Julia P and Cuore B
Happy Reviewing!
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| 355526146 | Steam Engine | The great breakthrough of the Industrial Revolution. "Invented" by James Watts that provided an inanimate and limitless source of power beyond water, wind or muscle. Could be used to drive any number of machines. Made production easier, faster, and cheaper by replacing human and animal labor. |  | 0 |
| 355526147 | Indian Cotton Textiles | in the 18th century, it was an inexpensive and popular cotton textile sought after in western markets as it replaced the heavy wool & linen. It triggered the beginning of the British textile industry and its Industrial Revolution. |  | 1 |
| 355526148 | British Royal Society | An association of scientists est. in 1660 that saw its role to promote "useful knowledge". It published "mechanics' libraries" on recent scientific advances, held lectures, and demonstrations. It became widespread and permanent after 1850. | 2 | |
| 355526149 | Middle-class Values | set of ideas that distinct a section of the middle class. Politically liberals: favored constituitional government, private property, free trade, and social reform within limits.Result:Reform Bill of 1832. Characterized by: thrift, hard work, rigid morality, and cleanliness. Central Value: "respectability"/ social status and virtuosity. | 3 | |
| 355526150 | Lower Middle Class | People of service(retail,hospitality,bank, police). was 20% of Britain's population by end of 19th cent.Formed when Britain's industrial economy was developing. Gave rise for new employment opportunities for women and represented a claim on membership in the larger middle class. Distinguished themselves from a working class tainted by manual labor. |  | 4 |
| 355526151 | Karl Marx | 1818-1883 A German scientist living in England and witnessed brutality of Britain's Industrial Revolution in which he wrote about its history and economics. His analysis concluded that industrial capitalism was naturally unstable system, doomed to collapse to revolutionary upheaval and giver birth to a classless socialist society and ending the conflict between rich and poor. "Scientific socialism" in laws of historical change.His theories were then later incorrectly applied (communism in Russia/Cuba) |  | 5 |
| 355526152 | Labour Party | Working class political party est. in 1890s and advocated a reformist program & peaceful democratic transition to socialism. Largely rejected the class struggle & revolutionary emphasis of Marxism. Became a major force in parliament by the 1900s | 6 | |
| 355526153 | Proletariat | according to Marx, the industrial working class of a capitalist economy that do not have ownership/means of production. Instead, they would sell their labor for their wage because they were the most impoverished class. | 7 | |
| 355526154 | Socialism in the U.S | Political party in the U.S that represented the interests of a working class but had no major socialist movement to influence American workers. At its peak, it gained 6% for its 1912 presidential candidate. Overall, it was viewed as "un-American" | 8 | |
| 355526155 | Progressives | In the early 20th century U.S., they were a populist group who pushed for reforms: wages&hours legislation, better sanitation standards, antitrust laws, and greater governmental intervention in the economy. | 9 | |
| 355526156 | Russian Revolution | 10 | ||
| 355526157 | Caudillos | Violent, enable military strongmen in Latin America that achieved power as defenders of order and property from the conflicts in Latin America. They tried to rule a country, but were sometimes not very welcomed. | 11 | |
| 355526158 | Latin American Export Boom | Began in 1850 when Latin America increased its exports(raw material, food) to industrializing countries. It included them into the global trade as large amount of European capital went towards them. Upper class landowners(soaring property value) &Middle-class urban dwellers(valuable skills)benefitted the most and the lower class suffered the most. | 12 | |
| 355526159 | Mexican Revolution | began in early 20th century when large social inequalities emerged and workers+peasants+ middle class reformers teamed up to overthrow dictator, Profirio Diaz. It lasted from 1910-1920 and costed 10% of the population. Peasant armies took out Diaz with the intent of seizing land from haciendas and redistributing it to peasants. It ended with a new constitution for Mexico. |  | 13 |
| 355526160 | Dependent Development | Latin America's economic growth dependent on foreign investment/market due to the lack of an Industrial Revolution. Critics saw it as a form of colonialism because the U.S took advantage of Latin America by acquiring land for corporate benfit, controlling Panama Canal, and annexation of Puerto Rico as territory. | 14 | |
| 355526161 | Reform Bill of 1832 | broadened the right to vote to many men of the middle class, but not to middle-class women. | 15 | |
| 355526162 | Duma | An election of a national assembly that formed in Russia after the 1905 revolution when the tsar's regime was forced to make more substantial reforms. It eased censorship and plans for universal primary education. They refused to cooperate with tsar's new political system in 1906-1907 because it faied to tame radicalism or bring social stability. | 16 | |
| 355526163 | Enclosure Movement | 18th century movement. British landlords/aristocrats divided their farms even more, pushed out the small farmers, and produced for market. Result: agricultural innovations that increased agricultural output, kept food prices low, and freed countryside labor. |  | 17 |
