A Study Guide for Chapter 9 - The Americas
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| A land bridge which connected present-day Asia and North America | ||
| Ceremonial gatherings of Native Americans and Pacific Northwest | ||
| a brick or building material made of sun-dried earth and straw | ||
| large shaggy-haired brown bison of North American plains | ||
| cone-shaped tents usually made of animal skins | ||
| Native Ameriacans who lived in the Southwest from about 300 B.C. to A.D. 1300s and used irragation to bring water to the crops | ||
| a member of any of about two dozen Native American peoples called pueblos by the Spanish because they live in villages built of adobe and rock | ||
| A mound builder society that was centered in the Ohio River Valley from about 200 B.C to AD 400 | ||
| Lived in the Eastern Woodlands from 700 AD to 1550 AD along the Mississippi River | ||
| raised fileds made with mud taken from the bottom of lakes which increased the amount of food farmers could grow | ||
| a group of knotted strings used by the Incas to record information | ||
| the earliest-known Mesoamerican civilization, which flourished aroun 1200 B.C. and influenced later societies throughout the region. | ||
| the first major South American civilization, which flourished in the highlands of what is now Peru from about 900 to 200 B.C. | ||
| Considered MesoAmerica's most advanced civilization concentrated in Mexico's Yucatan Peninsula and in Guatemala and Honduras. Major contributions were in mathematics, astronomy, and development of the calendar. (p. 302) | ||
| a people who invaded central Mexico and were ruled by a military class; had a capital city of Tula; influenced the Maya; introduced the working of gold and silver; spread the worship of their god Quetzalcoatl; destroyed in the AD 1100s | ||
| group from the north that invaded central Mexico; were first wandering warriors; built their capital city at Tenochtitlan; increased their power until they dominated central Mexico; built causeways, pyramids, marketplaces, and palaces; adopted many customs from other cultures; used chinamapas for farming; militaristic society; known for human sacrifice and dedication to the sun god; ended when conquered by Spanish explorers in the 1500s | ||
| A Mesoamerican civilization of South America, known as the "children of the sun" centered in Peru. The Inca ruled a large empire and had many cultural and scientific achievements including an elaborate road system, architecture, and terrace farming. The arrival of the Spanish Conquistadores ended their empire in the 15th century. | ||
| language of the Incas | ||
| a narrow passage of water connecting two large bodies of water | ||
| Aztec god, the "feathered serpent," who was borrowed origionally from the Toltecs; was believed to have been defeated by another god and exiled, and he promised to return riding on a cloud. | ||
| dominated Aztec sociey as warriors earning prestige, wealth, and power | ||
| Consisted of feeding the sun god with human sacrifices...constantly at war with darkness | ||
| an effort by this South American civilization to eliminate regional differences by moving villages, establishing a common language and religion, and transportation network |
