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| 3570154050 | Progressivism | Reform movement to clean up capitalism and eliminate corruption in the political process | 0 | |
| 3570167026 | Progressivism was based on what teachings? | Christian | 1 | |
| 3570169346 | "Social Gospel" | Urban poor | 2 | |
| 3570171713 | Brought socialist ideas to U.S. | European immigrants | 3 | |
| 3570174064 | "Strengthen the state" | Battle cry of progressivism | 4 | |
| 3570213733 | Strengthened state would allow | Government to act as human welfare | 5 | |
| 3570217179 | Goal of progressives | improving condition of common man in capitalist society | 6 | |
| 3570232324 | Required stronger gov supervision and intervention | Unregulated capitalism and urban boom | 7 | |
| 3570239168 | What class were the progressives? | Middle class | 8 | |
| 3570240694 | Members of progressives | Democrats, republicans, from all regions, feminists | 9 | |
| 3570250077 | Results of progressives | Reform dominated first decade of 1900s | 10 | |
| 3570266031 | Created the progressive movement by bringing ideas of reform to American people | Writers and politicians | 11 | |
| 3570287847 | "Muckrakers" | writers who exposed social, political and economic ills of the country | 12 | |
| 3571373017 | muckrake | pitchfork used to clean manure out of stables | 13 | |
| 3571382370 | Who originally used the "Muckrakers" term? | Roosevelt; condemned those that "made their living telling scandalous falsehoods of honest men" (against it) | 14 | |
| 3571388928 | "Muckrakers" characteristics | (1) did not provide remedies to problems of society (2) attempted to right the wrongs with publicity (3) were not socialists (4) not trying to eliminate capitalism; wanted to clean it up (5) published books coming from excerpts in magazines | 15 | |
| 3571399814 | Examples of muckrakers and their work | "How the Other Half Lives"(Riis)-life in tenements in NYC "The Jungle"(Sinclair)-exposed working conditions in meat packing industry | 16 | |
| 3571409154 | Initiative | voters can create new legislation through a ballot | 17 | |
| 3571412273 | Referendum | voters can repeal old legislation through a ballot | 18 | |
| 3571414620 | Recall | voters can remove an undesirable official through a ballot | 19 | |
| 3571416317 | Direct primary election | voters decide their party's candidates | 20 | |
| 3571434523 | Australian ballot | government printed ballot of uniform size and shape to be cast in secret | 21 | |
| 3571498300 | Australian ballot purpose | 1890-adopted by many states to reduce voting fraud associated with party-printed ballots cast in public (not in voting booths) | 22 | |
| 3571505320 | Before australian ballot | people could vote more than once ("floaters"/"repeaters") common phrase-"vote early and vote often" Parties control counting of votes (numbers of votes often exceeded number of registered voters in a district) | 23 | |
| 3571513062 | Women's suffrage | part of progressive era; been in process since Seneca Falls Convention; women increasingly being included in industrial workplace; 8 million | 24 | |
| 3571539295 | Who was first to give women the right to vote? | western states and territories at local and state level because of their non-traditional roles | 25 | |
| 3571559151 | What year did women have the right to vote in all western states? (EXCEPT New Mexico) | 1914 | 26 | |
| 3571560525 | City-manager system | city level of municipal government | 27 | |
| 3571566187 | Characteristics of city-manager system | commissioners, Galveston Texas, allowed targeted progressive reforms; targeted residential "slumlords", juvenile delinquency, end to prostitution; more effective than municipal governments run by mayors, city officials and law enforcement who frequently controlled political machines | 28 | |
| 3571579078 | Wisconsin idea | state level | 29 | |
| 3571580756 | "Fighting Bob" La Colette | Governor; formed academic alliance to improve government; called academics to help draft legislative reform; to ensure reform gets passed, had voting roll call read publicly in districts of legislators who opposed reform | 30 | |
| 3571598945 | How did he earn his nickname? | by fighting to clean up government and producing social reform | 31 | |
| 3571601649 | 1901-1906 La Folette | got rid of party bosses, brought direct primary, civil service reform, regulation of public utilities; many other states followed Wisconsin idea | 32 | |
| 3571606657 | Settlement House movement | social work for middle class women | 33 | |
| 3571609217 | Women's club movement | women to focus on specific areas and translate club specific interests into social movements | 34 | |
| 3571614673 | Maternal issues | child labor, health/air conditions, tenements, food quality, food supply and female working conditions | 35 | |
| 3571618844 | Feminist issues became divisions within what? | Department of Labor; Children's Bureau 1912, Women's Bureau 1920 | 36 | |
| 3571626353 | Florence Kelley | one time resident of settlement house; first chief factory inspector for Illinois; National Consumers League | 37 | |
| 3571631870 | Muller v Oregon-protective paternalism | Louis D Brandeis persuaded Supreme Court accept laws protecting female workers | 38 | |
| 3571640588 | The American welfare state that emerged from female activism focused more on what? | protecting women and children than on granting benefits to everyone | 39 | |
| 3571643138 | Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire-1911 New York City | Company occupied upper floors of ten story building marking tailored women's blouses | 40 | |
| 3571650548 | Who worked in the TSF? | 500 immigrant women (Jewish and Italian) | 41 | |
| 3571652896 | How did the fire start? | fabric fed the fire | 42 | |
| 3571654685 | What was wrong with the doors? | locked from the outside to keep workers in | 43 | |
| 3571656613 | How did women escape? | one open stairway to the roof | 44 | |
| 3571659267 | What happened to the other women? | piled onto the one rusty fire escape which gave way and the women crashed to their deaths; other women jumped from windows to avoid flames | 45 | |
| 3571669173 | What was wrong with the ladders on the fire truck? | they were too short at the time | 46 | |
| 3571682221 | How did the women die? | jumped to firemen's nets which were not made for jumps from such a high building>> women crashed to pavement; smoke inhalation; 146 workers died | 47 | |
| 3571687385 | Women groups pressured city government of NY which eventually | (1) appointed fire commissioners (2) made fire drills mandatory (3) made unlocked fire proof exists mandatory (4) required sprinklers in buildings that were more than seven stories high | 48 | |
| 3571716716 | What became the target of progressives? | saloons and alcohol | 49 | |
| 3571800337 | What was drinking associated with? | Prostitution and "drunken voter"; problems of cities to new immigrants | 50 | |
| 3571804032 | What did prohibition groups see links between? | saloons, immigrants, political machines | 51 | |
| 3571807493 | What did immigrant men use saloons as? | social clubs as they had in the "old country" | 52 | |
| 3571809951 | Temperance Movement | organized campaign to eliminate alcohol consumption | 53 | |
| 3571812651 | What 3 groups dominated the Temperance Movement? | Prohibition Party, Women's Christian Temperance Union, Anti-Saloon League | 54 | |
| 3571821402 | "Dry" laws | some counties and states restricted alcohol use on certain days or altogether in certain areas | 55 | |
| 3571829637 | "Wet" cities | there was no restriction on alcohol consumption | 56 | |
| 3571831648 | What did prohibition start off as? | A women's issue | 57 | |
| 3571835645 | 3 main goals of prohibition | (1) eliminate drunkenness and resulting abuse of family members and others (2) get rid of saloons where prostitution, gambling, other forms of vice thrived (3) prevent absenteeism and on the job accidents stemming from drunkenness | 58 | |
| 3571843602 | Eighteenth Amendment | ratified in 1919 | 59 | |
| 3571858220 | What did Roosevelt view the presidency as | "bully pulpit"-an ideal platform from which to guide the American public to support moral, worthy causes | 60 | |
| 3571956439 | What did the Square Deal do? | created major expansion in federal authority in which chief executive is a strong political force | 61 | |
| 3571960296 | Why was a "Square Deal" demanded? | capital, labor, and public at large in tandem with government | 62 | |
| 3571963197 | Square Deal 3Cs | (1) Control of Corporations (2) Consumer protection (3) Conservation of natural resources | 63 | |
| 3571967670 | Anthracite Coal Mine Strike 1902 | United Mine Workers in PA | 64 | |
| 3571969290 | What did the miners want? | 20% pay increase, reduction to 9 hour work day | 65 | |
| 3571974659 | What did the strike threaten? | to cut off critically needed coal nationwide | 66 | |
| 3571978041 | What did TR do about the strike? | had representatives from both sides meet at the White House to negotiate | 67 | |
| 3571980243 | What did TR threaten? | to use federal troops to seize and operate the mines to help ensure the nation's coal supply | 68 | |
| 3571984558 | Why was TR's threat significant? | it was the first time that federal force was threatened against capital instead of against labor | 69 | |
| 3571986245 | What did owners agree to? | arbitration | 70 | |
| 3571992505 | What was it the first time of? | for a president to intervene on behalf of labor | 71 | |
| 3571993988 | What did workers end up with? | 10% pay increase and 9 hour work day | 72 | |
| 3571999451 | Why did Roosevelt call it a "square deal"? | for both sides in the strike and phrase became a slogan for his presidency | 73 | |
| 3572003688 | Department of Commerce and Labor | created at TR's suggestion | 74 | |
| 3572005473 | Bureau of Corporations | created as a division of department to investigate interstate commerce | 75 | |
| 3572015559 | Why was the creation of the Bureau of Corporations significant? | allowed federal government to investigate business and engage in "trust-busting" | 76 | |
| 3572018142 | What was Teddy Roosevelt's nickname? | "Trustbuster" | 77 | |
| 3572019432 | What did Roosevelt believe? | there was good trusts that took into consideration the public welfare and those that existed only for profit | 78 | |
| 3572023304 | What did Roosevelt take on? | railroad companies | 79 | |
| 3572024872 | Elkins Act | set fines for RRs and shippers who participated in rebates | 80 | |
| 3572027556 | Hepburn Act | authorized the Interstate Commerce Commission to enforce limitation of preferential rates given out by RR companies to their best customers | 81 | |
| 3572032462 | What was the result of the Hepburn Act? | the ICC became the first regulatory agency of the federal government | 82 | |
| 3572036985 | Northern Securities Case | using Sherman-Anti Trust Act, Roosevelt filed lawsuit against Hill's and Morgan's Northern Securities Railroad Company | 83 | |
| 3572046813 | What upheld Roosevelt's suit in the Northern Securites? | Supreme Court, which forced the giant railroad company to break up | 84 | |
| 3572054288 | What did Roosevelt file similar suits against? (dozen of other trusts) | beef trust, sugar trust, harvester trust (1) Supreme Court declared beef trust illegal (2) 42 antitrust suits filed | 85 | |
| 3572063997 | Why did TR want to eliminate trusts? | harmed the public, wanted to prove that government, not private business ruled the country | 86 | |
| 3572070708 | What did Roosevelt protect? | the Consumer | 87 | |
| 3572074103 | What did European markets do? | threatened to stop importing American beef due to safety concerns (The Jungle) | 88 | |
| 3572076329 | Meat Inspection Act | required federal inspection of meat processing to insure sanitary conditions | 89 | |
| 3572078440 | Pure Food and Drug Act | prevented misleading or false labeling of food and drugs | 90 | |
| 3572082186 | Roosevelt as a Conservationist | Feared that industrialization and mining was going to result in the depletion of nation's resources | 91 | |
| 3572085907 | What did TR and other progressives push for? | environmental reform | 92 | |
| 3572088670 | Desert Land Act | government sold arid land if buyer would agree to irrigate land within 3 years | 93 | |
| 3572092427 | Forest Reserve Act | authorized President to set aside public forests as national parks and other reserves (46 million acres) | 94 | |
| 3572095086 | Carey Act | distributed federal land to states if were irrigated and settled | 95 | |
| 3572096849 | Newlands Act | authorized federal government to sell public lands in western states in order to build irrigation systems | 96 | |
| 3572099309 | Roosevelt Dam completed | ushers in new era of creating damns throughout western rivers | 97 | |
| 3572130944 | Conservation movement was inspired by this literary piece | Call of the Wild (F) Serra Club 1892 founded | 98 | |
| 3572168029 | "Roosevelt's Panic" | Financial panic caused runs on banks, suicides, criminal indictments against speculators | 99 | |
| 3572173822 | What did financiers blame Roosevelt for? | his policies for financial downturn "Theodore the Meddler" the "Roosevelt Panic" | 100 | |
| 3572179692 | What did TR blame the trusts for? | arranging the panic to try to stop "trust busting" | 101 | |
| 3572191828 | What did the panic eventually lead to? | Financial reform | 102 | |
| 3572192970 | Aldrich-Vreeland Act | Allowed national banks to issue notes to put more money into circulation | 103 | |
| 3572196907 | What was its aim? | to give elasticity to currency by permitting traditional banks to issue additional currency on bonds of states, towns, and counties, as well as commercial paper | 104 | |
| 3572200965 | What did it create? | National Monetary Commission to investigate monetary systems and banking abroad and to advise Congress on reforms of American banking systems | 105 | |
| 3572210298 | Election of 1908 | TR announced he would seek a 3rd term | 106 | |
| 3572213070 | William Howard Taft | TR's Vice president and close friend | 107 | |
| 3572214437 | William Jennings Bryan | nominated by Democrats | 108 | |
| 3572217036 | What did both candidates campaign on? | progressive platform | 109 | |
| 3572217037 | Who won? | Taft easily by more than one million popular votes | 110 | |
| 3572219640 | What did TR leave for? | an African safari | 111 | |
| 3572221323 | Dollar Diplomacy | Taft believed that he could convince smaller, developing nations to support US by investing American Dollars in their economies | 112 | |
| 3572225881 | What did this economic/foreign policy do? | made both allies and profits for U.S. and American investors | 113 | |
| 3572228593 | Manchuria | Taft offered to purchase and develop Manchurian Railway to prevent Russia and Japan from seizing control of it and colonizing the region | 114 | |
| 3572234323 | What happened to the powers? | both powers refused to hand the railway over to the U.S.; the deal fell through | 115 | |
| 3572240100 | Latin America | U.S. invested millions of dollars into unstable Latin American countries to send occupation troops to protect their investments | 116 | |
| 3572244154 | What were the countries? | Honduras, Nicaragua, Cuba, Dominican Republic | 117 | |
| 3572248513 | What did they eventually have to do? | send occupation troops to protect their investments | 118 | |
| 3572252614 | 1912 Nicaragua | 2,500 troops needed to be sent to maintain peace | 119 | |
| 3572254263 | When did the troops stay til? | 1925 | 120 | |
| 3572257963 | What happened to Taft's "Dollar Diplomacy"? | ultimately failed | 121 | |
| 3572259496 | Taft as "trust buster" | brought 90 anti-trust suits against monopolies in his 4 year administration | 122 | |
| 3572261147 | Standard Oil Case | Supreme Court ruled that it was in violation of Sherman Anti-Trust Act | 123 | |
| 3572263474 | "rule of reason" | used only those combinations that "unreasonably" restrained were illegal | 124 | |
| 3572266053 | Result? | the break-up of the oil giant | 125 | |
| 3572267677 | What did ruling do? | slowed down he government's prosecution of antitrust suits | 126 | |
| 3572272209 | What is Taft file an anti-trust to? and what did it do? | suit against U.S. Steel; infuriated TR who had been involved in original merger to lawfully create U.S. Steel | 127 | |
| 3572279819 | Payne-Aldrich Tariff | Taft campaigned on platform of reducing protective tariff | 128 | |
| 3572282468 | What happened with Taft? | Ultimately did not have political power to prevent conservatives within Republican party from repeatedly amending a bill for a lower tariff | 129 | |
| 3572287735 | Why did the overall tariff rate remain practically unchanged? | by the time the Payne-Aldrich Tariff reached the president, conservatives had made so many amendments to keep tariffs high on certain products | 130 | |
| 3572293372 | What happened to the bill? | Taft signed it anyway and they hailed it as the best bill Republicans past ever | 131 | |
| 3572298245 | What did outraged progressives do? | denounced the tariff and called Taft a traitor | 132 | |
| 3572304952 | Gifford Pinchot | head of the Forestry Division in the Department of Agriculture; appointed by Roosevelt | 133 | |
| 3572310120 | Who did Pinchot anger? Why? | Taft by opposing Secretary of Interior Richard Ballinger's decision to sell public wilderness lands in Alaska and Rocky Mountains to corporate developers | 134 | |
| 3572314326 | What did Taft do? | fired Pinchot for insubordination and refused to reinstate Pinchot even after TR and other progressive Republicans begged Taft to do so | 135 | |
| 3572324122 | What did this do to Taft's public image? | tarnished it as a conservationist and a progressive | 136 | |
| 3572328517 | What did it create? | an even greater rift between Roosevelt and Taft | 137 | |
| 3572330625 | What was Taft accused of? | being dominated by the "Old guard" (non-progressive) wing of the Republican Party | 138 | |
| 3572334187 | Election of 1912 | Taft and Roosevelt go their separate ways | 139 | |
| 3572338623 | What was formed? | National Progressive Republican League | 140 | |
| 3572345364 | Who became the leading Republican nominee? | Senator Roberta La Follette of Wisconsin | 141 | |
| 3572349088 | What did Theodore Roosevelt do? | went on a writing campaign to seven Republican governors presenting himself as a willing Republican nominee for election | 142 | |
| 3572351649 | What was TR famously stated? | "My hat is in the ring" | 143 | |
| 3572354302 | What did TR claim? | in a nasty primary campaign season, to be the true progressive and pushed La Follette aside | 144 | |
| 3572359185 | What did Taft supporters do? | stayed true to him at Republican convention | 145 |
