Terms : Hide Images
| 1639868622 | Absolute sensory threshold | intensity at which a given individual can detect a sensory stimulus 50% of the time; a low threshold indicates the ability to detect faint stimuli | 0 | |
| 1639868623 | Accommodation of the lens | adjustment of the thickness of the lens to focus on objects at different distances | 1 | |
| 1639868624 | Action potential | excitation that travels along an axon at a constant strength, no matter how far it must travel | 2 | |
| 1639868625 | Binocular cues | visual cues that depend on the action of both eyes | 3 | |
| 1639868626 | Blind spot | area where the optic nerve exits the retina | 4 | |
| 1639868627 | Bottom-up-process | sensory activity in which tiny elements combine to produce larger items | 5 | |
| 1639868628 | Brightness contrast | increase or decrease in an object's apparent brightness because of the effects of objects around it | 6 | |
| 1639868629 | Capsaicin | chemical that stimulates the release of substance P | 7 | |
| 1639868630 | Cerebral cortex | outer surface of the forebrain | 8 | |
| 1639868631 | Closure | in Gestalt psychology, tendency to imagine the rest of an incomplete, familiar figure | 9 | |
| 1639868632 | Cochlea | snail-shaped, fluid-filled structure that contains the receptors for hearing | 10 | |
| 1639868633 | Color constancy | tendency of an object to appear nearly the same color under a variety of lighting conditions | 11 | |
| 1639868634 | Common fate | tendency to perceive objects as part of the same group if they change or move in similar ways at the same time | 12 | |
| 1639868635 | Conduction deafness | hearing loss that results when the bones connected to the eardrum fail to transmit sound waves properly to the cochlea | 13 | |
| 1639868636 | Cones | visual receptors that are adapted for color vision, daytime vision, and detailed vision | 14 | |
| 1639868637 | Continuation | in Gestalt psychology, the tendency to fill in the gaps in an interrupted line | 15 | |
| 1639868638 | Convergence | degree to which the eyes turn in to focus on a close object | 16 | |
| 1639868639 | Cornea | rigid, transparent structure on the surface of the eyeball | 17 | |
| 1639868640 | Cutaneous senses | skin senses, including pressure on the skin, warmth, cold, pain, vibration, movement across the skin, and stretch of the skin | 18 | |
| 1639868641 | Dark adaptation | gradual improvement in the ability to see in dim light | 19 | |
| 1639868642 | Depth perception | perception of distance, which enables us to experience the world in three dimensions, | 20 | |
| 1639868643 | Electromagnetic spectrum | continuum of all the frequencies of radiated energy | 21 | |
| 1639868644 | Endorphins | chemicals produced by the brain that have effects resembling those of opiates, such as inhibiting pain | 22 | |
| 1639868645 | Feature detector | neuron in the visual system of the brain that responds to the presence of a certain simple feature, such as a horizontal line | 23 | |
| 1639868646 | Figure and ground | object and its background | 24 | |
| 1639868647 | Fovea | central part of the retina that has a greater density of receptors, especially cones, than any other part of the retina | 25 | |
| 1639868648 | Frequency principle | identification of pitch by the frequency of action potentials in neurons along the basilar membrane of the cochlea, synchronized with the frequency of sound waves | 26 | |
| 1639868649 | Ganglion cells | neurons in the eye that receive input from bipolar cells, which in turn receive their input from the visual receptors | 27 | |
| 1639868650 | Gate theory | proposal that pain messages must pass through a gate, probably in the spinal cord, that can block these messages | 28 | |
| 1639868651 | Gestalt psychology | approach to psychology that seeks to explain how we perceive overall patterns | 29 | |
| 1639868652 | Good figure | in Gestalt psychology, the tendency to perceive simple, symmetrical figures | 30 | |
| 1639868653 | Hertz (Hz) | unit of frequency representing one cycle (vibration) per second | 31 | |
| 1639868654 | Induced movement | perception that an object is moving and the background is stationary when in fact the object is stationary and the background is moving | 32 | |
| 1639868655 | Iris | colored structure on the surface of the eye surrounding the pupil | 33 | |
| 1639868656 | Lens | flexible structure that can vary its thickness to enable the eye to focus on objects at different distances | 34 | |
| 1639868657 | Loudness | perception that depends on the amplitude of a sound wave | 35 | |
| 1639868658 | Monocular cues | visual cues to distance that are just as effective with one eye as with both | 36 | |
| 1639868659 | Moon illusion | apparent difference between the size of the moon at the horizon and its size when viewed higher in the sky | 37 | |
| 1639868660 | Motion parallax | apparently swift motion of objects close to a moving observer and the apparently slow motion of objects farther away | 38 | |
| 1639868661 | Nerve deafness | hearing loss that results from damage to the cochlea, the hair cells, or the auditory nerve | 39 | |
| 1639868662 | Olfaction | sense of smell; the detection of chemicals in contact with the membranes inside the nose | 40 | |
| 1639868663 | Opponent-process theory | theory that we perceive color in terms of a system of paired opposites: red versus green, yellow versus blue, and white versus black | 41 | |
| 1639868664 | Optic nerve | set of axons that extend from the ganglion cells of the eye to the thalamus and several other areas of the brain | 42 | |
| 1639868665 | Perception | interpretation of sensory information | 43 | |
| 1639868666 | Phantom limb | continuing sensation of an amputated body part | 44 | |
| 1639868667 | Pheromone | odorous chemical, released by an animal, that changes how other members of the species respond to that animal socially | 45 | |
| 1639868668 | Pitch | perception closely related to the frequency of sound waves | 46 | |
| 1639868669 | Place principle | identification of pitch by determining which auditory neurons, coming from which part of the basilar membrane, are most active | 47 | |
| 1639868670 | Placebo | inactive pill that has no known pharmacological effect on the subjects in an experiment | 48 | |
| 1639868671 | Proximity | (a) in Gestalt psychology, the tendency to perceive objects that are close together as belonging to a group; (b) in social psychology, the tendency to choose as friends people with whom we come in frequent contact | 49 | |
| 1639868672 | Pupil | adjustable opening in the eye through which light enters | 50 | |
| 1639868673 | Receptor | specialized cell that converts environmental energies into signals for the nervous system | 51 | |
| 1639868674 | Retina | layer of visual receptors covering the back surface of the eyeball | 52 | |
| 1639868675 | Retinal disparity | difference in the apparent position of an object as seen by the left and right retinas | 53 | |
| 1639868676 | Retinex theory | concept that color perception results from the cerebral cortex's comparison of various retinal patterns | 54 | |
| 1639868677 | Reversible figure | stimulus that you can perceive in more than one way | 55 | |
| 1639868678 | Rods | visual receptors that are adapted for vision in dim light | 56 | |
| 1639868679 | Signal-detection theory | study of people's tendencies to make hits, correct rejections, misses, and false alarms | 57 | |
| 1639868680 | Similarity | in Gestalt psychology, the tendency to perceive objects that resemble each other as belonging to a group | 58 | |
| 1639868681 | Sound waves | vibrations of the air or of another medium | 59 | |
| 1639868682 | Stimulus | energy in the environment that affects what we do | 60 | |
| 1639868683 | Stroboscopic movement | illusion of movement created by a rapid succession of stationary images | 61 | |
| 1639868684 | Subliminal perception | ability of a stimulus to influence our behavior even when it is presented so faintly or briefly or along with such strong distracters that we do not perceive it consciously | 62 | |
| 1639868685 | Substance P | neurotransmitter responsible for much of the transmission of pain information in the nervous system | 63 | |
| 1639868686 | Synesthesia | a condition in which a stimulus of one type, such as sound, also gives rise to another experience, such as color | 64 | |
| 1639868687 | Taste | sensory system that responds to chemicals on the tongue | 65 | |
| 1639868688 | Taste bud | site of the taste receptors, located in one of the folds on the surface of the tongue | 66 | |
| 1639868689 | Top-down process | activity in which someone applies experience and expectations to interpret what each item must be in context | 67 | |
| 1639868690 | Trichromatic theory (or Young-Helmholtz theory) | theory that color vision depends on the relative rate of response of three types of cones | 68 | |
| 1639868691 | Vestibular sense | specialized sense that detects the direction of tilt and amount of acceleration of the head and the position of the head with respect to gravity | 69 | |
| 1639868692 | Visual constancy | tendency to perceive objects as unchanging in shape, size, and color despite variations in what actually reaches the retina | 70 | |
| 1639868693 | Volley principle | identification of pitch by groups of hair cells responding to each vibration by producing an action potential | 71 | |
| 1639868694 | Waterfall illusion | phenomenon in which prolonged staring at a waterfall and then looking at nearby cliffs causes those cliffs to appear to flow upward | 72 | |
| 1639868695 | Young-Helmholtz theory (or trichromatic theory) | theory that color vision depends on the relative rate of response of three types of cones | 73 |
