Terms : Hide Images
| 3809408103 | Two types of aggression | Instrumental and hostile | 0 | |
| 3809408104 | Instrumental aggression | Means to an end. Ex: Motivated by something other than hostility, like attention, meat a goal, acquire resources. |  | 1 |
| 3809408105 | Nature: evolutionary explanation for sex differences in aggression | Aggression is adaptive; intrasexual comp; genes; males aggress,are dominant and make offspring | 2 | |
| 3809408106 | Aggression | Behavior intended to physically or mentally harm another person or animal. Can be action or inaction, physical or verbal. | 3 | |
| 3809408107 | Hostile aggression | Harm for its own sake. Often impulsive for revenge or jealousy,genuinely motivated to harm. |  | 4 |
| 3809408108 | Nature: biological accounts | Testosterone = more aggression, seratonin= less aggression ; amygdala = aggression when stimulated | 5 | |
| 3809408109 | Nurture: social learning theory | Behavior can be learned through observation alone. (Vicarious learning) | 6 | |
| 3809408110 | Example study of social learning theory | Bandura: bobo doll. Kids were most likely to imitate the adults violent behavior if they were the same sex. Girls didn't match the violence of the women compared to men, however, because they were already socialized that it was weird to see women be violent. | 7 | |
| 3809408111 | Nurture: socialization and gender dif | Sex differences in expression;social roles make it more acceptable for men to be aggressive. | 8 | |
| 3809408112 | Culture of honor study | Greater behavioral and physiological displays of aggression by men in the south BC of culture of honor | 9 | |
| 3809408113 | Nurture:situational influence | Frustration aggression hypothesis | 10 | |
| 3809408114 | Frustration aggression hypothesis | When goal is thwarted, frustration occurs which causes aggression. | 11 | |
| 3809408115 | 2 main point of frustration aggression hypothesis | 1. interruption of progress always =aggression 2. all aggression is caused by frustration | 12 | |
| 3809408116 | Study example of frustration aggression hypothesis | Kids playing with toys: some kids could play right away, some had to wait. Those who had to wait (were interrupted) played more aggressively than the others when they got the toys | 13 | |
| 3809408117 | Study: proximity of goal | People are more likely to act aggressively when closer to the goal (looked at cutting in lines) | 14 | |
| 3809408118 | Does frustration always lead to aggression? Follow up study: Negative Affect (berkawitz) | It does not always lead to aggression. It often leads to a readiness to aggress if other parts of the situation lend themselves to that. Anything that causes negative effect can lead to aggression. Like pain, noises, heat, and provocation | 15 | |
| 3809408119 | Is aggression innate in animals? | It is, but can be overridden by early experience (kitten and mouse friends) | 16 | |
| 3809408120 | Why was the south more likely to be violent than the north in culture of honor study? | Economic: ppl from the south were from herding cultures in which they needed to be aggressive and vigilant at all times to protect their herds. This fosters a COH BC small disputes put a mans rep on the line. The north was much more agricultural, fostering community and partnership | 17 | |
| 3809408121 | How is sexual violence influenced by COH? | Both sexes believe that it is appropriate for a man to assault a woman if he thinks she is threatening his honor by cheating on him or leaving him | 18 | |
| 3809408122 | Relational aggression | Harms another person through manipulation of relationships in covert acts such as gossiping and rumors and exclusion. More common in women and girls | 19 | |
| 3809408123 | Think-drink effect | When people expect alcohol to increase their aggression, they do become more aggressive even when drinking something non alc | 20 | |
| 3809408124 | Why does alc affect aggression? | It disinhibits us, lowering anxiety and impairing the part of the brain involved in planning and controlling behavior | 21 | |
| 3809408125 | What is the relationship between bodily pain and aggression? | Bodily discomfort such as heat and cold and offensive odors lower the threshold for aggressive acts. Ex: during civil rights movement riots were far more likely to occur on hot days than cold | 22 | |
| 3809408126 | Why is global warming going to produce more aggression/violent crime? 3 reasons | 1. Effect of uncomfortable heat on irritability and violence 2. Economic and social factors that put youth at risk of violence: poverty, poor education, bad healthcare bad nutrition broken fams 3. Effects on pops whose livelihood and survival are at risk BC of droughts and famine | 23 | |
| 3809408127 | Which factors increase frustration ? (And also aggression) | 1. Closeness to your goal (line cutting) 2. When frustration is unexpected (phone bank) 3. Frustration makes us more likely to be angry or READY to aggress | 24 | |
| 3809408128 | Frustration is not the same as deprivation:why? | Kids who don't have toys don't aggress more than kids with toys, it's the thwarting of an expectation | 25 | |
| 3809408129 | Why does relative, not absolute deprivation, cause anger/aggression? | Bc ppl see a discrepancy between what they have and what they expect to have or what others similar to you have. Less than what you think you deserve | 26 | |
| 3809408130 | How do provocation and reciprocation relate to aggression? | Aggression often stems from the need to reciprocate After being provoked by aggressive behavior. This isn't as likely however if we think the provocation is unintentional. | 27 | |
| 3809408131 | Can certain objects be automatically aggressive stimuli? | Yes, certain objects are associated with aggressive responses and increase the liklihood of aggression. | 28 | |
| 3809408132 | What study is associated with aggressive objects? | Angering college students with either a gun or neutral badminton racket in the room. Those with the gun more likely to aggress afterward. "The finger pulls the trigger, but the trigger may be pulling the finger" | 29 | |
| 3809408133 | Aggressive stimulus | An object associated with aggressive responses whose mere presence can increase the prob of aggression | 30 | |
| 3809408134 | Besides bandura, what is another study that demonstrates social learning theory of aggression? | Bushman - found that if a violent story was attributed to the bible and te violence was sanctioned by God, the reader was more likely to behave aggressively afterward. This showed that when respected institutions or ppl endorse aggression,It impacts the attitudes and behavior of ppl. | 31 | |
| 3809408135 | Why does watching violent media often increase aggression and violence? (3 reasons) | 1. Increases physiological arousal 2. Triggers an automatic tendency to imitate violent characters 3. Primes existing aggressive ideas and expectations | 32 | |
| 3809408136 | How does the numbing effect of violent media affect people? | It increase our indifference to victims of violence, makes us more accepting of violence as part of life, and makes ppl more oblivious to the needs of others. Less emotional sensitivity | 33 | |
| 3809408137 | Longitudinal effects of media violence? | -the more violent tv kids watch the more violence them exhibit as teenager and adults -more violent tv makes kids have a more exaggerated view of the amount of violence in the world and a heightened fear of being personally assaulted. | 34 | |
| 3809408138 | Conclusions on violent media? | It does impact average kids, but has the largest impact on people already prone to violent behavior | 35 | |
| 3809408139 | What are the 5 reasons why exposure to media violence might increase aggression to vulnerable viewers? | 1. If they can do it, so can I (it's ok) 2. Oh, so that's how you do it! (Triggers social learning Theory imitation) 3. Puts them more in touch with angry feelings and heightens reaction to them 4. Ho hum another brutal beating 5. Better get him before he gets me! | 36 | |
| 3809408140 | Is severe punishment likely to deter violent crime? | Only if the punishment is is prompt and unavoidable. Otherwise no. | 37 | |
| 3809408141 | What is Violence defined as? | Extreme acts of aggression | 38 |
