Chapter 1 - The Evolution of Psychology - Glossary
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| 1783742827 | Applied psychology | he branch of psychology concerned with everyday, practical problems. | 0 | |
| 1783742828 | Behavior | Any overt (observable) response or activity by an organism. | 1 | |
| 1783742829 | Behaviorism | A theoretical orientation based on the premise that scientific psychology should study only observable behavior. | 2 | |
| 1783742830 | Clinical psychology | he branch of psychology concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of psychological problems and disorders. | 3 | |
| 1783742831 | Critical thinking | The use of cognitive skills and strategies that increase the probability of a desired outcome. | 4 | |
| 1783742832 | Culture | The widely shared customs, beliefs, values, norms, institutions, and other products of a community that are transmitted socially across generations. | 5 | |
| 1783742833 | Empiricism | The premise that knowledge should be acquired through observation. | 6 | |
| 1783742834 | Evolutionary psychology | Theoretical perspective that examines behavioral processes in terms of their adaptive value for a species over the course of many generations. | 7 | |
| 1783742835 | Functionalism | A school of psychology based on the belief that psychology should investigate the function or purpose of consciousness, rather than its structure. | 8 | |
| 1783742836 | Humanism | A theoretical orientation that emphasizes the unique qualities of humans, especially their freedom and their potential for personal growth. | 9 | |
| 1783742837 | Industrial and organizational (I/O) psychology | The branch of psychology concerned with human behavior in the work environment. | 10 | |
| 1783742838 | Introspection | Careful, systematic observation of one's own conscious experience. | 11 | |
| 1783742839 | Natural selection | Principle stating that heritable characteristics that provide a survival reproductive advantage are more likely than alternative characteristics to be passed on to subsequent generations and thus come to be "selected" over time. | 12 | |
| 1783742840 | Organizational psychology | Area of psychology concerned with how employees are integrated into the work environment. both emotionally and socially. | 13 | |
| 1783742841 | Positive psychology | An approach to psychology that uses theory and research to better understand the positive, adaptive, creative, and fulfilling aspects of human existence. | 14 | |
| 1783742842 | Psychiatry | A branch of medicine concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of psychological problems and disorders. | 15 | |
| 1783742843 | Psychoanalytic theory | A theory developed by Freud that attempts to explain personality, motivation, and mental disorders by focusing on unconscious determinants of behavior. | 16 | |
| 1783742844 | Psychology | The science that studies behavior and the physiological and cognitive processes that underlie it, and the profession that applies the accumulated knowledge of this science to practical problems. | 17 | |
| 1783742845 | Structuralism | A school of psychology based on the notion that the task of psychology is to analyze consciousness into its basic elements and to investigate how these elements are related. | 18 | |
| 1783742846 | Testwiseness | The ability to use the characteristics and format of a cognitive test to maximize one's score. | 19 | |
| 1783742847 | Theory | A system of interrelated ideas that is used to explain a set of observations. | 20 | |
| 1783742848 | Unconscious | According to Freud, thoughts, memories, and desires that are well below the surface of conscious awareness but that nonetheless exert great influence on behavior. | 21 |
