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| 2211859769 | Bronze | 3500bc, first technology to have impact on war. Maintains shape, easy to sharpen, strong, easy to shape. Mesopotamia | 0 | |
| 2211859770 | Iron 1200bc,cheap,Body Armor, Asyria | 1 | ||
| 2211859771 | Chariots | 1800 bc, first tech to have impact on war. Radical tech, wheels had spokes, straight axel, fort to sit in, tongue 2 harnesses. But broke easily, not a shock weapon. Mesopotamia | 2 | |
| 2211859772 | Bows | 3 | ||
| 2211859773 | Euthytonon | 300bc, crank bow bolt style catapult, Greeks/Macdonia, Alexander the Great, Siege equipment technology | 4 | |
| 2211859774 | Palintonon | " " sling along railing | 5 | |
| 2211859775 | Monankon " " traditional catapult, 4lb rock | 6 | ||
| 2211859776 | Long spear and body armor | 400's Bc roughly, leather, then metal, metal was cheap, Romans, used shields, helmets, first leather then metal, javelins. | 7 | |
| 2211859777 | Mirrors | 200bc, Archimedes of Syracuse s used this scientific breakthrough to burn enemy ships by direction rays of light on ships | 8 | |
| 2211859778 | Road building | 200BC, Roman new engineeringtechnology, allowed legions to move quicker | 9 | |
| 2211859779 | Adaptation of catapults to ships | 200BC, Roman Navy utilized it in Punic Wars | 10 | |
| 2211859780 | Rams | " " metal, bronze, used in shock combat Navy battles | 11 | |
| 2211859781 | Spade | 200BC, Romans used to build camps and entrench themselves, allowed them to never be defeated in their own camps because they would use trenches to guard themselves, set up in 3 hours | 12 | |
| 2211859782 | Mail and plate armor | 1000AD medieval period, utilized by knights as forms of armor. Very expensive and hard to make. Plate armor came into toward the latter part of Knight era. Chain armor used by range warriors on horses. | 13 | |
| 2211859783 | Castles | 1000AD, allowed for defense and fortified cities. Held knights in it, utilized and built by Fulk Nerra (builder) and Vauban. Castle walls were made very thick and were sophisticated | 14 | |
| 2211859784 | Stirrup | 400AD invented by Chinese, utilized by Charles Martel in 600-700s and Allowed for shock combat w/ horses (martel was first to use it). | 15 | |
| 2211859785 | Wing lance | 700AD used by Norman Knights in Medieval period. Long Sharp arrows utilized in horsemanship and shock combat allowed for mounted knights to keep distance from their enemy. Used in Battle of Hastings. Used in tandem with armor | 16 | |
| 2211859786 | Longbow and pike | 1200AD, Knights in Medieval period, wooden long bows used in archery and peasants were required to have them. Took lots of training. Used in Battle of Crecy and Agincourt by Henry V (English). | 17 | |
| 2211859787 | Pike | 1200 Middle Ages dual purpose weapon, long spear used by INFANTRY in medieval period(also used against cavalry defense), 1200s. | 18 | |
| 2211859788 | Musket | 19 | ||
| 2211859789 | Castle (Star bastions | kept soldiers from hiding from archers. Was a Mini Fort outside perimeter of a castle, 1000AD medieval period, middle ages. Made Merchants very important in societies. | 20 | |
| 2211859790 | Cannon (Mahometta) | 1500AD gunpowder revolution used effectively by the west. Mohomatta used it to conquer. Originally invented in China but exploited by the West. Showed how the West was open to scientific advancement and reasoning. | 21 | |
| 2211859791 | Arquebus | 1500AD Europe, evolution of the cannon as s a part of the gun powder revolution. Was a shoulder weapon, one of the first handheld weapons where a tube was tied to a pike w/ touch hole, prime pan and load. Very inaccurate, but could pierce through armor at close ranges. First used with pikes but then replaced them | 22 | |
| 2211859792 | Musket 1600s replaced arquebus Europe, shoulder fired, American version. Designed for infantry, men who had it were called the Musketeers | 23 | ||
| 2211859793 | Caravelles | 1500s, Europe, small maneuverable ships that were forecastles (which were later moved below deck) that held cannons on top of decks of boats that were used in artillery seawar by the Portugese against the English. Parts of English/Portugese Arms Race | 24 | |
| 2211859794 | Canister shells | 1800s- tin shell filled with lead balls used in Napoleonic wars, developed by Gribeauval as a part of a mobile artillery and gun powder revolution in Europe/France. Anti Infantry weapon. Turned gun into a wagon. | 25 | |
| 2211859795 | Mobile artillery1700 | 1800 Europe, Gribeauval made artillery mobile by turning guns/cannons into wagons where battle field accessories made it possible. Napoleon developed mobile artilery | 26 | |
| 2211859796 | Brown bess musket | 1700-1800 British weapon, easy to train. Standard infantry musket used in American revolution | 27 | |
| 2211859797 | Bayonet | 1700's Europe, addition created Musketeer, eliminated the pike for the infantryman. Could be attached to muskets. | 28 | |
| 2211859798 | Minieball | Minie 1800's, rifle bullet that used spin to control accuracy and firepower that was used in the civil and Crimean wars that only had 9 steps loading process used by US Army and by both sides in the civil war and was also a result of the industrial revolution where the ball and powder were placed together. | 29 | |
| 2211859799 | Railroad | 1800s utilized by the North (Union) in civil war, were well designed and Herman Haupt was in charge of coordinating troops to lay down tracks. | 30 | |
| 2211859800 | Breech loading gun | later 1844, break through by Sharp. Was fast at loading at ordered by American War Dept., changed warfare in that calvary could no longer charge the infantry | 31 | |
| 2211859801 | Repeating rifles1863, was approved by Lincoln to be used in the Union Army in the civil war. Was a carbine, rifle barreled rifle. Eventually bought by Col. Wilder and used in the Battle of Hoovers Gap where heavy fire was used to overtake a 1:15 ratio of enemy | 32 | ||
| 2211859802 | Gatling gun | 1863 Dr. Gatling, impractical artillery gun that was mulitiple barreled, first machine gun that was on wheels. However, it had a bad range | 33 | |
| 2211859803 | Parrot guns | 1860's invted by the Union in American civil war, was a giant gun that wa used against fortification | 34 | |
| 2211859804 | Telegraphs | used in American civil war, 1860s, part of communications and signals where Lincoln could be telegraphed information. Speed up the process of communications, modern technology. | 35 | |
| 2211859805 | Submarines | Hunley, Civil War, used by confederates, marked a huge advanced in Naval Warfare, sunk a battle ship | 36 | |
| 2211859806 | KEY PEOPLE: | 37 | ||
| 2211859807 | Sargon of Akkad | 2000BC, had 5000 man army in Mesopotamia. Had conquered land | 38 | |
| 2211859808 | Archimedes | 200BC of Syracuse, Greek math and science -created catapults, invented screw and water displacement | 39 | |
| 2211859809 | Militiades 500BC Greeks had a council of war to decide to fight against Persians (against Darius I) | 40 | ||
| 2211859810 | Xexes | 400BC, son of Darius, Persian Emperor | 41 | |
| 2211859811 | Darius I | 500BC, was a Persian leader, brought his Army north of Africa to fight against Athens, was destroyed. | 42 | |
| 2211859812 | Alexander the Great | 300s BC, Macedonia, fought Persia and the greeks and killed them at a rate of 300/minute with Hellenistic empire. FIRST to use cavalry but not in shock combat. Fought the Persians (darius II) at Guagemela 300 BC and destroyed them. USED CATAPULTS!! | 43 | |
| 2211859813 | Hannibal Barca | 200BC, beat the Romans at BATTLE OF CANNAE, but instead of conquering rome he luted the countryside (because his army was nothing but mercenaries). Then in BATTLE CARTHAGE 200s BC, was defeated by the romans in Carthage Africa. Hannibal then fled to Egypt and was captured and executed | 44 | |
| 2211859814 | Scipio Africanus | 45 | ||
| 2211859815 | Visigoths | Germanic Goths, sack Rome in 400AD, rome split into to | 46 | |
| 2211859816 | Ostrogoths and Theodosius | " " Theodosius was the last Emperor of Rome to rule East and the West but was defeated by the Goths in 300s AD | 47 | |
| 2211859817 | Attila and the Huns | 400AD, Huns and Germans defeated rome at BATTLE OF ATTIKI. | 48 | |
| 2211859818 | Gauls and Vercengetorix | 80BC, united Gauls in a revolt against romans, eventually defeated by Caesar and the romans and lost at the Battle of Aleshia in 52BC, was then executed by Caesar | 49 | |
| 2211859819 | Britains and Baodicea | defense against Romans, British, was a female | 50 | |
| 2211859820 | Zealots | Rebelled against Romans, staged a siege of Jerusalem. | 51 | |
| 2211859821 | Cincinnatus | was a Roman, agreat fighter, after battle he went home, citizen farmer. | 52 | |
| 2211859822 | Cato | Roman senator, Battle of Carthage, wants to totally destroy Carthage, brings about third punic war, where carthage was destructed and Hannibal fled | 53 | |
| 2211859823 | Cicero | 100BC Roman Philosopher | 54 | |
| 2211859824 | Gibbon (decline and fall of roman empire) | 1700s wrote "Decline and Fall of Roman Empire" blames Christianity and Barbairicism for the fall of the empire. Rome became pacifist after Christian missionaries traveled their roads to spread Christianity. | 55 | |
| 2211859825 | Farril 1990s "fall of roman empire, the military explanation" mercenaries were fighting, economic failure and tons of people were on food support, welfare class, lots of violence, blood | 56 | ||
| 2211859826 | Lynn White | 57 | ||
| 2211859827 | Charles Martel | 700AD cavalry shock combat. He was French and first used the stirrup for shock combat with knights, heavily armored | 58 | |
| 2211859828 | Pope Urban II | 1000AD declared nobles at soldiers of Christ. Gave blessing to knights because they were on Holy Missions during the grade crusades. | 59 | |
| 2211859829 | Henry V | 1400AD, in Agincourt, used English longbow to take out the French. Destroyed the French. | 60 | |
| 2211859830 | Knights Templars | 1200s, guarded and built temples, protected pilgrims. Germans | 61 | |
| 2211859831 | Hospitalers | 1500s, built hospitals and were funded by banking and lending. Germans. | 62 | |
| 2211859832 | Teutonic Knights | black jersey with white cross, protected Christians on pilgrammages. Germans. Got into banking, loaning, and made a lot of money | 63 | |
| 2211859833 | Fulk Nerra | 1000AD built castles, made the walls very thick, made castles sustainable, defendable | 64 | |
| 2211859834 | Mohatmat II | gun powder revolution, conquered Constaninople and responsible for the fall of the East. Used cannon to conquer | 65 | |
| 2211859835 | John II | portugal, developed the caravelle and used it against the British | 66 | |
| 2211859836 | Gustavus Adolphus | 1600 Sweden, turned his Army into a large army force and invented pre mesure powder. | 67 | |
| 2211859837 | Maurice of Nassau | used drill, 1600 and fought the Spanish at the BATTLE OF NIEUPORT. Was from Holland, troops had to be disciplined and trained to shoot muskets | 68 | |
| 2211859838 | fRederick the Great | 1700s Prussian army, united his armies | 69 | |
| 2211859839 | Napoleon | French, 1700s, military conqueror | 70 | |
| 2211859840 | Berthier (chief of staff | 71 | ||
| 2211859841 | Wellington | civilian oversight. Cared about his men. | 72 | |
| 2211859842 | Claude Mini | invented minieball, 1800s, french | 73 | |
| 2211859843 | Winfield Scott | American union general 1800s used anaconda plan to use navy to blocl the confederate coast | 74 | |
| 2211859844 | Spencer | 1800s, repeater gun. Lever action rifle | 75 | |
| 2211859845 | Halleck | 76 | ||
| 2211859846 | Rodman | artillery grant gun used on sea forts, civil war, 1800s developed by private sector and sold by military | 77 | |
| 2211859847 | Dahlgren | giant gun, breech loading Naval artillery developed by private sector and sold by military | 78 | |
| 2211859848 | Parrot | developed Breech loading artillery used by union in the civil war 1800s | 79 | |
| 2211859849 | Haupt | 80 | ||
| 2211859850 | McClellan | union general, moves slowly, well liked and drilled a lot but Lincoln ordered him to attack because he was so slow | 81 | |
| 2211859851 | Lee | Genearal, confederate amy, fought against mccelellan. | 82 | |
| 2211859852 | Sherman | Union general civil war, march to the sea. | 83 | |
| 2211859853 | Grant | US commanding general in the civil war, Union. | 84 | |
| 2215489631 | Amputation | 1/4 of all amputees died during civil war | 85 | |
| 2215492105 | technology in civil war | gave power to the defense | 86 | |
| 2215501791 | Clauswitz 1800's | On War, total assault and will to resist | 87 | |
| 2215549949 | Henry Halliks book | elements of military art and science, first American military textbook ever written | 88 |
