Objective 1- The student will demonstrate an understanding of issues and events in U.S.
1A- identify the major eras in U.S. history through 1877 and describe their defining characteristics.
1B- apply absolute and relative chronology through the sequencing of significant individuals, events, and time periods.
1C- explain the significance of the following dates: 1607, 1776, 1787, 1803, and1861-1865
2B- compare political, economic, and social reasons for establishment of the 13 colonies.
4A- analyze causes of the American Revolution, including mercantilism and British economic policies f4B- explain the roles played by significant individuals during the American Revolution, including Samuel Adams, Benjamin Franklin, King George III, Thomas Jefferson, Thomas Paine, and George Washington.ollowing the French and Indian War.
4C- explain the issues surrounding important events of the American Revolution, including declaring independence; writing the Articles of Confederation; fighting the battles of Lexington, Concord, Saratoga, and Yorktown; and signing the Treaty of Paris.
4D- analyze the issues of the Philadelphia Convention of 1787, including major compromises and arguments for and against ratification.
5C- explain the origin and development of American political parties.
5D- explain the issues surrounding important events of the War of 1812
5E- explain the impact of Washington's Farewell Address and the Monroe Doctrine.
5F- explain the impact of the election of Andrew Jackson, including the beginning of the modern Democratic Party.
5G- analyze federal Indian policies and the removal and resettlement of Cherokee Indians during the Jacksonian era.
6A- explain how the Northwest Ordinance established principles and procedures for orderly expansion of the United States.
6B- explain the political, economic, and social roots of Manifest Destiny.
6C- analyze the relationship between the concept of Manifest Destiny and the westward growth of the nation.
6D- explain the major issues [and events] of the Mexican War and their impact on the United States.
7A- analyze the impact of tariff policies on sections of the United States before the Civil War.
7B- compare the effects of political, economic, and social factors on slaves and free blacks.
7C- analyze the impact of slavery on different sections of the United States.
7D- compare the provisions and effects of congressional conflicts and compromises prior to the Civil War, including the roles of John C. Calhoun, Henry Clay, and Daniel Webster.
8A- explain the roles played by significant individuals during the Civil War, including Jefferson Davis, Ulysses S. Grant, Robert E. Lee, and Abraham Lincoln.
8B- explain the issues surrounding significant events of the Civil War, including the firing on Fort Sumter, the battles of Gettysburg and Vicksburg, the announcement of the Emancipation Proclamation, the assassination of Lincoln, and Lee's surrender at Appomattox Court House.
8C- analyze Abraham Lincoln's ideas about liberty, equality, union, and government as contained in his first and second inaugural addresses and the Gettysburg Address
| 366623415 | exploration | The investigation of unknown regions | |
| 366623416 | colonization | Establish of a new settlement or territory governed by a country in another land. | |
| 366623417 | republic | A country governed by elected representatives. | |
| 366623418 | revolution | An overthrow or repudiation and the thorough replacement of an established government or political system. | |
| 366623419 | Constitution | A written plan that provides the basic framework of a government. | |
| 366623420 | Industrial Revolution | The dramatic change in economies brought about by the use of machines to do work formally done by hand. | |
| 366623421 | Civil War | A war fought between northern and southern states over states rights and slavery. | |
| 366623422 | Reconstruction | The period after the Civil War when the federal government ruled the southern states in order to rebuild them and allow them back into the Union. | |
| 366623424 | Captain John Smith | Leader responsible for the survival of Jamestown. | |
| 366623425 | French and Indian War | The war in America in which France and its Indian allies opposed England 1754-60: ended by Treaty of Paris in 1763 | |
| 366623426 | Declaration of Independence | The public act by which the Second Continental Congress, on July 4, 1776, declared the colonies to be free and independent of England | |
| 366623427 | Constitutional Convention | The convention in Philadelphia (1787) of representatives from each of the former Colonies,except Rhode Island, at which the Constitution of the United States was framed. | |
| 366623428 | George Washington | Commander-in-Chief of Continental Army and first President of the United States. | |
| 366623429 | Thomas Jefferson | Author of Declaration Of Independence and third President of the United States. | |
| 366623430 | Benjamin Franklin | American statesman, diplomat, author, scientist, and inventor. | |
| 366623431 | Jacksonian Democracy | A movement for more democracy in the American government in the 1830s. Led by President Andrew Jackson, this movement championed greater rights for the common man | |
| 366623433 | 1607 | The year that Jamestown, Virginia was founded. First successful colony. | |
| 366623434 | 1776 | The year The Declaration of Independence declared the United States independence from Great Britain. | |
| 366623435 | 1787 | The year The United States Constitution is drafted as the supreme law of the land. | |
| 366623436 | 1803 | The year that the Louisiana Territory was purchased by a treaty signed with France in by which the U.S. purchased for $15,000,000 the land extending from the Mississippi River to the Rocky Mountains and from Canada to the Gulf of Mexico, almost doubling the size of the United States. | |
| 366623437 | 1861-1865 | Period of time of The Civil War, a war fought between northern and southern states over states rights and slavery. | |
| 366623439 | Religious freedom | The right to worship freely and practice the religion of choice. | |
| 366623440 | Democratic | Ruled by the people. In a democracy, citizens elect representatives to make and carry out laws. | |
| 366623441 | Gold,God,Glory | The reasons that motivated early exploration. | |
| 366623442 | Colonial Assemblies | An example of representative government. | |
| 366623443 | Free Enterprise | Business without government intervention. | |
| 366623444 | Republic | A country governed by elected representatives. | |
| 366623446 | Mercantilism | The colonies exist for the benefit of the mother country. | |
| 366623447 | Taxation without Representation | Colonists had no say in taxation. | |
| 366623448 | Tyranny | The unjust use of governmental power. | |
| 366623449 | boycott | To refuse to buy one or more goods from a certain source. | |
| 366623450 | Civil disobedience | The non-violent disobeying of laws. | |
| 366623453 | Samuel Adams | Leaders of the Sons of Liberty. | |
| 366623454 | Benjamin Franklin | American statesman, diplomat, author, scientist, and inventor. | |
| 366623455 | King George III | King George III was the ruler of Great Britain from 1760-1820 | |
| 366623456 | Thomas Jefferson | Author of Declaration Of Independence and third President of the United States. | |
| 366623457 | Thomas Paine | Noted author of revolutionary phamplets, The Crisis and Common Sense. | |
| 366623459 | Articles of Confederation | Weak central government for the United States during the Revolutionary War. | |
| 366623460 | Lexington and Concord | First battle of the Revolutionary War. | |
| 366623461 | Saratoga | Turning point of the Revolutionary War. France decides to join the United States. | |
| 366623462 | Yorktown | Final battle of the Revolutionary War. The United States defeats Britain. | |
| 366623463 | Treaty of Paris of 1783 | Britain recognizes United States dependence. | |
| 366623465 | Great Compromise | Agreement to have Senate with 2 votes per state and House of Rep based on population. | |
| 366623466 | 3/5 compromise | Agreement to count slaves as 3/5 person for representation in Congress and for taxes | |
| 366623467 | Small states | States with relatively smaller populations. | |
| 366623468 | Large states | States with relatively larger populations. | |
| 366623469 | Federalists | Persons in favor of ratification of the Constitution. | |
| 366623470 | Anti-Federalists | Persons against ratification of the Constitution. | |
| 366623471 | Individual Rights | Rights to guarantee freedoms for individuals. | |
| 366623473 | Federalist Party | Loose interpretation of the Constitution. Rich, well-educated people to run the government | |
| 366623474 | Democratic-Republicans | Party favoring strict interpretation of the Constitution. Educated common men could run the government. | |
| 366623476 | Impressment | Forcing American sailors into the British Navy. | |
| 366623477 | War Hawks | Government officials wanting to attack Britain and invade Canada | |
| 366623478 | Tecumseh | Shawnee Indian chief who united tribes to fight the United States. | |
| 366623480 | Neutrality | not taking part in or giving assistance in a dispute or war between other countries | |
| 366623481 | Political Parties | group of people with common beliefs attempting to gain power in government | |
| 366623482 | Foreign | outside of one's country | |
| 366623483 | Isolationism | a national policy of staying out of political or economic relations with other countries | |
| 366623484 | Monroe Doctrine | an American foreign policy opposing interference in the western hemisphere from outside powers | |
| 366623485 | Foreign policy | a policy pursued by a nation in its dealings with other nations. | |
| 366623487 | Democracy | government by the people | |
| 366623488 | Spoils System | A system of employing and promoting people in government who are friends and supporters of the group in power. | |
| 366623489 | Tariff | Tax on goods imported or exported. | |
| 366623490 | Nullify | voiding a law | |
| 366623491 | Secession | Formal withdrawal from an alliance or union. | |
| 366623492 | Depression | Period in which business, employment and money decline and remain low for an extended period of time | |
| 366623493 | States Rights | Right of states to refuse federal law that they do not agree with. | |
| 366623494 | Majority Rules | greater part or number of votes makes the decisions for the group | |
| 366623496 | Reservation | public land set aside for native Americans when they were forced off of their land | |
| 366623497 | Indian Removal Act | law passed during Andrew Jackson's presidency to move all native Americans west of the Mississippi | |
| 366623498 | Trail of Tears | tragic journey of the Cherokee from their homeland to Indian Territory between 1838-1839 where many died | |
| 366623500 | territory | any separate tract of land belonging to a state | |
| 366623501 | Ordinance | rule or law | |
| 366623502 | Northwest Ordinance | Rule that allowed territories to become states setting up the orderly growth of US | |
| 366623504 | Expansion | to spread out | |
| 366623505 | Manifest Destiny | the belief that US had the God given right to expand from Coast to Coast | |
| 366623506 | Territory | any separate tract of land belonging to a state | |
| 366623507 | cession | surrendering a territory to another country | |
| 366623508 | Speculator | a person who risks financial loss for considerable financial gain | |
| 366623509 | Transportation | method of moving from one place to another | |
| 366623511 | Annexation | to add a territory to a country | |
| 366623512 | Treaty | formal agreement between two or more entities | |
| 366623513 | Technology | anything that makes life easier | |
| 366623515 | Cession | surrendering territory to another country | |
| 366623517 | Tariff | Tax on goods imported or exported. | |
| 366623518 | Imports | goods coming into the country | |
| 366623519 | Exports | goods going out of the country | |
| 366623520 | Sectionalism | excessive devotion to local interests and customs. | |
| 366623521 | Nullify | voiding a law | |
| 366623524 | Slavery | practice of holding a person in bondage for labor | |
| 366623525 | Plantation | large farm that raises cash crops and usually has slaves | |
| 366623526 | Slave Trade | act of exchanging raw materials, manufactured goods for slaves | |
| 366623527 | Racism | the belief that race accounts for differenced in human character or ability and that a particular race is superior to others. | |
| 366623528 | Sharecropping | a system in which land owners gave farm workers land, seeds and tools in return for a part in the crops they raised. | |
| 366623529 | Abolition | Movement to end slavery | |
| 366623532 | Slavery | practice of holding a person in bondage for labor | |
| 366623533 | Plantation | large farm that raises cash crops and usually has slaves | |
| 366623535 | Controversy | a dispute between sides holding opposite views | |
| 366623536 | Entitlement | belief that one has the right or claim to something | |
| 366623537 | Diversity | differing one from another; having different cultures living in one place | |
| 366623538 | Unity | coming together for a common cause | |
| 366623540 | Compromise | a settlement of difference in which each side gives something up | |
| 366623541 | Debate | a public discussion of opposing view points | |
| 366623542 | Congress | law making body of the US | |
| 366623543 | Cause | the reason or motive for something happening. | |
| 366623544 | Effect | a result of something happening. | |
| 366623546 | Commander | a person in charge of military forces | |
| 366623547 | Confederate | Southern forces during the Civil War | |
| 366623548 | Union | Northern forces during the Civil War | |
| 366623549 | Surrender | to give up | |
| 366623551 | assassination | to kill a person for a political reason | |
| 366623552 | bombard | to attack with bombs | |
| 366623553 | blockade | to prevent from coming in or out | |
| 366623554 | Border states | those states along the Mason Dixon line that supported the South, but did not secede | |
| 366623555 | Anaconda Plan | Northern strategy of surrounding the South to win the war | |
| 366623556 | Turning point | a significant win for one side that changed the course of the war | |
| 366623558 | Emancipation | to free from bondage | |
| 366623559 | malice | hatred | |
| 366623560 | union | The name of the Northern states during the Civil War; to join or combine | |
| 366623561 | compromise | a settlement of difference in which each side gives something up | |
| 366623562 | abolish | to end | |
| 367452206 | Wentworth Cheswell | Warned New Hampshire residents that British soldiers were approaching School board member, historian & judge First African American elected to public office in America Fought at the Battle of Saratoga | |
| 367452207 | Haym Solomon | Jewish merchant & banker From Poland Served as a spy for the Patriots Arrested but freed because of his language abilities Gave interest-free loans to the colonies & to key revolutionary leaders | |
| 367452208 | James Armistead | African American slave Posed as an escaped slave allowing him to travel freely between both armies Sent back useful information to Lafayette | |
| 367452209 | Bernardo de Galvez | Commanded Spanish troops against British attack in Louisiana (esp New Orleans) Defeated British in Florida Prevented British from attacking US from the southwest (Gulf of Mexico area) |
