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Revolutions Assignment Flashcards

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268709611The Spirit of the LawsThis work by Montesquieu called for a separation of powers and heavily influenced the formation of American government0
268709612Congress of ViennaThis was the meeting between the Quadruple Alliance in order to formulate a peace agreement and to balance the victories of the Napoleonic wars1
268709613Revolution of 1848members of the working class in Paris united to overthrow the regime of Louis Phillippe and creat the Second French revolution2
268709614Simon BolivarThe most important military leader in the struggle for independence in South America. Born in Venezuela, he led military forces there and in Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia.3
268709615Estates GeneralFrance's traditional national assembly with representatives of the three estates, or classes, in French society: the clergy, nobility, and commoners. The calling of the Estates General in 1789 led to the French Revolution.4
268709616Olympe de GougesA proponent of democracy, she demanded the same rights for French women that French men were demanding for themselves. In her Declaration of the Rights of Woman and the Female Citizen (1791), she challenged the practice of male authority and the notion of male-female inequality. She lost her life to the guillotine due to her revolutionary ideas.5
268709617John LockeEnglish philosopher who advocated the idea of a "social contract" in which government powers are derived from the consent of the governed and in which the government serves the people; also said people have natural rights to life, liberty and property.6
268709618Louis XVI and Marie Antoinettequeen and king during the French Revolution, Marie was Austrian (French hate Austrians) lived a spoiled, lavish lifestyle when the rest of France was starving7
268709619Maximilien Robespierre"The incorruptable;" the leader of the bloodiest portion of the French Revolution. He set out to build a republic of virtue.8
268709620Napoleon Bonapartegeneral; Emperor of France; he seized power in a coup d'état in 1799; he led French armies in conquering much of Europe, placing his relatives in positions of power. Defeated at the Battle of Waterloo, he was exiled on the island of Elba9
268709621Declaration of the Rights of the ManStatement of fundamental political rights adopted by the French National Assembly at the beginning of the French Revolution.10
268709622Ancien Regimea political and social system that no longer governs (especially the system that existed in France before the French Revolution)11
268709623National AssemblyFrench Revolutionary assembly (1789-1791). Called first as the Estates General, the three estates came together and demanded radical change. It passed the Declaration of the Rights of Man in 1789. nationalism,Political ideology that stresses people's membership in a nation-a community defined by a common culture and history as well as by territory. In the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, nationalism was a force for unity in western Europe12
268709624JacobinsRadical republican group in French Rev; organized military force that saved republic, but leader Maximilien Robespierre ruled by dictatorship and set Reign of Terror into action13
268709625DirectoryGroup of five men who served as liaisons between Robespierre and the Assembly. Overthrown by Napoleon.14
268709626Civil CodeNapoleonic Code; this code preserved most of the gains of the revolution by recognizing the principle of the equality of all citizens before the law, and ect.15

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