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| the humbled and reformed version of the Congregational Church | ||
| gave religious freedom and a separation of church and state; state couldn't tax for church | ||
| term used to describe slaves, referring to slavery's profitability | ||
| the idea that democracy depended on the unselfish commitment of each citizen to the public good | ||
| the selfless devotion of a mother to her family | ||
| American ship that brought ginseng to East Asian markets | ||
| at first, two territorial stages during which the area would be subordinate to the federal government; when a territory had 60,000 inhabitants it would be admitted as a state | ||
| the nation's first constitution adopted by the Second Continental Congress; had limited power | ||
| territory acquired by the states; northwest of Ohio River and east of Mississippi | ||
| large scale attempt by a government to regulate business in the interest of society | ||
| provided that the acreage of the Northwest should be sold to help pay off national debt | ||
| secretary of foreign affairs | ||
| term used to refer to worthless paper currency | ||
| a captain who led a rebellion to demand cheap paper money, lighter taxes, and a suspension of mortgage foreclosures in Massachusetts | ||
| an uprising in Massachusetts that demanded paper money, lighter taxes, and a suspension of foreclosures | ||
| power to the masses, fear from the propertied class | ||
| called upon Congress to summon a convention to meet in Philadelphia to revise the Articles; favored a strong centra government | ||
| term used by Jefferson to describe the representatives at Philadelphia | ||
| unanimously elected chairman of the constitutional convention | ||
| "the father of the Constitution" | ||
| proposed by Virginia, representation should be in a bicameral Congress based on population | ||
| proposed by New Jersey; equal representation in a unicameral Congress | ||
| larger states were given representation by population in the House of Representatives; smaller states given equal representation in the Senate | ||
| slave votes counted as 3/5 of a white man's vote | ||
| comprised of mainly states' rights devotees, backcountry dwellers, uneducated and illiterate; claimed the Constitution was undemocratic | ||
| embraced cultured and propertied groups; strong central government | ||
| an exclusive military order formed by Continental Army officers denounced for their aristocratic pretensions | ||
| Wife of John Adams. During the Revolutionary War, she wrote letters to her husband describing life on the homefront. She urged her husband to remember America's women in the new government he was helping to create. | ||
| called upon the colonies to draft new constitutions | ||
| laws of basic and lasting importance which may not easily be changed | ||
| right of inheritance belongs exclusively to the eldest son | ||
| union comprising a number of partially self-governing states or regions united by a central government | ||
| government free from external control | ||
| the idea that government derives its authority by the sanction of the people | ||
| the political orientation of those who hold that a republic is the best form of government | ||
| the right of states to limit the power of the federal government | ||
| people hold the final authority in all matters of government | ||
| an association of sovereign states or communities, usually created by treaty but often later adopting a common constitution | ||
| a state of lawlessness and disorder (usually resulting from a failure of government) | ||
| a group of people named by each state legislature to select the president and vice president | ||
| ratified by the original thirteen states, The foundation of our country's national government; was drafted in Philadelphia in 1787; establishes a government with direct authority over all citizens, it defines the powers of the national government, and it establishes protection for the rights of states and of every individual | ||
| the book form of a series of articles written for a NY newspaper by Hamilton, Madison, and John Jay | ||
| This referred to the fact that the Constitution was trying to please everybody. | ||
| chosen for Constitutional Convention but refuses to come because he "smells a rat" | ||
| nickname of James Madison because he was the only one that attended every session of the Constitutional Convention, took the most complete notes, and wrote the Bill of Rights | ||
| the process of reassigning representation based on population, after every census | ||
| current population of California | ||
| term used to refer to area of the crumbling manufacturers in the Northeast U.S. | ||
| term used to refer to the South and West U.S. and their expanding manufacturers | ||
| a lawmaking body made up of two chambers or parts | ||
| number of CA representative seats in 1970 | ||
| number of CA representative seats in 1980 | ||
| number of CA representative seats in 1990 | ||
| number of CA representative seats in 2000 | ||
| approximate U.S. population | ||
| the drawing of legislative district boundaries to benefit a party, group, or incumbent | ||
| districts in which incumbents win by margins of 55 percent or more | ||
| Elected governing body within a particular county | ||
| the branch of the United States government that is responsible for carrying out the laws | ||
| the branch of government that interprets laws | ||
| the branch of government that makes the laws | ||
| the minimum number of members who must be present to permit a legislative body to take official action | ||
| 1st LA district supervisor | ||
| 2nd LA district supervisor | ||
| 3rd LA district supervisor * | ||
| 4th LA district supervisor | ||
| 5th LA district supervisor | ||
| requirements for making an amendment |
