Bacteria and Viruses
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| Single-celled organisms that lack a nucleus, and are typically smaller than eukaryotic cells. | ||
| Name commonly given to prokaryotes. | ||
| A wide group of microorganisms whose cell walls contain peptidoglycan. | ||
| A carbohydrate found in the cell walls of eubacteria. | ||
| A group of microorganisms whose cell walls do not contain peptidoglycan and that typically live in extremely harsh environments. | ||
| Rod-shaped prokaryotes. | ||
| Spherical prokaryotes | ||
| Spiral and corkscrew-shaped prokaryotes. | ||
| An organisms that gets its energy by consuming molecules made by other organisms. | ||
| An organism that gets its energy directly from the environment. | ||
| An organism that must take in organic molecules for both energy and carbon. | ||
| An organism that can get energy from sunlight, but needs to consume organic molecules for carbon. | ||
| An organism that uses light energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into carbon compounds. | ||
| An organism that uses chemical reactions involving molecules, not sunlight, to make its own food. | ||
| Organisms that need oxygen to live. | ||
| Organisms that are killed by oxygen. | ||
| Organisms that do not need oxygen, but are not killed by it; they switch their energy-using processes based on their environment. | ||
| A form of asexual reproduction in which a bacterium splits itself in half. | ||
| A form of reproduction in bacteria in which a hollow bridge forms between two cells, allowing for the transfer of genes between cells. | ||
| Produced when there are unfavorable conditions and a bacterium produces a thick internal wall enclosing its DNA and part of its cytoplasm. | ||
| The process done by some bacteria that converts nitrogen gas from the atmosphere into a form plants can use. | ||
| A particle of nucleic acid, protein, and, in some cases, lipids, that reproduces only by infecting living cells. | ||
| A type of virus that infects bacteria. | ||
| Type of viral infection where a virus enters a cell, makes copies of itself, and causes the host cell to burst. | ||
| Type of viral infection where a virus integrates its DNA into the DNA of the host cell, allowing its DNA to be duplicated along with the host╒s DNA. | ||
| A virus that contains RNA as its genetic information. | ||
| A disease causing agent such as a bacterium or virus. | ||
| Disease caused by bacteria damaging cells and tissues. | ||
| Disease caused by bacteria releasing toxins. | ||
| A process of destroying bacteria by subjecting them to high temperatures for an extended period of time. | ||
| A chemical solution that kills bacteria. | ||
| Lyme disease, tetanus, tuberculosis, diptheria, meningitis, strep throat, and tooth decay. | ||
| Turmor or cancer-causing viruses. | ||
| Common cold, influenza, smallpox, warts, AIDS, chickenpox, measles, hepatitis, west nile, polio. | ||
| Single-stranded RNA molecules that have no surrounding capsids. | ||
| Infectious particles that contain protein as their genetic material. | ||
| 1. Bacteria generate food and oxygen for us. 2. Bacteria recycle nutrients back into ecosystems. 3. Bacteria fix nitrogen for plants. 4. Bacteria are used to make medicines. 5. Bacteria help us digest our food. | ||
| Bacteria can eat an organism's cells for food, as in tuberculosis; or release toxins into your body, as in tetanus. | ||
| Lysogenic infections have an incubation period where the virus is building up in the organism's body before any symptoms are seen. Also, the viral DNA is embedded into the host's DNA, making it impossible to get rid of. | ||
| Archaebacteria are the ancestors of eukaryotes because their DNA is most similar to ours. | ||
| No, a virus is not a living thing because it cannot grow or reproduce with out a host cell. | ||
| Antibiotics do not work against the virus that causes the cold, and may kill the good bacteria that live in your digestive tract. This can cause side effects like pain, nausea, and diarrhea. Also, the overuse of antibiotics may lead to the development of antibiotic-resistent strains of bacteria. |
