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TAKS Review 8th U.S.History

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223319991607First permanent English settlement in Jamestown, Virginia
223320001776Declaration of Independence, July 4
223320011787First Constitutional Congress drafted the first Constitution
223320021803Louisiana Purchase
22333517Eli WhitneyInventor of the Cotton Gin and Interchangable parts
22333518Reasons for coming to America (from Great Britian)Religious freedom, economic gain, European rivalries
22333519No taxation without representationThe arguement the colonies used against Parliament for the trade taxes it imposed
22338716MercantilismA country could maintain its wealth by controling the trade of the colonies
22338717Battle of SaratogaStrong American victory that encouraged France to join to war against the British
22338718Battles of Lexington and ConcordThe first battles in the Revolutionary War
22338719Yorktown, 1781The last battle of the Revolutionary War
22338720Treaty of ParisGreat Britian's surrender to America
22338721Boston MassacreBritish soldiers fired upon a group of colonists.
22338722Northwest OrdinanceProcedures set up for organizing new states from land northwest of the Ohio River
22338723Branches of GovernmentExecutive, Legislative, Judicial
22352652Great CompromiseSpecified that congress would be made up of two bodies; Senate and House of representatives
22352653Three Fifths CompromiseSpecified that three fifths of the states slaves would be counted a part of the population
22352654Manifest DestinyMission of the United States to expand across the entire North American continent
22352655Trail of TearsForced re-location of Native Americans
22352656Missouri CompromiseSet up to maintain a balance between slave states and free states
22352657Compromise of 1850Set up the passage of the Fugitive Slave Law
22352658Fugitive Slave LawRequired the capture and return of runaway slaves, even in the North
22352659Dredd Scott DecisionDetermined that slaves were property and could not become free by moving to a free state or territory
22352660John Brown's RaidThe attemp to start a slave rebellion in Virginia
223526611860Abraham Lincoln was elected president
22352662Abraham LincolnPresident of the United States during the Civil War
22352663Ulysses S. GrantUnion army's general
22352664Robert E. LeeConfederate army's general
22352665Emancipation ProclamationAbolishment of slavery
22352666Compass roseTells you which way is north, south, east and west
22352667Map's key or legendExplains the different symbols used on a map
22352668Free EnterpriseIndividuals being allowed to participate in business with little government interference
22352669Transportation RevolutionThe era when railroads, steamships, roads, and canals
22352670IndustrializationThe widespread use of machines to produce goods
22352671UrbanizationPeople began moving from rural farm areas to the urban city areas
22352672PlantationsLarge farms that depended on slave labor
22352673Cotton ginA machine that removed the seeds from cotton
22352674Textile factoriesFactories that used machines to produce large quantities of goods such as fabric
22352675Interchangeable partsParts that could be substitued for one another in the manufacturing process
22352676SteamboatsBoats powered by steam that increased the speed of river travel
22352677TrainsSteam locomotives that increased the speed of travel over land
22352678TelegraphEarly form of electronic communication that allowed rapid communication over long distances
22352679Samuel MorseBuilder of the first telegraph
22352680TariffA tax or a fee charged on imports
22352681Protective tariffsA tax designed to protect a country's industries from foreign competition
22352682Abolitionist movementCalled for the elimination of slavery
22352683Temperance movementUrged Amercians to stop drinking alcohol
22352684Public education movementPressed for government funded schools to be available to all students
22352685Women's rights movementExpanded rights of women
22352686Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Cady StantonOrganized the first women's right convention in the United States
22352687Representative GovernmentPeople choose individuals to make and enforce laws on their behalf
22352688Mayflower CompactCreated a government for the new colony of Massachusetts that would rule according to the wishes of the majority
22352689Thomas PaineAuthor of Common Sense
22352690Unalienable RightsLife, liberty, and the persuit of happiness
22352691Legislative BranchCongress - makes laws
22352692Executive BranchPresident - enforce laws
22352693Judicial BranchSupreme Court and lower federal courts - Interprets laws
22352694Checks and BalancesKeeps any one branch of the government from becoming too powerful
22352695Bill of RightsThe first ten amendments to the Constitution
22352696JuryA group of citizens that decides the verdict of a court trial.
22352697Reconstruction Amendments13th-abolish slavery, 14th all born in US are citizens and guarateed equal protectionm, 15th right to vote for all citizens
22352698BiasPrejudices, stereotypes, or distortion of fact

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