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Rubenstein Chapter 1 - Thinking Geographically

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65728485Cartographythe science of making maps
65728486Cultural ecologystudies the relationship between a given society and its natural environment
65728487Densitythe frequency with which something exists within a given unit of area
65728488Diffusionthe process of spread of a feature or trend from one place to another over time
65728489Distance decaythe effect of distance on cultural or spatial interactions
65728490Distributionthe arrangement of something across earth's surface
65728491Environmental Determinismthe view that the physical environment, rather than social conditions, determines culture
65728492Formal region(uniform of homogenous region) an area in which everyone shares in one or more distinctive characteristics
65728493Functional region(nodal region) an area organized around a node or focal point
65728494GISa computer system that stores, organizes, analyzes, and displays geographic data
65728495Globalizationactions or processes that involve that entire world and result in making something worldwide in scope
65728496GPS(global positioning system) is a system that determines accurately the precise position of something on earth
65728497Hearththe region from which innovative ideas originate
65728498International Date Linean arc that for the most part follows 180 degrees longitude, although it deviates in several places to avoid dividing land areas. When you cross the IDL heading East, the clock moves back 24 hours, or an entire day. When you go West it moves ahead one day.
65728499Latitudenumbering system used to indicate the location of parallels drawn on a globe and measuring distance north and south of the equator.
65728500Locationthe position of anything on Earth's surface
65728501Longitudethe numbering system used to indicate the location of meridians drawn on a globe and measuring distance east and west of the prime meridian
65728502Mapa two-dimensional, or flat, representation of earth's surface or a portion of it
65728503Mercator projectiona type of projection with several advantages: shape is distorted very little, direction is consistent, and the map is rectangular. It's greatest disadvantage is that area is grossly distorted toward the poles, making them look much bigger than they are.
65728504Meridianan arc drawn on a map between the North and south poles
65728505Parallela circle drawn around the globe parallel to the equator and at right angles to the meridians
65728506Possiblismthe theory that the physical environment may set limits on human actions, but people have the ability to adjust to the physical environment and choose a course of action from many alternatives
65728507Prime Meridianthe meridian, designated at 0 degrees longitude, which passes through the Royal Observatory at Greenwich, England.
65728508Projectionthe system used to transfer location from earth's surface to a flat map
65728509Remote sensingthe acquisition of data about earth's surface from a satellite orbiting the planet or other long distance methods
65728510Robinson projectionuseful for displaying information across the oceans. It's major disadvantage is that by allocating space to the oceans, the land areas are much smaller than on uninterrupted maps of the same size
65728511Scalegenerally the relationship between the portion of the earth being studied and earth as a whole, specifically the relationship between size of an object on a map and the size of the actual feature of earth's surface
65728512Sitethe physical character of a place
65728513Situationthe location of a place relative to other places
65728514Space-time compressionthe reduction in the time it takes to diffuse something to a distant place, as a result of improved communications and transportation systems.
65728515Stimulus diffusionthe spread of an underlying principle, even though a characteristic itself apparently fails to diffuse.
65728516Toponymname given to a place on earth
65728517Vernacular Region(perceptual region) a place that people believe exists as a part of their cultural identity

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