Terms : Hide Images
| 353002809 | Islam | The monotheistic religion of Muslims founded in Arabia in the 7th century and based on the teachings of Muhammad as laid down in the Koran | 0 | |
| 353002810 | Muslims | those who practice the religion of Islam; believe in one God, and the prophet Muhammad whom they believe God spoke through | 1 | |
| 353002811 | Mohammad | The Founder of Islam. Muslims believe that Mohammad was God's last Prophet and that he received the word of God from the angel Gabriel. | 2 | |
| 353002812 | Qu'ran | the sacred writings of Islam revealed by God to the prophet Muhammad during his life at Mecca and Medina | 3 | |
| 353002813 | Five Pillars of Islam | behaviors and obligations that are common to all Muslims, which include the profession of faith, the performance of five daily prayers, the giving of alms, the requirement to fast, and the journey to Mecca, or Hajj | 4 | |
| 353002814 | jihad | It means "to struggle." This refers both to be a better Muslim and against non-believers. | 5 | |
| 353002815 | Mecca | City that lays in the trade routes, there Mohammad was exposed to different beliefs. When he began to preach Islam, Mecca's leaders who wished to keep the citiy's polytheistic faiths (economical interest) persecuted him. | 6 | |
| 353002816 | Medina | City in western Arabia to which the Prophet Muhammad and his followers emigrated in 622 to escape persecution in Mecca. | 7 | |
| 353002817 | hijra | The Migration of Muhammad from Mecca to Medina in A.D. 622, marking the founding of Islam | 8 | |
| 353002818 | Abu Bakr | Companion of 1st muslim leader after Muhammad. Regarded by Sunni's as the 1st caliph and rightful succesor. The Shi'ah regard him as a traitor of Muhammad. Known as best interpretter of dreams following Muhammad's death. | 9 | |
| 353002819 | caliph | a supreme political and religious leader in a Muslim government | 10 | |
| 353002820 | theocracy | a political unit governed by a deity (or by officials thought to be divinely guided) | 11 | |
| 353002821 | caliphate | The Islamic empire ruled by those believed to be the successors to the Prophet Muhammad. | 12 | |
| 353002822 | Umayyad Dinasty | Enlarged the Islamic state and intensified conflict with Persian and Byzantine Empires. | 13 | |
| 353002823 | Charles Martel | the Frankish commander for the battle of Tours. He defeated the Muslimsin the Battle of Tours, allowing Christianity to survive throughout the Dark Ages. He in a way started Feudalism by giving land to his knights that served for him. | 14 | |
| 353002824 | Dome of the Rock | Muslim shrine in Jerusalem containing the rock from which Mohammad is believed to have risen to heaven; Jews believe Abraham prepared to sacrifice his son Isaac on the rock. | 15 | |
| 353002825 | Shia Islam | Holds that Mohammad's son-in-law, Ali, was the rightful heir to the empire, based on Mohammad's comments to Ali. | 16 | |
| 353002826 | Sunnis | Muslims belonging to branch of Islam believing that the community should select its own leadership. The majority religion in most Islamic countries. | 17 | |
| 353002827 | Abbasid Dynasty | lasted from 750-1258 after the Umayyad dynasty and was a more prosperous time; Baghdad became the capital and both Arab and non-Arab Muslims could hold civil and military offices. Defeated by the Mongols. | 18 | |
| 353002828 | Baghdad | Capital of Abbasid dynasty located in Iraq near ancient Persian capital of Ctesiphon | 19 | |
| 353002829 | Mohammad al-Razi | published a medical encyclopedia (during the Abbasid Dynasty) | 20 | |
| 353002830 | Levant | the former name for the geographical area of the eastern Mediterranean that is now occupied by Lebanon and Syria and Israel. The Europeans found ancient Greek and Roman writings during the Crusades. | 21 | |
| 353002831 | Sufis | Islamic mystics who placed more emphasis on emotion and devotion than on strict adherence to rules. | 22 | |
| 353002832 | mamlucks | Revolted to create new capital at Samarra. | 23 | |
| 353002833 | Mongols | During the crusades, the Mongols overran the Islamic Empire and destroyed Baghdad, thereby signaling the end of the Abbasid Dynasty. | 24 | |
| 353002834 | Ottoman Turks | Reunited Egypt, Syria, and Arabia in a new Islamic state that lasted until 1918. | 25 |
