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Unit 1&2 Terms Flashcards

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291379898Hunting-gatheringThe process of living that involves hunting for meat, gathering edible produce, and traveling frequently.0
291379899Domesticated plants and animalsto convert animals and plants to domestic uses; tame1
291379900Sedentarynot migratory; settled2
291379901Nomadic, Pastoral(of groups of people) tending to travel and change settlements frequently3
291379902Neolithica period when the hunting and gathering lifestyle gave way to permanent settlements and the tending of plants and animals; "new stone age"4
291379903Deityany supernatural being worshipped as controlling some part of the world or some aspect of life or who is the personification of a force5
291379904Pantheonall the gods of a people or religion6
291379905PaganA follower of a polytheistic religion in ancient times.7
291379906Caste SystemSystem in India that gives every Indian a particular place in the social hierarchy from birth. Individuals may improve the position they inherit in the caste system in their next life through their actions, or karma. After many lives of good karma, they may be relieved from cycle of life and win their place in heaven.8
291379907Priesta clergyman in Christian churches who has the authority to perform or administer various religious rites9
291379908Nuna woman who has taken a sacred vow to devote her life to prayer and service to the church10
291379909Monotheismbelief in a single god11
291379910Polytheismbelief in multiple gods12
291379911Celibacyabstaining from sexual relations (as because of religious vows)13
291379912Monasticisma way of life in which men and women withdraw from the rest of the world in order to devote themselves to their faith; monks14
291379913AfterlifeThe next life, in which the dead are believed to live again15
291379914Reincarnationbelief that the individual soul is reborn in a different form after death16
291379915Missionariespeople sent out to carry a religious message; usually focuses on converting non-believers17
291379916Pilgrimspeople who take long journeys for religious reasons18
291379917Filialdesignating the generation or the sequence of generations following the parental generation19
291379918Kinship groupsEarly agricultural and technological development (about 8000 BCE to 3500 BCE) - Small groups of settlers grew into kinship-based villages that practiced both crop cultivation and domestication of animals. Tools and inventions helped villages to stabilize and eventually grow.20
291379919Conversiona spiritual enlightenment causing a person to lead a new life21
291379920PriesthoodThe character, office, or vocation of a priest22
291379921Sacred Textsbooks that give religious guidance to their respective groups ex. Bible, Qu'ran, and Torah23
291379922Imperialrelating to or associated with an empire24
291379923Feudalrelating to a system in which people (called "vassals") were given protection and the use of land, in return for loyalty, payments, and services to a lord25
291379924The stateA body of people, living in a defined territory, organized politically and with the power to make and enforce law without the consent of any higher authority.26
291379925Empirea political unit in which a number of peoples or countries are controlled by a single ruler27
291379926Ideaologycultural beliefs that justify particular social arrangement, including patterns of inequality28
291379927Bureaucracysystem of managing government through departments run by appointed officials29
291379928Civil serviceA system of hiring and promotion based on the merit principle and the desire to create a nonpartisan government service.30
291379929Social hierarchyThe division of society by rank or class31
291379930stratificationthe act or process or arranging persons into classes or social strata32
291379931inequalityan unfair situation in which some people have more rights or better opportunities than other people33
291379932Patriarchya form of social organization in which a male is the family head and title is traced through the male line34
291379933Slaverythe condition of being owned by another person and being made to work without wages35
291379934Urbanrelating to or concerned with a city or densely populated area36
291379935Tax revenuethe income that is gained by governments because of taxation of the people.37
291379936Nobilityclass of people having high birth or rank38
291379937ElitesA group or class of persons or a member of such a group or class, enjoying superior intellectual, social, or economic status.39
291379938Autonomyself-government, political control40
291379939CitizenA person with certain rights and responsibilities in his or her country or community41
291379940Trade GoodsMaterials, resources, or products traded for money or other goods between people/groups/nations etc.42
291379941Role of nomads in tradeNomads spread ideas from far away lands and traded new technology43

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