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| 583213916 | Which of the following statements describes the results of this reaction? C6H12O6+602 ---> 6CO2 + H2O+ Energy | C6H12O6 is oxidized and O2 is reduced. | 1 | |
| 583213917 | Which of the following statements describes NAD+? | NAD+ is reduced to NADH during both glycolysis and the citric acid cycle. | 2 | |
| 583213918 | The ATP made during glycolysis is generated by | substrate-level phosphorylation | 3 | |
| 583213919 | Which process in eukaryotic cells will proceed normally whether oxygen (O2) is present or absent? | glycolysis | 4 | |
| 583213920 | The free energy for the oxidation of glucose to CO2 and water is -686 kcal/mole and the free energy for the reduction of NAD+ to NADH is +53 kcal/mole. Why are only two molecules of NADH formed during glycolysis when it appears that as many as a dozen could be formed? | Most of the free energy available from the oxidation of glucose remains in pyruvate, one of the products of glycolysis. | 5 | |
| 583213921 | Starting with one molecule of glucose, the "net" products of glycolysis are | 2 NADH, 2H+, 2 pyruvate, 2 ATP, and 2 H2O | 6 | |
| 583213922 | These three steps result in the formation of | acetyl CoA, NADH, H+, and CO2 | 7 | |
| 583213923 | Why is coenzyme A, a sulfur containing molecule derived from a B vitamin, added? | to provide a relatively unstable molecule whose acetyl portion can readily bind to oxaloacetate | 8 | |
| 583213924 | Starting with citrate, which of the following combinations of products would result from three turns of the citric acid cycle? | 3 ATP, 6 CO2, 9 NADH, and 3 FADH2 | 9 | |
| 583213925 | Carbon dioxide (CO2) is released during which of the following stages of cellular respiration? | oxidation of pyruvate to acetyl CoA and the citric acid cycle | 10 | |
| 583213926 | A young animal had never had much energy. He is brought to a veterinarian for help and is sent to the animal hospital for some tests. there they discover his mitochondria can use only fatty acids and amino acids for respiration, and his cells produce for lactate than normal. Of the following, which is the best explanation of his condition? | His mitochondria lack the transport protein that moves pyruvate across the outer mitochondrial membrane | 11 | |
| 583213927 | Cellular respiration harvests the most chemical energy from which of the following? | chemiosmotic phosphorylation | 12 | |
| 583213928 | During aerobic respiration, electrons travel downhill in which sequence? | food-->NADH-->electron transport chain-->oxygen | 13 | |
| 583213929 | During aerobic respiration, which of the following directly donates electrons to the electron transport chain at the lowest energy level? | FADH2 | 14 | |
| 583213930 | Inside an active mitochondrion, most electrons follow which pathway? | citric acid cycle-->NADH-->electron transport chain-->oxygen | 15 | |
| 583213931 | In chemiosmotic phosphorylation, what is the most direct source of energy that is used to convert ADP + Pi to ATP? | energy released from movement of protons through ATP synthase | 16 | |
| 583213932 | Energy released by the electron transport chain is used to pump H+ ions into which location? | mitchondrial intermembrane space | 17 | |
| 583213933 | After the first disruption, when electron transfer and ATP synthesize still occur, what must be present? | all of the electron transport proteins as well as ATP synthase | 18 | |
| 583213934 | After the second agitation of the membrane vesicles, what must be lost from the membrane? | ATP synthase, in whole or in part | 19 | |
| 583213935 | It should be possible to reconstitute the abilities of the vesicles if which of the following is added? | intact ATP synthase | 20 | |
| 583213936 | Which metabolic pathway is common to both cellular respiration and fermentation? | glycolysis | 21 | |
| 583213937 | The ATP made during fermentation is generated by which of the following? | substrate-level phosphorylation | 22 | |
| 583213938 | In alcohol fermentation, NAD+ is regenerated from NADH during which of the following? | reduction of acetaldehyde to ethanol (ethyl alcohol) | 23 | |
| 583213939 | An organism is discovered that consumes a considerable amount of sugar, yet does not gain much weight when denied air. Curiously, the consumption of sugar increases as air is removed from the organism's environment, but the organism seems to thrive even in the absence of air. When returned to normal air, the organism does fine. Which of the following best describes the organism? | It is a facultative anaerobe | 24 | |
| 583213940 | Why is glycolysis considered to be one of the first metabolic pathways to have evolved? | It is found in the cytosol, does not involve oxygen, and is present in most organisms | 25 | |
| 583213941 | Which of the following are products of the light reactions of photosynthesis that are utilized in the Calvin cycle? | ATP and NADPH | 26 | |
| 583213942 | Where does the Calvin cycle take place? | stroma of the chloroplast | 27 | |
| 583213943 | What did Engelmann conclude about the congregation of bacteria in the red and blue areas? | Bacteria congregated in these areas because these areas had the most oxygen being released | 28 | |
| 583213944 | An outcome of this experiment was to help determine | the relationship between wavelengths of light and the oxygen released during photosynthesis | 29 | |
| 583213945 | If you ran the same experiment without passing light through a prism, what would you predict? | The bacteria would be relatively evenly distributed along the algal filaments. | 30 | |
| 583213946 | What wavelength of light in the figure is most effective in driving photosynthesis? | 420 mm | 31 | |
| 583213947 | Which statement describes the functioning of photosystem II? | The electron vacancies in P680 are filled by electrons derived from water. | 32 | |
| 583213948 | Some photosynthetic organisms contain chloroplasts that lack photosystem II, yet are able to survive. The best way to detect the lack of photosystem II in these organisms would be | to test for liberation of O2 in the light | 33 | |
| 583213949 | Assume a thylakoid is somehow punctured so that the interior of the thylakoid is no longer separated from the stroma. This damage will have the most direct effect on which of the following processes? | the synthesis of ATP | 34 | |
| 583213950 | Suppose the interior of the thylakoids of isolated chloroplasts were made acidic and then transferred in the dark to a pH-8 solution. What would be likely to happen? | The isolated chloroplasts will make ATP | 35 | |
| 583213951 | The splitting of carbon dioxide to form oxygen gas and carbon compounds occurs during | neither photosynthesis nor respiration | 36 | |
| 583213952 | In a protein complex for the light reaction (a reaction center), energy is transferred from pigment molecule to pigment molecule, to a special chlorophyll a molecule, and eventually to the primary electron acceptor. Why does this occur? | The molecular environment lets it boost and electron to a higher energy level and also to transfer the electron to another molecule. | 37 | |
| 583213953 | Some photosynthetic bacteria (e.g. purple sulfur bacteria_ have photsystem I but not II, while others (e.g. cyanobacteria) have both PSI and PSII. Which of the following might this observation imply? | Photosystem I must be more ancestral. | 38 | |
| 583213954 | Cyclic electron flow may be photoprotective (protective to light-induced damage). Which of the following experiments could provide information on this phenomenon? | using mutated organisms that can grow but that cannot carry out cyclic flow of electrons and compare their abilities to photosynthesize in different light intensities | 39 | |
| 583213955 | Which of the following statements best represents the relationships between the light reactions and the Calvin cycle? | The light reactions provide ATP and NADPH to the Calvin cycle, and the cycle returns ADP, Pi, and NADP+ to the light reactions. | 40 | |
| 583213956 | Produces molecular oxygen (O2) | light reactions alone | 41 | |
| 583213957 | Produces NADH | neither the light reactions nor the Calvin cycle | 42 | |
| 583213958 | In the process of carbon fixation, RuBP attaches a CO2 to produce a 6 carbon molecule, which is then split in two. After phosphorylation and reduction, what more needs to happen in the Calvin cycle? | regeneration of rubisco | 43 | |
| 583213959 | The pH of the inner thylakoid space has been measured, as have the pH of the stroma and of the cytosol of a particular plant cell. Which, if any, relationship would you expect to find? | The pH within the thylakoid is less than that of the stroma. | 44 |
