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| 1707109172 | Umayyads | The upper crust of the Quraysh tribe (looked down on hashimites). They were the Potomac of the Quraysh. | 0 | |
| 1707116986 | Muawiya | 5th Caliph 661-680. Father of Yazid Ibn Muawiya | 1 | |
| 1707123386 | Yazid | Son of Muawiya. Was challenged by Husayn in the Battle of Karbala. Yazid was more closely related to Muhammad than Husayn. | 2 | |
| 1707129940 | Battle of Karbala | Oct. 10, 680. Yazid defeats Husayn. Battle celebrated in Shia festival called Ashura (involves voluntary blood letting)) (murdered the shit out of him) | 3 | |
| 1707154685 | Al-Malik | Caliph 685-705. 1. Establishes caliphates as absolute rulerships. 2. Establishes arabic as official language of God 3. Establishes Muslim coinage (images of rulers-- scandal!) 4. Builds buildings on Temple Mount (dome of the rock, al-Aqsa mosque) | 4 | |
| 1707156497 | Al-Aqsa | Mosque built by al-Malik on Temple Mount. Where Muhammad ascended to heaven from | 5 | |
| 1707167356 | Dome of the rock | Shrine locate on Temple Mount in Jerusalem, built by al-Malik, Rock where Abe was supposed to sacrifice son | 6 | |
| 1707209167 | War with Byzantium | Halted Umayyad expansion, had trouble getting to Constantinople because high walls and peninsula | 7 | |
| 1707212058 | Greek fire | Byzantines used this to shoot fire at war ships (like in the new "300") | 8 | |
| 1707217307 | Battle of Tours | 732 ce. France. Ummayads suffer first land defeat. Expansion halts. | 9 | |
| 1707256184 | Charles Martel | Ruled France during battle of tours (732), father of Charlemagne. Spanked and sent home Umayyad armies. | 10 | |
| 1707328305 | Caliphate of cordoba | Islamic Umayyad dynasty which ruled Al-Andalus in the Iberian Peninsula and part of North Africa from the city of Córdoba from 929 to 1031, (756-929). The period was characterized by an expansion of trade and culture, and saw the construction of masterpieces of al-Andalus architecture | 11 | |
| 1707432838 | Mawali | Non Arab Muslims | 12 |
