A.P. Composition, Rhetoric Terms Group 6
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| 259701207 | Syntax | The way words are put together to form phrases, clauses, and sentences. Ex: How do I know you, you ask? You ask, "how do I know you?" | |
| 259701208 | Irony | A situation or statement characterized by significant difference between what is expected or understood and what actually happens or is meant. Ex: That large man prefers to be called Tiny. | |
| 259701209 | Epiplexis | A rhetorical device in which the speaker reproaches the audience in order to incite or convince them of certain topic, idea, etc. Ex: Have you no shame for what you've done? | |
| 259701210 | Precedent | Any act, decision, or case that serves as a guide for situations. Ex: After the Brown v. Board of Education court case, in the U.S., it was ruled that laws in establishing segregated public schools were unconstitutional. | |
| 259701211 | Cultural Assumption | The belief that someone has particular values and attitudes based on their cultural background. Ex: All Asians do well in Math class. | |
| 259701212 | Credibility | The quality of being believable. | |
| 259701213 | Premise | A sentence in which an argument is based or a conclusion is drawn. Ex: "Mary spun around in the garden, swinging her arms about, singing a tune." Conclusion: Mary is happy. | |
| 259701214 | Ploce | The repetition of a single word or name with a more specific sense for emphasis. Ex: "Martha! Martha, won't you come here for a second? Martha! Martha?!" | |
| 259701215 | Polemic | A controversial argument. | |
| 259701216 | Archaism | Language that was current in one time, but has passed out of regular use. Ex: Shakespeare's literature | |
| 259701217 | Enthymeme | A syllogism or argument in which a premise or conclusion is unexpressed. Ex: "You lazy son of mine! Do your homework this instant!" While unexpressed, a conclusion about the son may be that he's lazy because he does not do his homework. | |
| 259701218 | Assertion | A positive statement or declaration often without proof or reason. Ex: Calling someone beautiful when you've never seen them before. | |
| 259701219 | Apostrophe | A digression in the form of an address to someone not present, or to a personified object or idea. Ex: Speaking to a deceased relative | |
| 259701220 | Catachresis | The misapplication of a word or phrase. Ex: "The fact that you and Bill have the same last names is ironic." In this case, "ironic" is not the appropriate word. | |
| 259701221 | Ascription | Assigning some quality or character to a person or thing. Ex: "Ionic bonds are friendly with each other." Friendliness has been incorporated as a trait of ionic bonds. | |
| 259701222 | Syllepsis | Usage of a word with two others, each of which are understood differently. Ex: Rend your heart, and not your garments. (Used figuratively in the first case; used literally in the second case.) | |
| 259701223 | Metalepsis | A figure of speech in which one thing is referred to by something else that is only slightly related. Ex: "Her face was horrifically green like broccoli. Her hands were clammy, her palms and forehead sweating, and she swayed back and forth unstably." Broccoli is only slightly related because of its color, but not by any other means. | |
| 259701224 | Paragoge | The addition of a sound or group at the end of a word for emphasis. Ex: "Hellooooooooooooo!" | |
| 259701225 | Anacoluthon | An abrupt change in sentence to a second construction which is inconcistent with the first. Ex: "The sky was bluer than the southern ocean--Joseph, could you quit yelling?? I'm speaking!--and the sands were pure, untouched." | |
| 259701226 | Scesis Onomaton | A string of generally identical phrases or statements. Ex: "The sky was dark, absent of the precious sunlight, blacker than the blackest abyss." Dark, absent of sunlight, and blacker than the blackest abyss all describe the same scenario. | |
| 259701227 | Epistrophe | Repetition of a word or phrase at the end of successive clauses. Ex: "Your hair is long... like hers! Your eyes are blue like hers! Your skin is tanned like hers!" | |
| 259701228 | Synopsis | A short summary. Ex: "Amazing Grace" by Jonathan Kozol was a nonfictional book about poverty and its many negative impacts upon people. |
