576776150 | Reticular Formation | In both the Hindbrain and Midbrain, contributes to muscle reflexes, breathing, pain perception, sleep, and arousal | 50 | |
| 576776151 | Forebrain | largest and most complex region of Brain. Includes the Thalamus, Hypothalamus, Limbic System, and Cerebrum | 51 | |
| 576776152 | Thalamus | i. Where all sensory information (Except Smell) must pass to get to the Cerebral Cortex ii. Integrates all Senses | 52 | |
| 576776153 | Hypothalamus | i. Regulates Basic Biological Needs ii. Controls Autonomic Nervous System and Endocrine System iii. Five F's of Survival (Fighting, Fleeing, Feeding, F*cking) | 53 | |
| 576776154 | Limbic System | i. Loosely connected network between cerebral cortex and deeper areas ii. Controls Emotion, Memory, and Motivation | 54 | |
| 576776155 | Cerebrum | i. Largest and most complex part of Brain ii. Responsible for most complex mental activities iii. Four parts: Cerebral Cortex, Cerebral Hemispheres, Corpus Callosum and four Lobes | 55 | |
| 576776156 | Occipital Lobe | Primary Visual Cortex | 56 | |
| 576776157 | Parietal Lobe | Primary Somatosensory cortex | 57 | |
| 576776158 | Temporal Lobe | Primary Auditory Cortex | 58 | |
| 576776159 | Frontal Lobe | Primary Motor Cortex | 59 | |
| 576776160 | Split-Brain Surgery | Corpus Callosum is cut to reduce severity of Epileptic Seizures | 60 | |
| 576776161 | Roger Sperry | Split-Brain Research | 61 | |
| 576776162 | Perceptual Asymmetries | i. Left and right sides of the brain o different things ii. Left = Verbal Processing, Language, speech, reading, writing iii. Right = Nonverbal processing, spatial, musical, and visual-recognition tasks | 62 | |
| 576776163 | Endocrine System | Consists of Glands that secrete chemicals into the bloodstream that help control bodily functioning | 63 | |
| 576776164 | Hormones | The chemical Messengers in the Endocrine System | 64 | |
| 576776165 | Pituitary Gland | Based in the Hypothalamus, it releases the Hormones into the body | 65 | |
| 576776166 | Behavioral Genetics | Field that studies the influence of Genetic Factors on Behavioral Traits | 66 | |
| 576776167 | Family Studies | Researchers compare Blood relatives to see how much they are similar in a trait | 67 | |
| 576776168 | Twin Studies | Researchers assess hereditary influence by comparing the resemblance of Identical and Fraternal Twins on a specific trait | 68 | |
| 576776169 | Adoption Studies | Assess Hereditary influence by examining the resemblance between adopted children and both Biological and Adoptive parents | 69 |
