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SAT: 100 Essential Math Concepts Flashcards

This is a list of all 100 of the SAT Math Concepts

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3624642Number CategoriesIntegers are whole numbers; they include negtavie whole numbers and zero, Rational numbers can be expressed as a ratio of two integers, irration numbers are real numbers that cant be expressed precisely as a fraction or decimal.
3624643Addomg/Subtracting Signed NumbersTo add a positive and negative integer first ignore the signs and find the positive difference between the two integers, attatch the sign of the original with higher absolute value, to subtract negative integers simply change it into an addition problem given that two negatives make a positive, to add or subtract a string of positive and negative integers simply change the whole problem into addtion.
3624644Multiplying/Dividing SIgned NumbersTo multiply or divide integers, firstly ignore the sign and compute the problem, given 2 negatives make a positive, 2 positives make a positive, and one negative, and one positive make a negative attach the correct sign
3624645PEMDASParentheses, Exponents,Multiplication and Division(reversible), Addition and Subtraction (reversible)
3624646Counting Consecutive IntegersTo count consecutive integers, subtract the smallest from the largest and add 1
3624647Exponential GrowthBlank
3624648Union and Intersection of SetsBlank
3624649Factor/MultipleBlank
3624650Prime FactorizationTo find the prime factorization of an integer just keep breaking it up into factors until all the factors are prime
3624651Relative PrimesRelative primes are integers that have no common factor other than 1, to determine whether two integers are relative primes break them both down to their prime factorizations
3624652(Least) Common MultipleBlank
3624653Greatest Common FactorBlank
3624654Even/OddBlank
3624655Multiples of 2 and 4Blank
3624656Multiples of 3 and 9Blank
3624657Multiples of 5 and 10Blank
3624658RemaindersBlank
3624659Reducing FractionsTo reduce a fraction to lowest terms, factor out and cancel all factors the numerator and denominator have in common
3624660Adding/Subtracting FractionsTo add or subtract fraction, first find a common denominator, then add or subtract the numerators
3624661Multiplying FractionsTo multiply fractions, multiply the numerators and multiply the denominators
3624662Dividing FractionsTo divide fractions, invert the second one and multiply
3624663Mixed Numbers and Improper FractionsTo convert a mixed number to an improper fraction, multiply the whole number by the denominator, then add the numerator over the same denominator, to convert an improper fraction to a mixed number, divide the denominator into the numerator to get a whole number quotient with a remainder, the quotient is the whole number, the remainder is the numerator, and the denominator remains the same
3624664ReciprocalTo find the reciprocal of a fraction switch the numerator and the denominator
3624665Comparing FractionsBlank
3624666Converting Fractions and DecimalsBlank
3624667Repeating DecimalBlank
3624668Identifying the Parts and the WholeBlank
3624669Percent FormulaPart = Percent x Whole
3624670Percent Increase and DecreaseBlank
3624671Finding the Original WholeBlank
3624672Combined Percent Increase and DecreaseBlank
3624673Setting up a RatioBlank
3624674Part-to-Part Ratios amd Part-to-Whole RatiosBlank
3624675Solving a ProportionTo solve a proportion, cross multiply
3624676RateBlank
3624677Average RateBlank
3624678Average FormulaAdd up numbers and divide by the number of numbers: Average=Total A/Total B
3624679Average of Evenly Spaced NumbersAvearge the smallest and largest numbers
3624680Using the Average to Find the SumSum=(Average) x (Number of Terms)
3624681Finding the Missing NumberBlank
3624682Median and ModeThe median is the value that falls in the middle of the set, the mode is the value that appears most often
3624683Counting the PossibilitiesIf there are m ways one event can happen and n ways a second event can happen, then there are m × n ways for the 2 events to happen
3624684ProbabilityProbability= Favorable Outcomes/Total Possible Outcomes
3624685Multiplying and Dividing PowersBlank
3624686Raising Powers to PowersBlank
3624687Simplifying Square RootsBlank
3624688Adding and Subtracting RootsBlank
3624689Multiplying and Dividing RootsBlank
3624690Negative Exponent and Rational ExponentBlank
3624691Determining Absolute ValueThe absolute value of a number is the distance of the number from zero, since absolute value is distance it is always positive
3624692Evaluating an ExpressionTo evaluate an algebraic expression, plug in the given values for the unknowns and calculate according to PEMDAS
3624693Adding and Subtracting MonomialsTo combine like terms, keep the variable part unchanged while adding or subtractubg tg coefficients
3624694Adding and Subtraction PolynomialsBlank
3624695Multiplying MonomialsBlank
3624696Multiplying Binomials-FOILBlank
3624697Multiplying other PolynomialsBlank
3624698Factoring out a Common DivisiorBlank
3624699Factoring the Differnce of SquaresBlank
3624700Factoring the Square of a BinomialBlank
3624701Factoring other Polynomials-FOIL in reverseBlank
3624702Simplifying an Algebraic FractionBlank
3624703Solving a Linear EquationBlank
3624704Solving "In Terms Of"Blank
3624705Translating from English into AlgebraBlank
3624706Solving a Quadratic Equationax squared + bx + c = 0
3624707Solving a System of EquationsBlank
3624708Solving an InequalityTo solve an inequality do whatever is necessary to both sides to isolate the variable. When you multiply or divide both sides by a negative number you must reverse the sign
3624709Radical EquationsBlank
3624710Function, Notation, and EvaulationBlank
3624711Direct and Inverse VariationBlank
3624712Domain and Range of a FunctionBlank
3624713Finding the DIstance Between Two PointsBlank
3624714Using Two Points to Find the SlopeBlank
3624715Using an Equation to Find the SlopeTo find the slope of a line from an equation, put the equation into slope-intercept form (m is the slope): y=mx+b
3624716Using an Equation to Find an InterceptTo find the y-intercept put the equation into slope-intercept form (b is the y-intercept): y=mx+b or plug x=0 and solve for y; to find the x-intercept plug y=0 and solve for x
3624717Finding the MidpointBlank
3624718Intersecting LinesWhen two lines intersect, adjacent angles are supplementary and vertical angles are equal
3624719Parallel Lines and TransversalsBlank
3624720Interior and Exterior Angles of a TriangleThe 3 angles of any triangle add up to 180 degrees, an exteriror angles of a triangle is equal to the sum of the remote interior angles, the 3 exterior angles add up to 360 degrees
3624721Similar TrianglesSimilar triangles have the same shape: corresponding angles are equal and corresponding sides are proportional
3624722Area of a TriangleArea of Triangle = 1/2 (base)(height), the height is the perpendicular distance between the side that's chosen as the base and the opposite vertex
3624723Triangle Inequality TheoremThe length of one side of a triangle must be greater than the difference and less than the sum of the lengths of the other two sides
3624724Isosceles and Equilateral trianglesAn isosceles triangle has 2 equal sides and the angles opposite the equal sides (base angles) are also equal, an equaliteral is a triangle where all 3 sides are equal, thus the angles are equal, regardless of side length the angle is always 60 degrees
3624725Pythagorean TheoremFor all right triangles: (leg1)2 + (leg2)2 = (hypotenuse)2
3624726The 3-4-5 TriangleIf a right triangle's leg-to-leg ratio is 3:4, or if the leg-to-hypotenuse ratio is 3:5 or 4:5, it's a 3-4-5 triangle and you don't nee dtp ise the Pythagorean theorem to find the third side
3624727The 5-12-13 TriangleIf a right triangle's leg-to-leg ratio is 5:12, or if the leg-to-hypotenuse ratio is 5:13 or 12:13, it's a 5-12-13 triangle and you don't nee dtp ise the Pythagorean theorem to find the third side
3624728The 30-60-90 TriangleThe sides of a 30-60-90 triangle are in a ratio of x:x square root 3: 2x, you don't need the Pythagorean theorem
3624729The 45-95-90 TriangleThe sides of a 45-45-90 triangle are in a ratio of x:x:square root 2.
3624730Characteristics of a RectangleA rectangle is a four-sided figure with four right angles opposite sides are equal, diagonals are equal; Area of Rectangle = length x width
3624731Characteristics of a ParallelogramA parallelogram has two pairs of parallel sides, opposite sides are equal, opposite angles are equale, consecutive angles add up to 180 degrees; Area of Parallelogram = base x height
3624732Characteristics of a SquareA square is a rectangle with four equal sides; Area of Square = (Side)2
3624733Interior Angles of a PolygonThe sum of the measures of the interior angles of a polygon = (n - 2) × 180, where n is the number of sides
3624734Circumference of a CircleCircumference = 2πr
3624735Length of an ArcAn arc is a piece of the circumference. If n is the degree measure of the arc's central angle, then the formula is: Length of an Arc = 1 (n/360) (2πr)
3624736Area of a CircleArea of a Circle = πr2
3624737Area of a SectorA sector is a pieece of the area of a circle. If n is the degree measure of the sector's central angle then the formula is: Area of a Sector = (n/360) (πr)2
3624738TangencyWhen a line is tangent to a circle the radius of the circles perpendicular to the line at the point of contact
3624739Surface Area of a Rectangular SolidSurface Area = 2lw + 2wh + 2lh
3624740Volume of a Rectangular SolidVolume of a Rectangular Solid = lwh; Volume of a Cube= (L)3
3624741Volume of a CylinderVolume of a Cylinder = πr2h

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