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| 2715467532 | Alliteration | The repetition of the same sound or letter at the beginning of consecutive words or syllables. | 0 | |
| 2715468726 | Allusion | An indirect reference, often to another text or an historic event. | 1 | |
| 2715469587 | Analogy | An extended comparison between two seemingly dissimilar things. | 2 | |
| 2715470263 | Anaphora | The repetition of words at the beginning of successive clauses. | 3 | |
| 2715471275 | Anecdote | A short account of an interesting event. | 4 | |
| 2715472416 | Annotation | Explanatory or critical notes added to a text. | 5 | |
| 2715472809 | Antecedent | The noun to which a later pronoun refers. | 6 | |
| 2715475772 | Antimetabole | The repetition of words in an inverted order to sharpen a contrast. | 7 | |
| 2715476369 | Antithesis | Parallel structure that juxtaposes contrasting ideas. | 8 | |
| 2715478259 | Aphorism | A short, astute statement of a general truth. | 9 | |
| 2715481098 | Appositive | A word or phrase that renames a nearby noun or pronoun. | 10 | |
| 2715484679 | Archaic diction | The use of words common to an earlier time period; antiquated language. | 11 | |
| 2715485056 | Argument | A statement put forth and supported by evidence. | 12 | |
| 2715485382 | Aristotelian triangle | A diagram that represents a rhetorical situation as the relationship among the speaker, the subject, and the audience (see rhetorical triangle). |  | 13 |
| 2715489175 | Assertion | An emphatic statement; declaration. An assertion supported by evidence becomes an argument. | 14 | |
| 2715489485 | Assumption | A belief or statement taken for granted without proof. | 15 | |
| 2715492374 | Asyndeton | Leaving out conjunctions between words, phrases, clauses. | 16 | |
| 2715492926 | Attitude | The speaker's position on a subject as revealed through his or her tone. | 17 | |
| 2715493583 | Audience | One's listener or readership; those to whom a speech or piece of writing is addressed. | 18 | |
| 2715494427 | Authority | A reliable, respected source—someone with knowledge. | 19 | |
| 2715513134 | Bias | Prejudice or predisposition toward one side of a subject or issue. | 20 | |
| 2715513135 | Cite | Identifying a part of a piece of writing as being derived from a source. | 21 | |
| 2715513701 | Claim | An assertion, usually supported by evidence. | 22 | |
| 2715513924 | Close reading | A careful reading that is attentive to organization, figurative language, sentence structure, vocabulary, and other literary and structural elements of a text. | 23 | |
| 2715514442 | Colloquial/ism | An informal or conversational use of language. | 24 | |
| 2715517006 | Common ground | Shared beliefs, values, or positions. | 25 | |
| 2715517568 | Complex sentence | A sentence that includes one independent clause and at least one dependent clause. | 26 | |
| 2715517569 | Concession | A reluctant acknowledgment or yielding. | 27 | |
| 2715551665 | Conclusion | All horses are warm-blooded (see syllogism). | 28 | |
| 2715518019 | Connotation | That which is implied by a word, as opposed to the word's literal meaning (see denotation). | 29 | |
| 2715518782 | Context | Words, events, or circumstances that help determine meaning. | 30 | |
| 2715521610 | Coordination | Grammatical equivalence between parts of a sentence, often through a coordinating conjunction such as and, or but. | 31 | |
| 2715522616 | Counterargument | A challenge to a position; an opposing argument. | 32 | |
| 2715526037 | Cumulative sentence | An independent clause followed by subordinate clauses or phrases that supply additional detail. | 33 | |
| 2715522617 | Declarative sentence | A sentence that makes a statement. | 34 | |
| 2715523064 | Deduction | Reasoning from general to specific. | 35 | |
| 2715523065 | Denotation | The literal meaning of a word; its dictionary definition. | 36 | |
| 2715528175 | Diction | Word choice. | 37 | |
| 2715529175 | Documentation | Bibliographic information about the sources used in a piece of writing. | 38 | |
| 2715529289 | Elegiac | Mournful over what has passed or been lost; often used to describe tone. | 39 | |
| 2715530660 | Epigram | A brief witty statement. | 40 | |
| 2715530661 | Ethos | A Greek term referring to the character of a person; one of Aristotle's three rhetorical appeals (see logos and pathos). | 41 | |
| 2715530662 | Figurative language | The use of tropes or figures of speech; going beyond literal meaning to achieve literary effect. | 42 | |
| 2715530694 | Figure of speech | An expression that strives for literary effect rather than conveying a literal meaning. | 43 | |
| 2715535144 | Hyperbole | Exaggeration for the purpose of emphasis. | 44 | |
| 2715535145 | Imagery | Vivid use of language that evokes a reader's senses (sight, smell, taste,touch, hearing). | 45 | |
| 2715535590 | Imperative sentence | A sentence that requests or commands. | 46 | |
| 2715535591 | Induction | Reasoning from specific to general. | 47 | |
| 2715535912 | Inversion | A sentence in which the verb precedes the subject. | 48 | |
| 2715536367 | Irony | A contradiction between what is said and what is meant; incongruity between action and result. | 49 | |
| 2715536391 | Juxtaposition | Placement of two things side by side for emphasis. | 50 | |
| 2715541672 | Logos | A Greek term that means "word"; an appeal to logic; one of Aristotle's three rhetorical appeals (see ethos and pathos). | 51 | |
| 2715542320 | Metaphor | A figure of speech or trope through which one thing is spoken of as though it were something else, thus making an implicit comparison. | 52 | |
| 2715542321 | Metonymy | Use of an aspect of something to represent the whole. | 53 | |
| 2715542614 | Occasion | An aspect of context; the cause or reason for writing. | 54 | |
| 2715542615 | Oxymoron | A figure of speech that combines two contradictory terms. | 55 | |
| 2715542973 | Paradox | A statement that seems contradictory but is actually true. | 56 | |
| 2715542974 | Parallelism | The repetition of similar grammatical or syntactical patterns. | 57 | |
| 2715543419 | Parody | A piece that imitates and exaggerates the prominent features of another; used for comic effect or ridicule. | 58 | |
| 2715547219 | Pathos | A Greek term that refers to suffering but has come to be associated with broader appeals to emotion; one of Aristotle's three rhetorical appeals (see ethos and logos). | 59 | |
| 2715547220 | Persona | The speaker, voice, or character assumed by the author of a piece of writing. | 60 | |
| 2715547527 | Personification | Assigning lifelike characteristics to inanimate objects. | 61 | |
| 2715547528 | Polemic | An argument against an idea, usually regarding philosophy, politics, or religion. | 62 | |
| 2715547794 | Polysyndeton | The deliberate use of a series of conjunctions. | 63 | |
| 2715548591 | Premise: major, minor | Two parts of a syllogism. The concluding sentence of a syllogism takes its predicate from the major premise and its subject from the minor premise. | 64 | |
| 2715548592 | Major premise | All mammals are warm-blooded. | 65 | |
| 2715549142 | Minor premise | All horses are mammals. | 66 | |
| 2715553211 | Propaganda | A negative term for writing designed to sway opinion rather than present information. | 67 | |
| 2715553212 | Purpose | One's intention or objective in a speech or piece of writing. | 68 | |
| 2715559914 | Refute | To discredit an argument, particularly a counterargument. | 69 | |
| 2715560484 | Rhetoric | The study of effective, persuasive language use; according to Aristotle,use of the "available means of persuasion." | 70 | |
| 2715560485 | Rhetorical modes | Patterns of organization developed to achieve a specific purpose; modes include but are not limited to narration, description, comparison and contrast, cause and effect, definition, exemplification, classification and division, process analysis, and argumentation. | 71 | |
| 2715561025 | Rhetorical question | A question asked more to produce an effect than to summon an answer. | 72 | |
| 2715561026 | Rhetorical triangle | A diagram that represents a rhetorical situation as the relationship among the speaker, the subject, and the audience (see Aristotelian triangle). | 73 | |
| 2715561621 | Satire | An ironic, sarcastic, or witty composition that claims to argue for something, but actually argues against it. | 74 | |
| 2715561622 | Scheme | A pattern of words or sentence construction used for rhetorical effect. | 75 | |
| 2715561881 | Sentence patterns | The arrangement of independent and dependent clauses into known sentence constructions—such as simple, compound, complex, or compound-complex. | 76 | |
| 2715561882 | Sentence variety | Using a variety of sentence patterns to create a desired effect. | 77 | |
| 2715562240 | Simile | A figure of speech that uses "like" or "as" to compare two things. | 78 | |
| 2715562917 | Simple sentence | A statement containing a subject and predicate; an independent clause. | 79 | |
| 2715567680 | Source | A book, article, person, or other resource consulted for information. | 80 | |
| 2715571665 | Speaker | A term used for the author, speaker, or the person whose perspective (real or imagined) is being advanced in a speech or piece of writing. | 81 | |
| 2715571666 | Straw man | A logical fallacy that involves the creation of an easily refutable position; misrepresenting, then attacking an opponent's position. | 82 | |
| 2715572052 | Style | The distinctive quality of speech or writing created by the selection and arrangement of words and figures of speech. | 83 | |
| 2715572053 | Subject | In rhetoric, the topic addressed in a piece of writing. | 84 | |
| 2715572426 | Subordinate clause | Created by a subordinating conjunction, a clause that modifies an independent clause. | 85 | |
| 2715572427 | Subordination | The dependence of one syntactical element on another in a sentence. | 86 | |
| 2715572956 | Syllogism | A form of deductive reasoning in which the conclusion is supported by a major and minor premise (see premise; major, and minor). | 87 | |
| 2715572957 | Syntax | Sentence structure. | 88 | |
| 2715573845 | Synthesize | Combining or bringing together two or more elements to produce something more complex. | 89 | |
| 2715573846 | Thesis | The central idea in a work to which all parts of the work refer. | 90 | |
| 2715577325 | Thesis statement | A statement of the central idea in a work, may be explicit or implicit. | 91 | |
| 2715577326 | Tone | The speaker's attitude toward the subject or audience. | 92 | |
| 2715577756 | Topic sentence | A sentence, most often appearing at the beginning of a paragraph, that announces the paragraph's idea and often unites it with the work's thesis. | 93 | |
| 2715577757 | Trope | Artful diction; the use of language in a nonliteral way; also called a figure of speech. | 94 | |
| 2715578296 | Understatement | Lack of emphasis in a statement or point; restraint in language often used for ironic effect. | 95 | |
| 2715578297 | Voice | In grammar, a term for the relationship between a verb and a noun (active or passive voice). In rhetoric, a distinctive quality in the style and tone of writing. | 96 | |
| 2715578579 | Zeugma | A construction in which one word (usually a verb) modifies or governs—often in different, sometimes incongruent ways—two or more words in a sentence. | 97 |
