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Rhetorical Terms - AP Language Flashcards

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5856663248pleonasmuse of redundant words to enhance a sentence I.E. "I know no stronger man in my life."0
5856820589archaismuse of an older, obsolete form of a word I.E. "O woe arte thou." "Thou arte most studious."1
5856835421aporiaan expression of doubt that shows uncertainty I.E. I closed the door and said to myself, "What have I done?" "Whatever can I do?"2
5856862000paronomasiause of similar sounding words I.E. "Ask for me and you shall find me."3
5856880130hendiadysuse of two words separated by a conjunction to express a single, complex idea I.E. "John is happy and energetic today."4
5856902477hyperbatonchange in the normal order of words to give emphasis I.E "A villain, I must be." "Run, you must."5
5856917927antithesiscontrast of words and ideas in a parallel structure I.E. "I did not love her more, but I loved money less."6
5856947788euphemismsubstitution of an inappropriate or offensive word for a more appropriate, non-offensive word I.E. "We all know how I feel about those... people." "Those... friends of yours are disgusting."7
6016995426anacoluthonlack of grammatical sequence; a change in grammatical construction within the same sentence I.E. "I know of many men -- Are you not a dragon?"8
6017022494anadiplosisthe rhetorical repetition of one or several words; specifically, repetition of a word that ends one clause at the beginning of the next I.E. "Humanity is a virus: a virus of hate, a virus of destruction, a virus of sadness." "He is a man: a man of hatred, a man of death, a man of eternal suffering."9
6017049671assonancerepetition of two similar sounding words next to each other I.E. "Thy kingdom come, thy will be done."10
6017062825cacophonyharsh joining of sounds I.E. "Peter's pickled sausage was seen most marvellously."11
6017085204hyperboleexaggeration for emphasis or for rhetorical effect I.E. My vegetable love should grow Vaster than empires, and more slow; An hundred years should got to praise Thine eyes and on thine forehead gaze; Two hundred to adore each breast, But thirty thousand to the rest. Andrew Marvell, "To His Coy Mistress" *Da mi basia mille, deinde centum, Dein mille altera, dein secunda centum, Deinde usque altera mille, deinde centum. Catullus, to his. "His eyes like moons and his teeth like tombstones."12
6017096760litotesunderstatement, for intensification, by denying the contrary of the thing being affirmed I.E. "A few unannounced quizzes are not inconceivable."13
6017111950metonymysubstitution of one word for another which it suggests I.E. "The pen is mightier than the sword."14
6017126158synesisthe agreement of words according to logic, and not by the grammatical form; a kind of anacoluthon I.E. "For the wages of sin is death."15
6017146704tautologyrepetition of an idea in a different word, phrase, or sentence I.E. "*With malice toward none, with charity for all. "16
6017162371zeugmatwo different words linked to a verb or an adjective which is strictly appropriate to only one of them I.E. "Nor Mars his sword, nor war's quick fire shall burn the living record of your memory." "Nor man, nor woman should be allowed to kill unjustly."17
6017186225polysyndetonthe repetition of conjunctions in a series of coordinate words, phrases, or clauses I.E. "I said, "Who killed him?" and he said, "I don't know who killed him but he's dead all right," and it was dark and there was water standing in the street and no lights and windows broke and boats all up in the town and trees blown down and everything all blown and I got a skiff and went out and found my boat where I had her inside Mango Bay and she was all right only she was full of water. Hemingway, After the Storm"18
6017199887praeteritiopretended omission for rhetorical effect I.E. "That part of our history detailing the military achievements which gave us our several possessions ... is a theme too familiar to my listeners for me to dilate on, and I shall therefore pass it by. "19
6017215237synecdocheunderstanding one thing with another; the use of a part for the whole, or the whole for the part. I.E. "Give us this day our daily bread."20
6027763666anecdotal evidencetelling a story that highlights your point I.E. "Murder is common. One day a man killed..."21
6027796214allegoryan extended narrative in prose or verse in which characters, events, and settings represent abstract qualities and in which the writer intends a second meaning to be read beneath the surface of the story I.E. "All animals are equal but a few are more equal than others."22
6030512185colloquialismthe use of slang or informalities in speech or writing I.E. "You have been bamboozled." "I will not be splamed by these hooligans."23
6030562663antimetabolerepeating a phrase in reverse order I.E. "Eat to live, not live to eat."24
6086997278rhetorical trianglehow a speaker perceives the relationships among the speaker, audience, and subjects25
6087004380SOAPSSubject, Occasion, Audience, Purpose, and Speaker26
6252137828Suspensebuilding up on intensity through the essay, speech, etc. I.E. Hitler's speeches built suspense as the subject became for important and inspiring27
6252462143auxesisvarying forms of increase: hyperbole (overstatement): intentionally overstating a point, its importance, or its significance. climax (ascending series): a series of clauses of increasing force. I.E. I will not be treated like a dog! (starting calm and ending with force.)28
6386924571Elegya poem of serious reflection, typically a lament for the dead (usually sad) I.E. Elegy29
6386943225Enjambmentthe continuation of a sentence without a pause beyond the end of the line30
6386962811Didacticintended to teach, particularly in having a moral I.E. Being angry in life is not the way to live. (purpose) Aesop's Fables31
6386987058Euphonythe quality of being pleasing to the ear32
6387030272hubrisexcessive pride or self confidence I.E. heroes think that they are as powerful as the gods33
6394245734poignant (tone)evoking a keen sense of sadness or regret I.E. It was my fault; my loss, my burden.34

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