Scientific Revolution: 1543-1795
Scientific Revolution led to:
•Enlightenment
•Clash w/ religion
•Agricultural Revolution
•Improvement in exploration
•Decline in witch hunts
The Enlightenment (1690-1795)
Enlightenment leads to:
•Emergence of a secular world view of the universe (for the first time in Western history)
•Enlightened despotism
•American and French Revolution (as a result of classical liberalism)
•educational reform
•laissez-faire capitalism (in th 19th century)
Terms : Hide Images
| 790934638 | Tycho Brahe | Influenced by Copernicus; Built observatory and collected data on the locations of stars and planets for over 20 years; His limited knowledge of mathematics prevented him from making much sense out of the data; works later used by Kepler, Galileo and others | 0 | |
| 790934639 | Andreas Vesalius | "The Structure of the Human Body" modernized study anatomy based on dissection | 1 | |
| 790934640 | William Harvey | "On the Movement of Heart and Blood in Animals" demonstrated function of heart and circulation of blood | 2 | |
| 790934641 | Anton von Leeuwenhoek | developed powerful microscopes; first to see and write about microorganisms | 3 | |
| 790934642 | Francis Bacon | empiricism: first-hand study of scientific subjects; inductive method: scientific conclusion is reached after much observation; believed in the inductive method as well as using experimentation | 4 | |
| 790934643 | Rene Descartes | Cartesian dualism- divided existence into spiritual and the material; developed analytical geography; deductive method- conclusion in reached by logic; "I think therefore I am"; | 5 | |
| 790934644 | John Locke | "Two Treatises on Civil Government"-justified supremeacy of England's Parliament- government formed by consent of the governed to protect their natural rights; "Essay Concerning Human Understanding"- tabula rasa-knowledge derived from experience | 6 | |
| 790934645 | Voltaire | religious and political toleration; advocated "enlightened despotism" (Age of ___: Began with the Consulate before Napoleon's coup); deism | 7 | |
| 790934646 | Baron de Montesquieu | "Spirit of the Laws"- separation of powers; checks and balances | 8 | |
| 790934647 | Jean-Jacques Rousseau | The Social Contract- people agreed to be ruled by General Will; gov't is necessary evil | 9 | |
| 790934648 | Denis Diderot | wrote "The Encyclopedia" | 10 | |
| 790934649 | Marquis de Beccaria | certainty of punishment > the severity of punishment in detering crime; criticized torture; influenced the enlightened despots (Frederick William the Great Elector, Catherine the Great, Joseph II) | 11 | |
| 790934650 | Francois Quesnay | (1694-1774) French economist; was the undisputed leader of the Physiocrats, the first systematic school of economic thought. Among its tenets were the economic and moral righteousness of laissez-faire policies and the notion that land was the ultimate source of all wealth. | 12 | |
| 790934651 | Adam Smith | "Wealth of Nations"- "Bible" of capitalism, laissez-faire; economy governed by natural laws of supply and demand | 13 | |
| 790934652 | Immanuel Kant | German philosopher of Enlightenment;separated science and morality into separate branches of knowledge;science could describe nature, it could not provide a guide for morality | 14 |
