The Making of Industrial Society
AP World History
Cordell Students: I talked to her and some of the terms listed are not actually from this chapter but will be in later chapters within the unit. Just FYI because some of the terms were not in the reading.
Redmond HS, AP World History with Cordell
Chapter 29, Modern World
Terms : Hide Images
| 6154344244 | industrialization | time period when factories and manufacturing rapidly rose | 0 | |
| 6154344245 | Calico Acts | laws passes in 1720 and 721 to ban the sale and import of this brightly patterned cotton textile in England | 1 | |
| 6154344246 | John Kay | inventor of the flying shuttle in 1730 which sped up the weaving process and increased demand for thread | 2 | |
| 6154344247 | canals | Manmade waterways that made transportation of goods easier before the invention of the steam engine | 3 | |
| 6154344248 | Edmund Cartwright | inventor of a water-driven power loom in 1785 inagurating an era of mechanical weaving | 4 | |
| 6154344249 | James Watt | invented a steam engine in 1765 that bruned coal to boil water and create steam to drive mechanical devices | 5 | |
| 6154344250 | Henry Bessemer | invented a converter 1856 that made cheaper, stronger steel and cuased a rise in steel production | 6 | |
| 6154344251 | the Rocket | (?) A steam-powered locomotive; opened in 1830 and extended 30 miles from Liverpool to Manchester, England; reached speeds of 16mph while pulling a 40-ton train | 7 | |
| 6154344252 | steamships | ships powered by steam engines used to replaced sailing ships in the mid-19th century when refined high-efficiency engines were invented | 8 | |
| 6154344253 | factory system | system used to replace the putting-out system when entrepreneurs found ways to avoid guilds; required a division of labor where each worker performed a single specialized task | 9 | |
| 6154344254 | Luddities | organized bands of English handicraft workers who struck against mills and destroyed machines in 1811 and 1816 | 10 | |
| 6154344255 | mass production | system pioneered by inventors like Eli Whitney and Henry Ford to make goods quickly, efficiently, and at a cheaper price | 11 | |
| 6154344256 | corporations | (?) businesses owned by many investors | 12 | |
| 6154344257 | monoplies, trusts, cartels | competetive associations to protect themselves | 13 | |
| 6154344258 | cartel | aka a horizontal organization, invovled all the independent companies in the same business | 14 | |
| 6154344259 | Crystal Palace | magnificent structure in London mae of iron and glass that enclosed trees, gardens, fountains, and manufactured goods from around the world where viewers could view them on display, opened in 1815 | 15 | |
| 6154344260 | demographic transition | population change typical of industrialized countries, referring to shifting patterns of fertility and mortality | 16 | |
| 6154344261 | urbanization | process when industrialization drew migrants from countryside to urban centers to pursue work in factories | 17 | |
| 6154344262 | migration | movement of people from rural areas to urban centers during industrialization | 18 | |
| 6154344263 | socialism | political, social, and economic philosophy calling for social transformations that would better serve the means of mankind, better social conditions, based on principle of equality | 19 | |
| 6154344264 | Charles Fourier | Utoptian socialist who spent most of his life as a salesmen but loathing competition of the market system and called for social transformations that would better serve the needs of mankind; planned model communities held together by love | 20 | |
| 6154344265 | Robert Owen | Utopian social who transformed a squalid Scottish cotton mill town, New Lanark, into a model industrial community by reducing working hours, raising wages, building spacious housing, opening stores that sold goods at fair prices, and improving education for children | 21 | |
| 6154344266 | communism | political movement that worked towards abolition of private property, institution of radically egalitarian society, end of industrial capitalism that created a large gap between the bourgeois and proletariat | 22 | |
| 6154344267 | proletariat | Communist term for the working class exploited in a capitalist system | 23 | |
| 6154344268 | Karl Marx | German theorist, supporter of the Communist party and author of many communist doctrines such as "The Communist Manifesto" and "Das Kapital", thought that industrial capitalism divided the bourgeois and proletaritat classes and would lead to a communist revolution | 24 | |
| 6154344269 | Friedrich Engels | German theorist, co-author of communist doctrines such as "The Communist Manifesto" with Karl Marx | 25 | |
| 6154344270 | Great Reform Act of 1832 | (?) Redistributed seats in the House of Commons, gave representation to new towns & cities, eliminated rotten boroughs, enlarged electorate but kept property requirement for voting | 26 | |
| 6154344271 | pensions | (?) A fixed amount of money paid to a retired person by a government or former employer | 27 | |
| 6154344272 | trade unions | organizations formed to represent the interests of industrial workers, helped employers become more responsive to workers' needed without destroying capitalism and sparking a communist revolution | 28 | |
| 6154344273 | Sergei Whitte | Russian finance minister who promoted industry, oversaw the construction of the trans-Siberian railroad, reformed commercial law to protect industries and steamship companies, promoted nautical and engineering schools, and encouraged foreign investors | 29 | |
| 6154344274 | zaibastu | Private entrepreneurs in Japan who bought government-owned businesses, wealthy and powerful | 30 |
