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Simsbury High School AP English Literature Terms Flashcards

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4347929294acta drama is usually divided into acts, and the acts are divided into scenes0
4347947920allegoryan extended narrative that carries a second meaning along with the surface story1
4347965050allusiona reference, usually brief to a presumably familiar person or thing2
4347973190ambiguityany wording, action, or symbol that can be read in divergent ways3
4347977098anaphoraThe intentional repetition of a word or beginning clauses in order to create an artistic effect4
4347995490anecdotea short and interesting story or an amusing event often proposed to support or demonstrate some point and to make the reader or listener laugh5
4347999179antagonistthe character in conflict with the protagonist6
4348023756anticlimaxliterally, an effect which works against the climax, frequently a descent from a noble or lofty tone to one noticeably less exalted7
4348038820antithesisa rhetorical device in which sharply opposing ideas are expressed within a balanced grammatical structure8
4348054876apostrophea figure of speech in which someone absent or dead or something nonhuman is addressed as if it were alive and present and could reply9
4348058346asidea short passage spoken in an undertone, usually directed to the audience and presumed to be inaudible to other characters on the stage, and, most important, presumed to be true10
4348086506atmospherethe emotional mood created by the entirety of a literary work, established partly by the setting and partly by the author's choice of objects that are described11
4353266564blank verseunrhymed iambic pentameter12
4348089764flat charactera character who exhibits one dominant quality13
4348091413round charactera character that exhibits the complexity of traits associated with real people14
4348092774static charactera character that does not change during the course of the action15
4348094486dynamic charactera character that undergoes a change during the course of the action (matures)16
4348096159stock charactera character found again and again in different literary works17
4348100791catastrophethe conclusion of a play, particularly a tragedy, that winds up the plot18
4348106480catharsisthe purging of the emotions or relieving of emotional tensions through certain kinds of art, as tragedy or music19
4348127855climaxthe point at which a conflict or crisis reaches its peak; the moment at which the audience realizes whether the protagonist will win or lose the struggle20
4348140811colloquialordinary language used in everyday speech21
4348148782conceitA figure of speech in which two vastly different objects are likened together with the help of an extended similes or metaphors. It develops a comparison which is exceedingly unlikely but is, nonetheless, intellectually imaginative22
4348163698comic reliefa humorous scene, incident, character, or bit of dialogue occurring after some serious or tragic moment to relieve emotional intensity23
4348170384external conflicta struggle between a character and some outside force in a literary work24
4348172552internal conflicta struggle that takes place within a character in a literary work25
4348178406connotationthe implications or suggestions evoked by a word26
4348181594consonancewhen two words in a line or lines of poetry have different vowel sounds but share the same consonant sounds27
4348187621comedyGenerally deals with the light and amusing side of life, and it usually has a happy ending. It pictures life accurately, but not profoundly, and often deals with the folly and absurdity of people.28
4351238545crisisA brief period of time in a story or play when a conflict is intensified to the point where a resolution must occur.29
4351273446dialectthe language of a particular district, class, or group of persons30
4351274321dialogueThe lines spoken by a character or characters in a play, essay, story, or novel, especially a conversation between two characters, or a literary work that takes the form of such a discussion31
4351278273dictionchoice, use, and order of words in speech or writing32
4351280484denotationthe literal or primary meaning of a word, in contrast to the feelings or ideas that the word suggests33
4351281940denouement/ falling actionthe sequence of events that follow the climax and end in the resolution in contrast to the rising action, which leads up to the plot's climax34
4351285246deus ex machinaan unrealistic or unexpected intervention to rescue the protagonists or resolve the story's conflict35
4351287309discoursewritten or spoken communication or debate -- can be classified into four main categories: exposition, narration, description, argument36
4353227848dystopian literaturegenre of fictional writing used to explore social and political structures in 'a dark, nightmare world.'37
4351298755enjambmenta run-on line of poetry in which logical and grammatical sense carries over from one line into the next38
4351302938epigrama short usually witty statement, graceful in style and ingenious in thought39
4351324260epigrapha quotation preceding a book, chapter, or poem often intended to evoke something of its theme or atmosphere40
4352663331epiloguea conclusion added to a literary work such as a novel, play, or long poem; the opposite of a prologue41
4352666884epithetan adjective or phrase that is used to express the characteristic of a person or thing, such as Ivan the Terrible42
4352671805expositionthe part of the story, usually near the beginning, in which the characters are introduced, the background is explained, and the setting is described.43
4352691769euphemismrefers to polite, indirect expressions which replace words and phrases considered harsh and impolite or which suggest something unpleasant or harsh44
4352699010fablea brief story which illustrates some moral truth, often through animal characters45
4352704272farcea form of low comedy designed to provoke laughter through highly exaggerated caricatures of people in improbable or silly situations46
4352711092flashbacka scene inserted into a film, novel, story or play showing events which happened at an earlier time47
4352719195foila character that serves by contrast to highlight or emphasize opposing traits in another character48
4353268709free versepoetry that lacks regular meter and line length, relying upon the natural speech rhythms of the language49
4352724732genrea type or category of literature or film marked by certain shared features or conventions50
4352726952hamartiaa tragic flaw, especially a misperception, a lack of some important insight51
4352738902herotraditionally, a character who has such admirable traits as courage, idealism, and fortitude, but also defined as the principal character of a literary work52
4352755017heroic coupleta pair of rhymed iambic pentameter lines53
4352756455hubrisexcessive pride and self-confidence - often the tragic hero's hamartia54
4352761039hyperboledeliberate exaggeration, used for either serious or comic effect55
4352769981Iambic pentametera line of verse with five metrical feet, each consisting of one short (or unstressed) syllable followed by one long (or stressed) syllable56
4352777005Inciting Incidentthe event or decision that begins a story's problem57
4352786767Invectivean attack, on a person or idea, using abusive language to ridicule or denounce58
4352792482inversion (anastrophe)the deliberate inversion of the common order of words59
4352802703ironya device in which the writer expresses a meaning contradictory to the stated or ostensible one60
4352818901dramatic ironysomething is known by the reader or audience, but unknown by some or all of the characters61
4352841031verbal ironythe attitude of the writer or speaker is the opposite to that which is literally stated62
4352855237irony of situationa set of circumstances turns out to be the reverse of those anticipated or considered appropriate63
4353046241juxtapositiona literary technique in which two or more ideas, places, characters and their actions are placed side by side in a narrative or a poem for the purpose of developing comparisons and contrasts64
4353051447litotesan idea is expressed by the denial of it's opposite65
4353051923metaphora figure of speech in which two unlike objects are compared by identification or substitution of one for the other (without using "like" or "as")66
4353054542metonymya figure of speech in which the name of some object or idea is substituted for another to which it has some relation (ex. the White House)67
4353060321mooda literary element that evokes certain feelings or vibes in readers through words and descriptions68
4353063763monologuean extended speech by one person when others are on stage69
4353065173motifa theme, character, or verbal pattern which recurs in literature or folklore70
4353068105motivationa reason that explains, or partially explains a character's thoughts, feelings, actions or speech71
4353077657narrative structuregenerally described as the structural framework that underlies the order and manner in which a narrative is presented to a reader, listener, or viewer72
4353069101novelany extended fictional prose narrative focusing on a few primary characters but often involving scores of secondary characters73
4353070193novellaa written, fictional, prose narrative normally longer than a short story but shorter than a novel74
4353073358onomatopoeiawords whose pronunciation suggests their meaning75
4353082066parablea short, simple story illustrating a moral lesson76
4353084156paradoxa statement which, though it appears self-contradictory, contains a basis of truth that reconciles the seeming opposites77
4353084962parallelismthe arrangement of equally important ideas in similar grammatical constructions78
4353092030personificationa figure of speech in which inanimate objects or abstract ideas are endowed with human qualities or characteristics79
4353096002point of viewthe point from which a story is seen or told: first person, second person, third person omniscient, third person limited omniscient, third person objective80
4353103564prologuean opening section of a longer work81
4353106314proseliterary expression not marked by rhyme or metrical regularity; the language used in novels, short stories, articles, etc.82
4353110185proverba short popular saying, generally an observation or a piece of advice83
4353113499puna play on the multiple meanings of a word, or on two words that sound alike but have different meanings84
4353116452refraina line or lines repeated at intervals in a poem or song, usually at the end of a stanza85
4353118213repetitionrepeating a word, phrase, or sentence in a passage of prose or poetry to make an idea more clear or for emphasis86
4353124557rhyme Schemethe arrangement of rhymes in a unit of verse87
4353125401rising actiona series of related incidents build toward the point of greatest interest; the part of a play preceding the climax88
4353128356sarcasmthe use of irony to mock or convey contempt; bitter, derisive expression89
4353135323satirewriting used to expose and criticize foolishness and corruption of an individual or a society through humor, irony, exaggeration or ridicule with the intention of improving humanity by criticizing its follies and foibles90
4353138079similean expressed comparison between two unlike objects, usually using "like" or "as"91
4353145116slanginformal diction or the use of vocabulary considered inconsistent with the preferred formal wording common among the educated or elite in a culture92
4353151139slant rhyme (also approximate rhyme)rhymes created out of words with similar but not identical sounds.93
4353153283soliloquyone character ALONE on stage speaks directly to the audience to reveal what he or she is thinking and/or to reveal his or her true self94
4353154154stream-of-consciousnessa method of narration that describes in words the flow of thoughts in the minds of the characters95
4353165206subplota literary technique, it is a secondary plot, or a strand of the main plot that runs parallel to it and supports it96
4353179639synecdochea figure of speech in which a part represents the whole object or idea (ex. All hands on deck)97
4353185195syntaxthe arrangement of words and sentences in writing98
4353189104symbola word, place, character, or object that means something beyond what it is on a literal level.99
4353190040themethe central idea explored in a literary work; a universal statement (truth) about life100
4353193438tonethe attitude of a writer toward a subject or an audience101
4353194413tragedydeals with serious themes and is concerned with human suffering; the protagonist struggles but cannot win; defeat is inevitable102
4353199786tragic heroa person of stature who is neither villainous nor exceptionally virtuous; he or she moves from happiness to misery through some frailty or error, his or her "tragic flaw." This tragic flaw brings about his or her downfall.103
4371697712tragic flawthe character flaw that brings down the tragic hero, often hubris104
4353205666understatementthe device of presenting something as less significant than it really is105
4353207930villainan evil character who acts in opposition to the hero106
4353212929utopian literaturea type of literature in which an ideal society is depicted107
4353234517voltain a sonnet, the turn of thought or argument: in Petrarchan or Italian sonnets it occurs between the octave and the sestet, and in Shakespearean or English before the final couplet.108
4353235407voiceeither, the author's individual writing style or point of view OR the characteristic speech and thought patterns of a first-person narrator; a persona109
4353236091verselines arranged in metrical patterns OR a single line of poetry110

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