chapter 14 of traditions and encounters; also, this thing is loaded with spelling errors, so sorry for that. i'll try and fix em as i see em. also, HIGHLY recommend reading the chapter first before even glancing at this. k?
love ya much,
Jen
Terms : Hide Images
| 14718627 | Prophet Muhammad | in 632, he visited his native city of Mecca from his home in exile at Medina, and in doing so he set an example that devout Muslims have sought to emulate ever since | 0 | |
| 14718628 | Hajj | the holy pilgrimage to Mecca | 1 | |
| 14718630 | Islam | submission; signifying obedience to the rule and will of Allah | 2 | |
| 14718631 | Allah | the only deity recognized in the strictly monotheistic Islamic religion | 3 | |
| 14718632 | Muslim | is an individual that accepts the Islamic faith; "one who has submitted" | 4 | |
| 14718633 | dar al-Islam | "the house of Islam" | 5 | |
| 14829601 | Bedouin | nomadic peoples that kept heards of sheep, goats and camels, migrating through the deserts to find grass and water for their animals | 6 | |
| 14829603 | Khadija | the woman Muhammad worked for; a wealthy widow whom he married about the year 595 | 7 | |
| 14829604 | Allah | Muhammad said that there was but only one deity, and his name was... | 8 | |
| 14829605 | Quran | "recitation"; the holy book of the Muslims; the quotes, sayings, and teachings of Muhammad | 9 | |
| 14829606 | Hadith | traditions which include sayings attributed to Muhammad and accounts of the prophet's deeds | 10 | |
| 14829607 | Ka'ba | a cube shaped building that has many shrines | 11 | |
| 14829608 | Medina | "city of the prophet" | 12 | |
| 14829609 | Hijra | "migration"; Muhammad's move to Medina serves as the starting point of the official Islamic calendar | 13 | |
| 14829610 | Umma | "community of the faithful"; Muhammad organized his followers into a cohesive community and provided it with a comprehensive legal and social code | 14 | |
| 14829611 | "Seal of the Prophets" | the final prophet through whom Allah would reveal his message to mankind; Muhammad | 15 | |
| 14829612 | Five Pillars of Islam | 1. must know that Allah is the only god and Muhammad is his prophet; 2. pray daily; 3. fast on Ramadan; 4. tithe/alms; 5. try to visit Mecca | 16 | |
| 14829613 | Sharia | Islamic holy law, other than the 5 pillars; offered detail guidance on proper behavior in almost every aspect of life | 17 | |
| 14829614 | Abu Bakr | a genial man who was one of the prophet's closest friends and most devoted disciples to serve as caliph | 18 | |
| 14829615 | Caliph | deputy for the Islamic religion | 19 | |
| 14829616 | Shia | "party" | 20 | |
| 14829617 | Ali | cousin and son of Muhammad; after his assassination partisans of him formed the Shia | 21 | |
| 14829618 | Sunnis | "traditionalists" | 22 | |
| 14829619 | Umayyad Dynasty | after the assassination of Ali, the establishment of this solved the problem of succession, at least temporarily; ruled the dar al-Islam as conquerors, and their policies reflected the interests of the Arab military aristocracy | 23 | |
| 14829620 | Damascus | a thriving commercial city in Syria, and also the capital of the Umayyads dynasty | 24 | |
| 14829621 | Jizya | a special tax for non Muslims from the Umayyad Dynasty | 25 | |
| 14829622 | Abu al-Abbas | the chief leader of the rebellion that brought the Umayyad Dynasty to an end; a descendant of Muhammad's uncle; he was a Sunni Arab | 26 | |
| 14829623 | Mongols | toppled the Abbasid dynasty in 1258 C.E. | 27 | |
| 14829624 | Abbasid Dynasty | Abu al-Abbas founded this; far more cosmopolitan; sparred intermittently with the Byzantine; | 28 | |
| 14829625 | Ulama | "people with religious knowledge"; were pious scholars who sought to develop public policy in accordance with the Quran and sharia | 29 | |
| 14829626 | Qadis | "judges"; heard cases at law and remembered decisions based on the Quran and sharia | 30 | |
| 14829627 | Harun al-Rashid | the high point of the Abbasid dynasty came during the reign of the caliph; but after his rein the Abbasid Empire fell to a decline | 31 | |
| 14829628 | Sultan | "ruler"; Saljuq sultan was the true source of power in the Abbasid empire | 32 | |
| 14829629 | Battle of Talas River | it ended the expansion of China's Tang dynasty into central Asia, and it opened the door for the spread of Islam among Turkish peoples | 33 | |
| 14855338 | Sakk | banks established multiple branches that honored letters of credit known as this; aka "check" | 34 | |
| 14855339 | Al-Andalus | the prosperity of Islamic Spain illustrates the far-reaching effects of long-distance trade during the Abbasid era | 35 | |
| 14855340 | Sufis | word probably came from the patched woolen garments favored by the mystics; the most effective Islamic missionaries | 36 | |
| 14855341 | Al-Ghazali | was most important of the early Sufis was a persian theologian; argued that human reason was too frail to understand the nature of Allah and hence could not explain the mysteries of the world | 37 | |
| 14855342 | Rubaiyant | "quatrains" verses of Omar Khayyam are examples of how Persia still had a major influence on the Islamic empire | 38 | |
| 15023172 | Madrasas | institutions of higher education | 39 |
