The American
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| 472505999 | Washington's Presidency The Cabinet | - Department Heads: - Sec. of State, deals with foreign affairs: Thomas Jefferson who was pro-France - Sec. of Treasury: Alexander Hamilton, the man who will create His idea of Bank of the United States - Sec. of War: Henry Knox, name changed to Sec. of Defense | |
| 472506000 | Judiciary Act of 1789 | Organized the Supreme Court - Chief Justice and 5 associates - John Jay first Supreme Court Chief Justice Organized Federal district and circuit courts Established the office of the Attorney General (Supreme Court positions are for life) | |
| 472506001 | Assumption | Hamilton proposes to assume all state debt Debt was 75 million dollars; to plan to pay this debt off? Excise - domestic tax (precise) proposed in 1791 Duties - Foreign tax | |
| 472506002 | - Excise Revenue | TAX ON WHISKEY WAS A BURDEN ON BACKCOUNTRY FARMERS | |
| 472506003 | - Customers Duties (Tariffs) (Import tax) | Protect manufacturing groups as well as created revenue Make people have a personal stake in the success of the federal government | |
| 472506004 | Whiskey Rebellion (Domestic issue for George Washington) Backcountry farmers AGAIN clash with the established east | - Bacon's Rebellion (Indian raids) - Shay's Rebellion (foreclosures on farms) (shows failure of the Articles of Confederation - Whiskey Rebellion (burden of whiskey tax) in 1794 o Rebels tar and feather revenue officers Washington creates a multi-state militia of 13,000 men - command new respect of federal gov. (shows that the Constitution works) | |
| 472506005 | Six objectives of the Jefferson's Democratic-Republic | southern, western farmers; local power in the hands of the people - feared inequality; Inward & westward strengthen democracy at home and on frontiers; supported the French Revolution; protect seamen from British for defense of liberties or punish with an embargo; accused Federalists of wanting to create an aristocracy and marriage with Britain | |
| 472506006 | Six objectives of the Federalists | : Northern, Eastern merchants; strong central gov - feared masses and disorder; outward & eastward - for trade particular with England; wanted no assoc.; avoid drastic measures and keep in good relation with British for economic development; accused Dem-Republicans of wanting to destroy gov. and turn everything over to France | |
| 472506007 | Neutrality Proclamation of 1793 | Issued by Washington after the outbreak of war between Britain and France Began the Isolationist tradition Self-interest as the cement of alliance | |
| 472506008 | Jay's Treaty - 1794 (Washington's Domestic Issue) | British concessions British would not promise to stop U.S. Concession Very weak, compared to Pickney's Treaty of 1795 with Spain (coastal beachland - Florida too) | |
| 472506009 | British concessions | - evacuate the posts on U.S. soil - pay damages for seizures of American ships | |
| 472506010 | British would not promise to stop | - future seizures and impressions - supplying arms to Indians | |
| 472506011 | U.S. Concession | - Pre-Revolutionary debts must still be paid | |
| 472506012 | Native Americans | America settlers moving West encroached on Indian lands British had been supplying some tribes arms to attack new settlers 1794 - Battle of Fallen Timbers - U.S. army led by General Anthony Wayne defeats Shawnee, Wyandot, | |
| 472506013 | Delaware and other in Ohio | 1795 - Treaty of Greenville - Tribal chiefs surrender claims to Ohio | |
| 476795941 | Washington's Farewell | Leaves after 2 terms in 1796 - Farewell Address posts in newspapers Avoid permanent alliances Avoid warring political parties | |
| 476795942 | National Bank (BUS = BANK OF UNITED STATES)(Federalist idea Dem.-Rep. don't like) | Private institutions to hold surplus money - Strongbox - Stimulate business - Print money Created by Congress in 1791 - chartered for 20 years - located in Philadelphia - $10 million in capital, 1/5 owned by the federal The capital of U.S. is moved from NY to Washington DC; so Dem.-Rep. can get on the BUS | |
| 476795943 | Election of 1796 (1st real contest for president0 | GW's V.P. John Adam v. Thomas Jefferson Sec. of State Strongly divide the nation - Jefferson against heavy-handed handling of Whiskey rebellion and Jay's Treaty John Adams barely wins the election - Jefferson V.P. as a runner-up | |
| 476795944 | Those Feisty French | The French begin to seize American warships - Adams send 3 diplomats for a peaceful settlement - XYZ affair French demand a loan of 32 million florins and a $250,000 bribe to speak with foreign minister Talleyrand - Jeffersonians are embarrassed at the French behavior - Federalists want war! Navy dept. is created and a new army is authorized | |
| 476795945 | Undeclared war on the High Seas | 1798-1800 American privateer and the new navy fight back - England lends some support Adams forgoes a popular war for a peaceable solution | |
| 476795946 | Alien laws and Sedition Acts | Alien Laws - Designed to make citizenship difficult for immigrants - 14 yrs Sedition Acts gave heavy fines and imprisonment for: - impeding policies of gov. - falsely defaming officials - Dem.-Rep. claim it violates 1st Ammendment | |
| 476795947 | Jefferson's counterattack to Sedition Acts | VA and KY resolution - Penned by Madison and Jefferson - The states could refuse to enforce the federal laws if the state considers the law to be unconstitutional | |
| 476795948 | Thomas J. | Duel personality - privately: philosophical - publically: practice About Thomas Jefferson Hated Alien & Sedition Acts Split Federalist party over the peace with France Unpopular taxes to pay for war preparations and new navy What to do? Spread rumor - Sally Hemings - Atheist? | |
| 476795949 | The Midnight Judges | Adams and Congress wanted Federalist ideals upheld: - Judiciary Act of 1801created 16 new federal Judicial offices - Filled these lifetime posts with Federalists Repealed by the new Dem.-Rep. Congress - one of the Federalist judges sues Marbury doesn't get an appointment, so he sues; Marbury v. Madison case | |
| 476795950 | Marbury vs. Madison (1st time S.C. declare a case unconstitutional) | Case that stablishes judicial review - SC declares Judiciary Act of 1801 unconstitutional, Marbury loses | |
| 476795951 | Inaugural Address (of Thomas Jefferson) | Equality for majority and minorities "We are all Republicans, we are all Federalists." "No foreign alliances." | |
| 476795952 | First Acts as President | Pardon Sedition Act offenders Return naturalization requirement to 5 yrs. Persuaded Congress to repeal the excise tax (whiskey) - Balanced budget Reduced the military | |
| 476795953 | Louisiana Purchase | In 1800 Spain cedes New Orleans and Spanish American lands to France Jefferson sends Monroe to France - buy New Orleans and land to east for $10 million Napolean decides to sell all of the land - April 30, 1803 for $15 million | |
| 476795954 | European Entanglements | 1803- France and England at war - soon England ruled the seas and France ruled the land Britain began to impress Americans into service 6,000 from 1808-1811 Britain fired on Chesapeake for refusing to cooperate | |
| 476795955 | American takes a stand | The embargo Act of 1807 - "Peaceful Coercion" - Forbade the export of all goods from the U.S. | |
| 476795956 | What went wrong? | - underestimated dependence on U.S. goods - miscalculated how hated the embryo would be domestically - too difficult to control - smuggles | |
| 476795957 | Jefferson's Presidency: In review | Peaceful change of power Louisiana Purchase Cut National Debt Failed Embargo Act | |
| 476795958 | James Madison's Headaches Hotheaded Southern and Western | Congressmen you "war hawks" - War with England - War with Indians - Henry Clay and John C. Calhoun | |
| 476795959 | Issues on the Frontier Shawnee Indian brothers unite Indians: | - Tecumseh - Tensketawa "The prophet" | |
| 476795960 | Rejected European culture - Indian Bureau "Americanize" | - Wore buckskins, no alcohol, no landownership - Agreed not to cede land unless all Indians agreed | |
| 476795961 | William Henry Harrison engages Shawnees- Battle of Tippecanoe (US wins) | - takes place in Indiana - unravels the alliance | |
| 476795962 | War of 1812 - 2nd War for Independence | - Britain helps uprising of Indian Nations - 1812 James Madison declares war on Britain - Defeat England and Indians in the NW territory - 1814 England burns Washington DC including the White House and other gov. buildings - War Hawks - Southern and Western congressmen who called for war against England; Henry Clay, John Jay, William Henry Harrison, WHH becomes a national hero when he defeats the Indians at the Battle of Tippecanoe - Andrew Jackson wins decisive battle at New Orleans; though it never had to occur because a peace treaty had already been signed ending the war of Ghent signed on Christmas Eve 1814 | |
| 476795963 | ... | Most famous Battle of 1812 was the battle of New Orleans because the war had already been over | |
| 476795964 | - Proposer of "bus" wanted Northern investors | ... | |
| 476795965 | - When we talk about Western States that is KY and OK | ... | |
| 476795966 | - The others don't think that's right because North will get "favors" | ... | |
| 476795967 | - Reasons we have tax on stuff is to discourage use and other things | ... | |
| 476795968 | - John convinced Dem.-Rep. to join because only 1/5 by gov. and the other 4/5 bu investors | ... | |
| 476795969 | - Jay's treaty will lead to the embargo act of Thomas J. (2 domestic, 2 foreign issues) | ... | |
| 476795970 | - "Bus" (located in Philly) will fall away in Andrew Jackson's presidency | ... | |
| 476795971 | - President called the men XYZ because he refused to say their name | ... | |
| 476795972 | - John Adam's Presidency: XYZ affair, midnight judges, | ... | |
| 476795973 | - Jefferson doesn't really care about the minority like he claimed | ... | |
| 476795974 | - Adam's response to XYZ affair are the Alien and Sedition Acts which leads to the KY and VA resolutions. | ... | |
| 476795975 | - Thomas Jefferson is two-faced. | ... |
