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Scientific View of the World/Enlightenment Flashcards

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39730599Deductive Reasoningreasoning from the general to the particular (or from cause to effect)0
39730600Inductive Reasoningreasoning from detailed facts to general principles1
39730601Empiricismmedical practice and advice based on observation and experience in ignorance of scientific findings2
39730602Cognito Ergo Sum"I think, therefore I am"3
39730603Novum OrganumBacon coined this term, meaning "The New Organon" or system of investigation4
39730604Heliocentrichaving the sun as the center5
39730605Cartesian DualismSeparation of mind and matter, allowed something to be investigated independently by reason6
39730606Hugo Grotiusa Dutch journalist who called for an international code based on natural law. Believed that one body of rules could reduce the dealing of governments to a system of reason and order7
39730607Leviathanmonstrous sea creature symbolizing evil in the Old Testament8
39730608Wealth of NationsThis is the 18th century book written by Scottish economist Adam Smith in which he spells out the first modern account of free market economies.9
39730609The Spirit of LawsMontesquieu, about separation of powers.10
39730610Social Contractan implicit agreement among people that results in the organization of society11
39730611CondorcetWrote The Progress of the Human Mind. He identified humans will go through 10 stages of progress. They were about to enter the tenth where humans will be perfect in understanding.12
39730612Laissez-fairepolicy based on the idea that government should play as a role13
39730613Tailletax on property and land, provided permanent income for French royal government14
39730614Maria Theresaempress of austria15
39730615Joseph IIThis was the ruler of the Habsburgs that controlled the Catholic Church closely, granted religious toleration and civic rights to Protestants and Jews, and abolished serfdom16
39730616Leopold IIBelgian king who ruthlessly exploited the natives on his African land for personal gain.17
39730617Toryan American who favored the British side during the American Revolution18
39730618Whiga member of the Whig Party in the United States in pre-Civil-War times19

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