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| 5553639058 | What was a possible reason why Australian hunter-gatherers did not develop farming societies? | They did not need to farm to master their environment. | 0 | |
| 5553639059 | The agricultural civilizations of West Africa were characterized by what kind(s) of government(s)? | A mixture of stateless societies and more highly centralized kingdoms. | 1 | |
| 5553639060 | Which of the following was NOT a value of the Iroquois League of Five Nations that European colonists found attractive? | Empire Building | 2 | |
| 5553639061 | The conquest of Timur was the last military success of what kinds of people, before the coming of the Russian and Chinese empires? | Nomadic Peoples | 3 | |
| 5553639062 | What was the main reason that Emperor Yongle sent Zheng He on his voyages? | To draw distant lands into the Chinese tribute system of trade | 4 | |
| 5553639063 | Why did the Ming government suddenly stop the exploration of the Indian Ocean basin? | Yongle's successors viewed expansion as a waste of time and resources. | 5 | |
| 5553639064 | The Hundred Years' War between England and France (1337-1453) was comparable to which conflict in Ming China during the fifteenth century? | Nothing; Ming China was internally unified, unlike Europe. | 6 | |
| 5553639065 | The Renaissance was an era in which educated Europeans sought to "return to the sources." What sources? | Latin and Greek literature, art, etc. | 7 | |
| 5553639066 | Just after the Ming withdrew from the Indian Ocean and Eastern Africa, which European power began to expand into the void left behind by the Chinese? | Portugal | 8 | |
| 5553639067 | All of the following are reasons why Europeans put so much effort into expanding their power, while Chinese withdrew into their borders during the fifteenth century, EXCEPT: | The Europeans had more ships, armies, and wealth to fund their exploration than the Ming state, which was large but poor. | 9 | |
| 5553639068 | How did the Songhay Empire fit into the Islamic world of the fifteenth century? | It was a substantial Islamic state on the West African frontier of the Islamic world. | 10 | |
| 5553639069 | A Muslim traveler described Timbuktu, the capital of the Songhay Empire, as | a vibrant center of cultural, intellectual, and commercial activity. | 11 | |
| 5553639070 | Muslim travelers described the Islamic port of Malacca as | a dangerous and lawless nest of thieves and cheaters. | 12 | |
| 5553639071 | Which of the following was NOT a feature of the Aztec capital, Tenochtitlan? | Lack of pyramids and temples | 13 | |
| 5553639072 | Why did the Aztecs perform ritual human sacrifice? | They believed the victims' blood replenished the energy of the sun. | 14 | |
| 5553639073 | In what ways did the Incan and Aztec empires differ substantially from each other? | The Incan Empire built an elaborate bureaucracy to integrate its subjects; the Aztecs did not. | 15 | |
| 5553639074 | How did the Aztec and Incan empires treat women? | Women had a separate role from men, which was seen as just as important. | 16 | |
| 5553639075 | All of the following pairs of societies shared a common religion EXCEPT: | Mexican and Andean. | 17 | |
| 5553639076 | Which of the following was NOT a feature of the modern era in the centuries following 1500? | Growing equality among entire regions and civilizations | 18 | |
| 5553639077 | Which of the following "what ifs" might have most drastically altered world history by not leading to European dominance? | What if the Ming had not called their fleet back from its explorations in 1433? | 19 |
