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| 11780313052 | United States experienced what during the gilded age? | an industrial revolution | 0 | |
| 11780313053 | what did the Civil War stimulate? | mass production techniques that were used after the war to make industrial goods | 1 | |
| 11780313054 | what was needed to rebuild the nation after the war and build America's new cities? | industrial goods like iron steel and railroads | 2 | |
| 11780313055 | what was the first wave of inventions in America's industrial revolution? | cash registers, typewriters, and adding machines | 3 | |
| 11780313056 | what revolutionized communication? | Marconi's wireless transmitter and Bell's telephone | 4 | |
| 11780313057 | what created a cheap way to transfer my iron into stronger lighter steel? | Bessemer process | 5 | |
| 11780313058 | who was The wizard of Menlo Park and was the greatest inventor of the 1800s? | Thomas Edison | 6 | |
| 11780313059 | who invented the first phonograph, audio recorder, and battery and also the electric lightbulb? | Thomas Edison | 7 | |
| 11780313060 | what was America's industrial revolution fueled by? | r. o. S. e. railroads, oil, steel, electricity | 8 | |
| 11780313061 | what was America's first big business? | the railroad | 9 | |
| 11780313062 | how were railroads constructed in the years before the Civil War? | the tracks were owned by different companies and were not standardized | 10 | |
| 11780313063 | why did railroad construction boom during the gilded age? | it was led by tycoons like Cornelius Vanderbilt who bought small railroads, standardized gauges and schedules, and pooled cars | 11 | |
| 11780313064 | what did railroad expansion lead to? | a boom in economybecause they connected the south east north and west and allowed for national trade and egional specialization | 12 | |
| 11780313065 | what was finished in 1869? | the first Transcontinental railroad | 13 | |
| 11780313066 | how were Eastern railroads connected to the West? | by four great trunk lines | 14 | |
| 11780313067 | what did railroads stimulate a demand for? | coal, oil, iron, and steel | 15 | |
| 11780313068 | why did industrialization lead to demands for iron and steel? | you let the skyscrapers, longer Bridges, stronger railroads, and heavy machinery | 16 | |
| 11780313069 | who dominated the iron and steel industries? | Andrew Carnegie because he converted his Mills to the Bessemer process and made the highest quality steel at the lowest price they also produced more steel than all the steel factories in great Britain combined | 17 | |
| 11780313070 | what did Carnegie represent? | The American dream by rising from a poor immigrants to richest man in the world | 18 | |
| 11780313071 | how did Carnegie spend his money? | he did not pay his employees very much and do not allow unions in his factories but he was a philanthropist who give money to New York City libraries, colleges, and performing arts institutions | 19 | |
| 11780313072 | who dominated the oil industry during the gilded age? | John d rockefeller's standard oil company because he use ruthless tactics to buy a competing companies, standard oil lowered cost, and improve the quality of its oil products | 20 | |
| 11780313073 | how did Rockefeller spend his money? | he took advantage of his workers and use his fortune to influence the national government but Rockefeller gave away 500 million dollars to charities, created the Rockefeller foundation, and founded the University of Chicago | 21 | |
| 11780313074 | who dominated American finance during the gilded age? | JP Morgan because he bailed at the railroad industry when companies were in trouble and he helped ease an economic depression during the panic of 1907 | 22 | |
| 11780313075 | why do businesses hire professional managers? | to oversee employees improve efficiency and manage finances | 23 | |
| 11780313076 | why did corporations use board of trustees? | to manage the company and holding companies to manage other subsidiary companies | 24 | |
| 11780313077 | how did corporations use mergers to increase profits? | by using horizontal integration device similar companies to reduce competition and using vertical integration to buy companies in order to gain materials needed to make or deliver their products | 25 | |
| 11780313078 | what did corporate mergers lead to? | giant companies called monopolies that control the majority of in industry | 26 | |
| 11780313079 | how did monopolist justify their wealth? | 1 the gospel of wealth argued that it is God's will for some men to gain great wealth so they could serve the public, to social Darwinism. that natural competition weeds out the weak and the Strong survive, 3 the government use laissez-faire policies were big business the lack of regulation of the business is doing very powerful and exploitive | 27 | |
| 11861057017 | what caused the U.S. to place quotas on immigrants? | from 1880 to 1921, 23 million immigrants came over and many Americans expressed nativism and accused immigrants of taking jobs away from "real" americans | 28 | |
| 11861057018 | where did most u.s. immigrants come from? | colonial era to 1880: England, Ireland, or Germany 1880-1921: southern and Eastern Europe (Italy, Poland, Austria-Hungary, and Russia) | 29 | |
| 11861057019 | what was the typical immigrant? | young, male, either Catholic or Jewish, and spoke little or no English ( most were unskilled agricultural laborers with little money or education) | 30 | |
| 11861057020 | where did most immigrants enter the u.s.? | Ellis island in New York | 31 | |
| 11861057021 | what did immigrants have to do in the u.s.? | pass a health examination and got questioned by inspectors to make sure they were not criminals, could work, and had some money | 32 | |
| 11861057022 | what were nativists? | people who had deep-seated prejudices about immigrants based on ethnicity, religion, political and social beliefs | 33 | |
| 11861057023 | what led to massive urbanization in the gilded age? | rural Americans and immigrants moving to cities, bridges and skyscrapers were built with new engineering innovations, and cities expanded from industrial centers to a ring of out suburbs | 34 | |
| 11861057024 | where did immigrants typically settle? | in parts of cities called enclaves where the ethnic community and feel of security allowed them to be surrounded by the familiar customs, food, and language of their homeland | 35 | |
| 11861057025 | what did immigrants do for work? | industrial jobs because industries needed cheap workers and most immigrants are unskilled and willing to accept almost any kind of job | 36 | |
| 11861057026 | what caused people to join labor unions? | low wages, long hours, and dangerous working conditions in the factories | 37 | |
| 11861057027 | what was one of the first labor unions in America? | The knights of labor which was open to a workers regardless of race, gender, or skill | 38 | |
| 11861057028 | what was the most successful union in America? | the American federation of labor led by Samuel Gompers which only included skilled workers but used collective bargaining to gain better pay, shorter hours, and better working conditions for members | 39 | |
| 11861057029 | what tactic did unions use? | Strikes which were designed to stop production in order to force management to accept union demands | 40 | |
| 11861057030 | how did business leaders deal with strikes? | they hired replacement workers or private police to break them up | 41 | |
| 11870475420 | what happened during the Chicago Haymarket strike? | unionists demanded an 8 hour day but when violence broke out, public opinion turned against unions, viewing them as violent and "un-american" | 42 | |
| 11870475421 | what happened during the Homestead strike? | violence erupted at Carnegie's steel plant where federal troops were called to re-open the factory with replacement workers | 43 | |
| 11870475422 | why did President Cleveland send an army to end a strike? | because railroad workers led a national strike when the Pullman Palace Company cut wages by 50% | 44 | |
| 11870475423 | who were the main migrants to the west? | farmers | 45 | |
| 11870475424 | what was the homestead act? | gave 160 acres of free western land to anyone who farmed the land for 5 years | 46 | |
| 11870475425 | why was life difficult on the Great Plains? | there was a lack of trees and poor soil, tornados and droughts were constant problems and 60% of homesteaders failed to make it to the required 5 years | 47 | |
| 11870475426 | who took advantage of the homestead act? | farmers and "exodusters" (African Americans) to escape Jim crow laws in the south | 48 | |
| 11870475427 | how were miners, ranchers, and farmers connected to Eastern cities in 1869? | the Transcontinental railroad | 49 | |
| 11870475428 | what did the Chinese workers build? | the central Pacific railroad from West to east | 50 | |
| 11870475429 | what did the Irish workers build? | the Union Pacific railroad from East to west | 51 | |
| 11870475430 | where did the Union Pacific and central Pacific tracks meet? | at promontory point in utah | 52 | |
| 11870475431 | how did the federal government encourage railroad construction? | by giving millions of acres of land to railroad companies | 53 | |
| 11870475432 | how many railroads extended to the Pacific coast by 1890? | 5 | 54 | |
| 11870475433 | what ended Chinese immigration to America? | Chinese exclusion act | 55 | |
| 11870475434 | what innovations did the railroad cause? | time zones to coordinate train schedules, luxury train cars (Pullman palace cars) and refrigerated train cars | 56 | |
| 11870475435 | where did 2/3 of all Indians live by the end of the civil war? | the great plains | 57 | |
| 11870475436 | what were great plain indians dependent on? | the Buffalo and the horse | 58 | |
| 11870475437 | how did Indian policy change during the guilded age? | Jackson used the Indian removal act to relocate indians to lands west of the Mississippi River but the manifest destiny caused indians to concentrate on small reservations and the flood of miners, ranchers, and farmers led to the Indian wars | 59 | |
| 11870475438 | what caused the battle of little big Horn? | Americans flooded into Sioux territory in South Dakota for gold | 60 | |
| 11870475439 | what was the result of little big horn? | the Sioux won by ambushing Colonel Custer and his 197 soldiers in the seventh cavalry | 61 | |
| 11870475440 | what was the last Indian battle in u.s. history? | the battle of wounded knee | 62 | |
| 11870475441 | what caused the battle of wounded knee? | the u.s. army attacked the Sioux after tribal leaders refused to stop their "ghost dances" | 63 |
