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| 333775349 | Charles V | Holy Roman emperor (1519-1558) and king of Spain as Charles I (1516-1556). He summoned the Diet of Worms (1521) and the Council of Trent (1545-1563). | 1 | |
| 333775350 | Industrial Revolution | the change from an agricultural to an industrial society and from home manufacturing to factory production, especially the one that took place in England from about 1750 to about 1850. | 2 | |
| 336990087 | Enclosure | the act of enclosing something inside something else | 3 | |
| 336990088 | Urbanization | the social process whereby cities grow and societies become more urban | 4 | |
| 336990089 | Spinning jenny | This machine played an important role in the mechanization of textile production. Like the spinning wheel, it may be operated by a treadle or by hand. But, unlike the spinning wheel, it can spin more than one yarn at a time. The idea for multiple-yarn spinning was conceived about 1764 by James Hargreaves, an English weaver. In 1770, he patented a machine that could spin 16 yarns at a time. (643, 727) | 5 | |
| 336990090 | Eli Whitney | United States inventor of the mechanical cotton gin (1765-1825) | 6 | |
| 336990091 | Cotton Gin | a machine that separates the seeds from raw cotton fibers | 7 | |
| 336990092 | Free market system | Pure capitalism, in which all economic decisions are made without government intervention. | 8 | |
| 336990093 | Robert Fulton | American inventor who designed the first commercially successful steamboat and the first steam warship (1765-1815) | 9 | |
| 336990094 | Karl Marx | German philosopher, economist, and revolutionary. With the help and support of Friedrich Engels he wrote The Communist Manifesto (1848) and Das Kapital (1867-1894). These works explain historical development in terms of the interaction of contradictory economic forces, form the basis of all communist theory, and have had a profound influence on the social sciences. | 10 | |
| 336990095 | Socoalism | The means of planning, producing, and distributing goods are controlled by a central government that theoretically seeks a more Just and equitable distribution of property and labor AKA everything is equal (ex: pay) | 11 | |
| 336990096 | Steam Engine | external-combustion engine in which heat is used to raise steam which either turns a turbine or forces a piston to move up and down in a cylinder | 12 | |
| 336990097 | Communism | a theory or system of social organization based on the holding of all property in common, actual ownership being ascribed to the community as a whole or to the state. | 13 | |
| 336990098 | Social Mobility | The ability of individuals to move from one social standing to another. Social standing is based on degrees of wealth, prestige, education and power. | 14 | |
| 336990099 | Bahadur Shah II | The blind eighty two year old king of Delhi and former Mughal emperor. Teamed up with the Sepoys in Delhi during the mutiny of 1857. He was exiled at the end of the Mutiny to burma and died there | 15 | |
| 336990100 | assembly line | mechanical system in a factory whereby an article is conveyed through sites at which successive operations are performed on it | 16 | |
| 336990101 | capitalism | an economic system in which investment in and ownership of the means of production, distribution, and exchange of wealth is made and maintained chiefly by private individuals or corporations, esp. as contrasted to cooperatively or state-owned means of wealth. | 17 | |
| 336990102 | nationalism | love of country and willingness to sacrifice for it | 18 | |
| 336990103 | Social Darwinism | The application of ideas about evolution and "survival of the fittest" to human societies - particularly as a justification for their imperialist expansion. | 19 | |
| 336990104 | urbanization | the social process whereby cities grow and societies become more urban | 20 | |
| 336990105 | Factory Act of 1883 | 1. passed by british parliament as a means of improving the quality of life of workers. 2. the act limited the hours of each workday, restricted children from working in factories, and required factory owners to better their working conditions. | 21 | |
| 336990106 | Opium War | War between Britain and the Qing Empire that was, in the British view, occasioned by the Qing government's refusal to permit the importation of opium into its territories. The victorious British imposed the one-sided Treaty of Nanking on China. (p. 684) | 22 | |
| 336990107 | Treaty of Nanjing | 1842, ended Opium war, said the western nations would determine who would trade with china, not china, so it set up the unequal treaty system which allowed western nations to own a part of chinese territory and conduct trading business in china under their own laws. This treaty set up 5 treaty ports where westerners could live, work, and be treated under their own laws. One of these were Hong Kong. | 23 | |
| 336990108 | Treaty of Shimonoseki | This treaty ended the First Sino-Japanese War. It gave Japan its first two colonies: Taiwan and the Pescadores Island. | 24 | |
| 336990109 | boer wars | Wars between the Dutch and British in Africa. A sort of cold war between the two powers. The Dutch wanted slavery but the English didn't | 25 |
