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| 6208143823 | A series of proteins working in a cascading manner to generate important host defense mechanisms = | Complement | 0 | |
| 6208143824 | The three pathways of complement activation = | Classical Alternative Mannose Binding Ligand (MBL) | 1 | |
| 6208143825 | Classical complement system is activated by? | Antigen antibody binding complexes | 2 | |
| 6208143826 | What happens when antibody binds antigen in classical complement activation? | Complement binding site on Fc region is exposed | 3 | |
| 6208143827 | Where is the complement binding site located? | Fc region, heavy chain | 4 | |
| 6208143828 | C1q binds to? | exposed complement binding site | 5 | |
| 6208143829 | C1r and C1s bind to? | C1q | 6 | |
| 6208143830 | What makes up the activated C1? | The complex of C1q C1r and C1s | 7 | |
| 6208143831 | What does activated C1 do? | Splits C4 into C4a and C4b | 8 | |
| 6208143832 | C4 is circulating t/f? | true | 9 | |
| 6208143833 | What does C4b do? | sticks to the activated C1 | 10 | |
| 6208143834 | When C4b binds to activated C1 what is formed? | C14b | 11 | |
| 6208143835 | What does C14b do? | splits C2 into C2a and C2b | 12 | |
| 6208143836 | What does C2b bind to? What does this make? | C14b to make C14b2b | 13 | |
| 6208143837 | What does C14b2b do? | splits C3 into C3a and C3b | 14 | |
| 6208143838 | What does C3b bind to? What does this make? | C14b2b to make C14b2b3b | 15 | |
| 6208143839 | What does C14b2b3b do? | splits C5 into C5a and C5b | 16 | |
| 6208143840 | What forms the membrane attack complex? | C6 C7 C8 and C9 bind to C5b in stepwise fashion | 17 | |
| 6208143841 | What does the membrane attack complex do to the antigen membrane? (MAC) | assembles on the antigen membrane and perforates it | 18 | |
| 6208143842 | c5b binds? | c6 and c7 | 19 | |
| 6208143843 | C5b67 binds to membrane via? | binds to membrane via C7 | 20 | |
| 6208143844 | C8 binds to the membrane attack complex and does what? | inserts into the cell membrane of the bacteria | 21 | |
| 6208143845 | C9 moleculeS bind to the membrane attack complex and _____________ | polymerizes | 22 | |
| 6208143846 | 1-16 molecules of c9 bind to form a _________ in the membrane | pore | 23 | |
| 6208143847 | The membrane attack complex pokes holes in bacterial membranes causing what? | fluids to rush in and causing the organism to burst | 24 | |
| 6208143848 | What is opsonization? | coating of organisms with antibody and C3b so that they are more easily phagocytosed by neutrophils and macrophages | 25 | |
| 6208143849 | Neutrophils alone ingest organisms __________ | slowly | 26 | |
| 6208143850 | Phagocytic activity of neutrophils is markedly ____________ by the addition of antibody | increased | 27 | |
| 6208143851 | In what conditions are phagocytosis most efficient? | When neutrophils are combined with antibody and *complement* | 28 | |
| 6208143852 | 90% of organisms are phagocytosed in 10 minutes when what is combined? | neutrophils, antibody and complement | 29 | |
| 6208143853 | Important functions of the complement system | opsonization chemotaxis anaphyatoxin production lysis of organisms | 30 | |
| 6208143854 | The complement proteins that are important in chemotaxis are? | C3a and C5a... phagocytic cells are attracted to the site of the antigen | 31 | |
| 6208143855 | c3b is important in? | opsonization | 32 | |
| 6208143856 | The anaphylatoxins are? | c3a and c5a | 33 | |
| 6208143857 | What do c3a and c5a, the anaphylatoxins do? | They degranulate mast cells and basophils | 34 | |
| 6208143858 | granules of mast cells and basophils contain? | potent inflammatory chemicals --> histamine | 35 | |
| 6208143859 | degranulation is a ___________ part of the complement system | normal | 36 | |
| 6208143860 | allergy occurs when? | excess degranulation occurs | 37 | |
| 6208143861 | What do C3a and c5a bind to to cause degranulation of mast cells? | IgE | 38 | |
| 6208143862 | Which complement proteins promote lysis of organisms that are coated with antibodies? | C8 and C9 | 39 | |
| 6208143863 | What is C1 inhibitor? | a protein that block the complement system | 40 | |
| 6208143864 | When is C1 inhibitor normally active? | when you have removed all of the antigen, C1 inhibitor turns the complement system off | 41 | |
| 6208143865 | Heriditary angioedema is caused by lack of? | lack of C1 inhibitor | 42 | |
| 6208143866 | Alternative complement pathway is activated by? | bacterial or viral products such as LPS | 43 | |
| 6208143867 | C3b is produced for the alternative complement pathway how? | generated from the natural breakdown of C3 in the body | 44 | |
| 6208143868 | The following proteins are important in alternative complement pathway: | C3b factor B factor D Properdin | 45 | |
| 6208143869 | Together, C3b, factor B factor D and properdin generate what? | C3bBbP | 46 | |
| 6208143870 | What does C3bBbP do? | splits C3 into C3a and C3b | 47 | |
| 6208143871 | The production of C3a and C3b in alternative complement pathway does what? | continues the normal complement cascade | 48 | |
| 6208143872 | What are the inhibitors of the alternative pathway? | Factor H and Factor I | 49 | |
| 6208143873 | If you have no C4 complement protein what happens? | You can only activate complement using the alternative pathway | 50 | |
| 6208143874 | If you are exposed to an antigen for the first time which pathway will you use to kill it? | The alternative pathway because you have no antibodies against the antigen to start the classical complement pathway | 51 | |
| 6208143875 | The lectin pathway is activated by? | organisms with mannose on their surface | 52 | |
| 6208143876 | The following proteins are important in the lectin pathway: | MBL (mannose binding lectin) MASP 1 MASP 2 | 53 | |
| 6208143877 | t/f most bacteria have mannose on their surface? | true | 54 | |
| 6208143878 | MBL, MASP 1 and MASP 2 activate what? | C4b2b which then feeds into C3 | 55 | |
| 6208143879 | absence of C1q, C2 or C4 is associated with? | SLE = lupus | 56 | |
| 6208143880 | Absence of C3 leads to? | severe recurrent bacterial infections | 57 | |
| 6208143881 | Absence of C5 leads to? | bacterial infections | 58 | |
| 6208143882 | Absence of C6 C7 or C8 leads to ? | overwhelming Neisserial infections (N. menningitidis and N. gonorrhea) | 59 | |
| 6208143883 | Absence of alternative pathway components leads to? | recurrent bacterial infections | 60 | |
| 6208143884 | Absence of lectin pathway proteins leads to? | infections in childhood | 61 | |
| 6208143885 | Absence of C1-INH (C1 inhibitory protein) leads to? | hereditary angioedema | 62 | |
| 6208143886 | What is hereditary angioedema? | rare autosomal dominant disorder resulting from inherited deficiency or dysfunction of the C1 inhibitor | 63 | |
| 6208143887 | Hereditary angioedema is characterized by? | recurrent episodes of angioedema without urticaria or pruritus which most often affect the skin, as well as the mucosal tissues of the upper respiratory and GI tract causes swelling of mouth, lips and throat | 64 | |
| 6208143888 | Hereditary angioedema swelling is self limited but laryngeal involvement may cause fatal ___________ | asphyxiation | 65 | |
| 6208143889 | hereditary angioedema symptoms are brought on by? | minor trauma leading to severe swelling | 66 | |
| 6208143890 | What is given to treat swelling due to hereditary angioedema | C1 inhibitor given via IV injection | 67 | |
| 6208361497 | As a picture |  | 68 |
